历书激光排版系统

历书激光排版系统研究主要用于《中国天文年历》、《天文测量简历》、《航海天文年历》、《天文普及年历》及各种民用历书计算,编辑,排版和绘图自动化,使出版社可以直接采用激光印字机打印出的书稿照相制版或用记录在软盘上的排版文件直接在照相机上安排。     

小行星(469219) Kamo`oalewa轨道的确定与误差分析

作为一颗与地球共轨道的小行星,(469219)Kamo'oalewa是一个具有很高研究价值的近地小天体,也是中国首次小行星探测计划的目标天体之一.针对其轨道特性,建立了兼顾太阳、地球和月球非球形引力作用的小行星动力学模型.并在该模型的基础上,利用国际小行星中心(Minor Planet Center,MPC)提供的2004|2018年间的光学观测数据对该小行星的轨道进行确定.拟合后观测残差的均方根误差约为0:2″(与美国喷气推进实验室的Horizons在线历表系统相当),其中2004年期间数据的观测残差有所改进.最后,对小行星(469219)Kamo'oalewa的轨道误差进行了详细分析,并预报了2020-2025年期间该小行星的轨道误差.     

鲁西铜石地区碲型金矿床中碲化物特征及其成矿机制研究

为探讨鲁西铜石地区归来庄金矿和卓家庄金矿的成矿物质来源及成矿机制,利用显微镜和电子探针对矿石中典型碲化物矿物进行了分析研究。结果显示,碲化物矿物主要为自然碲和碲银矿,其次是针碲金银矿、AgAu_2Te_6、含银自然金和碲铅矿,初步认为AgAu_2Te_6为新矿物。针碲金银矿、AgAu_2Te_6、部分碲银矿、含银自然金可能是在非平衡状态下快速沉淀而成,与含矿流体的间歇性沸腾作用有关。碲化物的沉淀顺序反映了其各自熔化温度的差异,说明熔点高的碲化物将优先沉淀。矿床成矿热液具有多来源性,可能存在含Au、Ag流体和Te流体,二者在一定的条件下发生不混溶;流体沸腾作用可能是导致碲化物和金等成矿物质快速沉淀的主要机制。     

Orbit Determination of the Asteroid (469219) Kamoòalewa and Its Error Analysis

As an Earth co-orbital asteroid, (469219) Kamoòalewa is a near earth object (NEO) with high value of research, and one of the targets explored by the first Chinese asteroid exploration mission. Given its orbit characteristics, we build a refined dynamical model for this asteroid, in which the effects induced by nonspherical gravitational fields of the Sun, the Earth, and the Moon are combined. On the basis of the dynamical model of the asteroid (469219) Kamoòalewa, its orbit is determined with optical data from 2004 to 2018 available on the Minor Planet Center (MPC) database. The root mean square error of post-fit residuals is about 0.2 arc second (comparable with that of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)/Horizons), and the post-fit residuals of optical observations in 2004 are decreased. At the end, we implement error analysis on the asteroid (469219) Kamoòalewa's orbit in detail, and also predict its orbit error at the time interval between 2020 and 2025.     

A New Algorithm in Computations of Binary Stars’ Observational Quantities and Its Application

The determination of the orbital parameters of binaries is an important constituent of fundamental astronomy. It is the only reliable way to determine the stellar mass, which is crucial for the studies of stellar dynamics and evolution. And the orbital parameters can be used to compute the motions of component stars, which could improve the population of reference stars in the bright star catalogue reference frame. However, the previous studies on the determination of binaries’ orbital parameters adopted some approximations in the computation of observational quantities. According to the statistical results of hundreds of binaries with bright component stars, it could be found that the approximations in the variation of the tangent plane and the prospective effect of the reference plane have made the deviations of computed observational quantities become larger than the present observational precision (1 mas). In this paper, a new algorithm based on the two-body model and the rigorous relation of solid geometry for computing observational quantities is presented. This new algorithm has been verified by fitting the simulation and actually-observed data. And the fitting results show that the fitted parameters solved by the new algorithm usually have a higher confidence than that solved by the approximate algorithm. Therefore, the new algorithm has certain improvements in the determination of the orbital parameters of binaries, especially, for the wide binaries nearby the solar system.     

