椭球的倾斜像面空间透视投影正反解变换

利用矢量方法推出椭球的倾斜像面空间透视投影正解公式, 计算出此正解公式与球体的相应正解公式之间的误差, 并且利用矢量方法导出其相应反解公式。     

Atmospheric modelling in GPS analysis and its effect on the estimated geodetic parameters

Permanently operating Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers are used today, for example, in precise positioning and determination of atmospheric water vapour content. The GPS signals are delayed by various gases when traversing the atmosphere. The delay due to water vapour, the wet delay, is difficult to model using ground surface data and is thus often estimated from the GPS data. In order to obtain the most accurate results from the GPS processing, a modelling of the horizontal distribution of the wet delay may be necessary. Through simulations, three such models are evaluated, one of which is developed in this paper. In the first model the water vapour is assumed to be horizontally stratified, thus the wet delay can be described by only one zenith parameter. The second model gives the wet delay with one zenith and two horizontal gradient parameters. The third model uses the correlation between the wet-delay values in different directions. It is found that for large gradients and strong turbulence the two latter models yield lower errors in the estimated vertical coordinate and wet-delay parameters. For large gradients this improvement is up to 7 mm in the zenith wet-delay parameter, from 9 mm down to 2 and 4 mm for the second and third models, respectively. Received: 7 May 1998 / Accepted: 1 March 1999     

应用自组织神经树模型进行森林立地分类研究

利用航空遥感图像获取森林立地因子信息,在GIS支持下,以研究区内692个地块单元为对象,用自组织神经树模型进行森林立地分类研究,结果表明,该方法分类速度快、精度高、容错能力强,有极好的应用前景。     

利用空间VLBI技术建立参考系及联系

本文首先介绍了目前国际上空间VLBI的基本情况,进而对空间VLBI技术在参考系的建立和联系方面潜在的应用前景进行了初步的探讨。     

空间直角坐标计算大地坐标的抛物线逼近法

采用抛物线逼近法求解大地纬度和大地高,先计算空间点在椭球面上的子午面坐标,然后求解点的大地纬度和大地高。     

深基坑围护结构力学变形监测技术

主要介绍了北京地铁五号线和平西桥车站施工期间的力学变形监测技术,阐述了力学变形监测工作在城市松散含水地层深基坑围护桩施工时的一些技术要求和措施,文章系统地总结了本工程中的力学变形监测技术,为今后类似工程变形监测工作积累了宝贵的经验。     

CORS系统在北部湾航测中的应用

基于CORS系统,结合网络RTK技术在北部湾测区（东区）1：10 000航测外业控制测量项目中的应用情况,分析了CORS系统在航测控制中的应用优势,与常规方法相比此方法明显提高了工作效率,且精度更高。     

Flexibility, technology, and the daily life practices of distance students living beyond the digital mainstream

In this paper it is argued that even though communication technologies release distance students considerably from their dependency on a campus, students are still very much connected to places in their daily lives. These connections are constituted through the “placing” of technology, the students’ relations to people in their daily lives and the students’ relations to the education institution. Communication technology not only releases students from the spatial dimensions; it also attaches them to specific places. It is argued that the use of technology in distance education can reduce the students’ flexibility even if they do not have to attend campus regularly. The empirical analysis presented in this paper is based on a case study of a Master’s degree programme in Public Management offered by Open University Indonesia (Universitas Terbuka).     

安徽庐枞盆地泥河铁矿床成矿流体性质:来自He-Ar-H-O同位素的证据

安徽庐江泥河铁矿床位于长江中下游成矿带庐枞中生代火山岩盆地,受控于切穿至Moho面的罗河-缺口断裂,矿床具有典型玢岩型铁矿的特征。泥河铁矿床硬石膏-透辉石-磁铁矿阶段流体3He/4He=0.14~0.76Ra(平均0.3548Ra),40Ar/36Ar=262.2~364.9(平均299.3),δ18OSMOW=-2.16‰~5.04‰,δDSMOW=-40.7‰~-34.8‰;硬石膏-黄铁矿-磁铁矿阶段流体3He/4He=0.0108~0.1301Ra(平均0.0697Ra),40Ar/36Ar=221.4~401.4(平均315.1),δDSMOW=-31.8‰~-15.4‰,δ18OSMOW=-2.72‰~1.88‰;高岭石-硬石膏-石英-黄铁矿阶段流体3He/4He=0.0162~0.0223Ra(平均0.0193Ra),40Ar/36Ar=312.5~367.6(平均340.05),δDSMOW=-25‰~-8‰,δ18OSMOW=-6.59‰~-4.89‰。成矿流体的同位素特征显示,幔源流体可能参与了泥河铁矿床早期的成矿作用,后期改造型饱和大气降水逐步加入并占据成矿作用的主导地位。研究结果表明,长江中下游地区中生代强烈的壳幔相互作用,是形成区域巨量金属矿床的重要机制,区域的深大断裂构成了幔源岩浆、幔源物质参与浅部成矿的通道。