邢云路对《授时历》日躔过宫推步的改进

考察明末邢云路所撰《古今律历考》中述及的日躔推步实例与先期恢复的《授时历》和《大统历》方法进行推步比对.采用邢云路改进的《授时历》法推步万历己亥岁(1599年)日躔交宫时间,结果与邢氏的标准偏差为5.93刻(=85.39 min),同时交宫夜半黄道宿度的偏差0.06古度(=0.059°);其中若扣除戌宫可能因数据错误产生的较大误差,则标准偏差将降为1.38刻(=19.87 min)和0.01古度(=0.0099°).其次,采用《大统历》计算该年日躔交宫,与邢云路计算的标准偏差为1.09刻(=15.70 min),交宫夜半黄道宿度的标准误差为0.05古度(=0.049°).据此可认为:基本恢复了邢氏的日躔推步方法;邢云路并未对《授时历》的日躔推步方法作本质上的改进,只是修改了其中的年长、周天分及宫界度.研究表明,邢氏所得《大统历》推交宫的结果与《授时历》偏差过大,原因在于其修改了《授时历》的参数,邢氏有厚《授时》薄《大统》之嫌.     

A model-independent test of the spatial variations of the Newtonian gravitational constant in some extrasolar planetary systems

In this paper, we directly constrain possible spatial variations of the Newtonian gravitational constant G over the range  ≈ 0.01–5 au  in various extrasolar multiplanet systems. Using the third Kepler law, we determine the quantity  Γ_XY= G _X/ G _Y  for each couple of planets X and Y located at different distances from their parent star; deviations of the measured values of Γ from unity would signal variations of G . The obtained results for  η= 1 −Γ  are found to be very compatible with zero within the experimental errors  (η/δη≈ 0.2–0.3)  . We make a comparison with an analogous test previously performed in our Solar system.     

导航电文星历参数对卫星轨道精度的影响

卫星导航定位的关键是获知导航卫星的精确位置,其轨道精度与导航电文中广播星历参数密切相关。分析了由广播星历参数计算的卫星广播轨道与精密星历确定的真实轨道之间的误差,并将其投影到卫星切向、径向和法向进行仿真研究。比较了民用导航电文（CNAV）和旧民用导航电文（NAV）的星历参数的差异,利用精密星历拟和出对应的广播星历参数,研究其星历参数的变化对卫星轨道精度的影响。分析了GPS不同频点播发的导航电文中星历参数在数据帧内的结构。研究结果表明：GPS卫星广播轨道误差一周内在2到4m内变化,而其在切向、径向和法向的投影值呈现周期性余弦变化,其演变周期与GPS轨道周期近似相等,而选取改进后的17个广播轨道参数表示的星历数据于15个星历参数对比,其轨道拟和误差值改善2～3cm.     

EURONEAR: Data mining of asteroids and Near Earth Asteroids

Besides new observations, mining old photographic plates and CCD image archives represents an opportunity to recover and secure newly discovered asteroids, also to improve the orbits of Near Earth Asteroids (NEAs), Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs) and Virtual Impactors (VIs). These are the main research aims of the EURONEAR network. As stated by the IAU, the vast collection of image archives stored worldwide is still insufficiently explored, and could be mined for known NEAs and other asteroids appearing occasionally in their fields. This data mining could be eased using a server to search and classify findings based on the asteroid class and the discovery date as “precoveries” or “recoveries”. We built PRECOVERY, a public facility which uses the Virtual Observatory SkyBoT webservice of IMCCE to search for all known Solar System objects in a given observation. To datamine an entire archive, PRECOVERY requires the observing log in a standard format and outputs a database listing the sorted encounters of NEAs, PHAs, numbered and un‐numbered asteroids classified as precoveries or recoveries based on the daily updated IAU MPC database. As a first application, we considered an archive including about 13 000 photographic plates exposed between 1930 and 2005 at the Astronomical Observatory in Bucharest, Romania. Firstly, we updated the database, homogenizing dates and pointings to a common format using the JD dating system and J2000 epoch. All the asteroids observed in planned mode were recovered, proving the accuracy of PRECOVERY. Despite the large field of the plates imaging mostly 2.27° × 2.27° fields, no NEA or PHA could be encountered occasionally in the archive due to the small aperture of the 0.38m refractor insufficiently to detect objects fainter than V ∼ 15. PRECOVERY can be applied to other archives, being intended as a public facility offered to the community by the EURONEAR project. This is the first of a series of papers aimed to improve orbits of PHAs and NEAs using precovered data derived from archives of images to be data mined in collaboration with students and amateurs. In the next paper we will search the CFHT Legacy Survey, while data mining of other archives is planned for the near future (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

An analytical solution for Kepler's problem

In this paper, we present a framework which provides an analytical (i.e. infinitely differentiable) transformation between spatial coordinates and orbital elements for the solution of the gravitational two-body problem. The formalism omits all singular variables which otherwise would yield discontinuities. This method is based on two simple real functions for which the derivative rules are only required to be known, all other applications – e.g. calculating the orbital velocities, obtaining the partial derivatives of radial velocity curves with respect to the orbital elements – are thereafter straightforward. As it is shown, the presented formalism can be applied to find optimal instants for radial velocity measurements in transiting explanatory systems to constrain the orbital eccentricity as well as to detect secular variations in the eccentricity or in the longitude of periastron.