泥河湾盆地典型剖面沉积物磁化率特征及其意义

在对泥河湾盆地郝家台、小长梁、东谷坨三个典型剖面野外沉积特征初步研究的基础上,将剖面划分为四个沉积相：顶部马兰黄土堆积,上、下湖泊相和中部河流相。以１５ｃｍ为间距,系统采集了１６７４块样品,进行质量磁化率的测定与分析。结果表明：沉积物磁化率值的大小与沉积相,尤其是与沉积物的粒度相关。一般规律是滨浅湖相粉砂、粘土质粉砂的磁化率值大,而深湖相、半深湖相粘土和粉砂质粘土的磁化率值较低。磁化率值的变化在一定程度上反映了古气候的变化,磁化率高峰可能反映了干燥的气候环境,而低谷则可能反映了温湿的气候。沉积相和磁化率变化曲线相结合,将剖面分为７个对比层,初步讨论了１ＭａＢ．Ｐ．以来,盆地大概可以分为三个大的演化阶段：早期扩张期,中期收缩期,晚期扩张到收缩期。并通过剖面间的对比,初步认为剖面所含石器层的年龄大约在１Ｍａ．Ｂ．Ｐ．左右。     

火成岩岩石薄片智能识别及分类方法

在油气勘探、评价及开发中,岩性识别和薄片鉴定是十分重要的基础工作,准确的薄片识别结果可以为勘探和开发提供可靠的依据。传统的人工判定方法或实验室分析方法具有主观性强、效率低、自动化程度低等问题。目前基于内容的智能图像识别技术在准确性和具体应用方面还面临着许多难题。论文基于国内外相关研究成果与油气勘探与开发中岩芯薄片图像的特点及要求,设计并研制成功薄片图像自动识别系统和薄片智能鉴定系统。利用图像梯度分布和色彩分析进行火成岩岩石薄片智能分类,对所有像素进行类别划分进而得到整体的鉴定结果,实现了省时、高效、高精度的薄片智能鉴定成果。     

Lessons Learned from Reviewing Research in GIS Education

Abstract

Traditional lectures generally force students to play a passive role in the classroom. In an effort to promote active learning, we added discussion sections to a large lecture hall course. Field trips, student journals, and group-based assignments, in particular, enhanced the learning experience. To ensure the success of the new format, course planners must enlist the sustained cooperation of key faculty and administrators on campus, as well as teaching assistants assigned to the new sections. The new discussion sections allowed students to acknowledge the environmental impact their actions have on campus and to recognize that environmental problems occur at multiple scales.     

贵州省石炭纪早期古土壤的发现及其意义

古土壤蕴涵着古老时期的大气氧、二氧化碳以及生态植被的演化信息 ,利用有效的手段提取这些信息并据此推测古气候环境。在贵州省的遵义苟江、道真县、正安县等地发现了保存完好的石炭纪早期的古土壤剖面 ,为恢复该地质时期云贵高原的大气氧演化、二氧化碳浓度与生态植被提供了天然的现场条件。     

Neoproterozoic and Cambrian successions deposited on the East European platform and Cadomian basement area in Poland

Summary A short review of the Neoproterozoic and Cambrian sedimentary and volcanogenic successions in Poland is concerned with depositional and tectonic developments. The successions accumulated in shallow shelf and deeper slope environments. They overlie Palaeoproterozoic crystalline basement of the Baltic Craton and Gondwana-derived Neoproterozoic Cadomian basement. This discrepancy in the nature of the basement is viewed as indicating distinct terranes. During the course of Palaeozoic time, the discrete terranes were assembled along the Teisseyre-Tornquist Lineament and the Trans-European Suture Zone adjacent to the Baltica palaeocontinent.     

反转构造与造山带研究

反转构造的研究已成为造山带构造研究的一个重要内容。反转构造模拟和实践所得出的断层组合形态和形成顺序有助于对造山带及前陆褶皱和逆冲带的正确认识。由于张性断层的控制作用，６０年代中期发展起来的薄壳构造模式在现实中并不普遍适用，构造剖面的平衡恢复因此亦需加倍谨慎。在造山带研究中，还需注意反转构造与走滑构造之间的区分。     

Unravelling the spirals: a serial thin-section study and three-dimensional computer-aided reconstruction of spiral-shaped inclusion trails in garnet porphyroblasts

Abstract Seventy-seven spatially orientated, serial thin sections cut from a single rock reveal changes in the geometry of spiral-shaped inclusion trails (SSITs) in garnet porphyroblasts. The observed SSITs are doubly curved, non-cylindrical surfaces, with total inclusion-trail curvature decreasing systematically from the cores to the rims of porphyroblasts. The three-dimensional geometry of the SSITs, reconstructed with the aid of computer graphics, shows that the orientations of spiral axes defined by the SSITs are not related in any expected nor predictable way to the main foliation in the matrix. This suggests continued deformation after or during the latest stages of porphyroblast growth, which has important implications for the use of SSITs as shear-sense indicators. Whether the formation of SSITs involves significant porphyroblast rotation with respect to a geographically fixed reference frame cannot be determined from the available data.     

成矿区带深部有色金属矿产资源勘查评价方法技术研究

目前我国大部地区的区域地质、物探和化探测量工作业已完成,确定出数十个成矿远景区带,成矿区带内进一步找矿工作,尤其是深部找矿工作一直是急于解决的主要问题。另一方面,危机矿山找矿问题早已提到议事日程,危机矿山大多处于成矿远景区带内,所以成矿区带找矿也是危机矿山深部和外围找矿的一个组成部分。物化探一直是寻找深部隐伏矿产资源的主要手段,如何把物化探方法技术有机地结合起来,如何将新方法新技术融入到找矿工作中是急需我们考虑的问题。就此问题,文中提出一些看法。     

De-bugging the 'millipede' porphyroblast microstructure: a serial thin-section study and 3-D computer animation

ABSTRACT Seventy-five spatially orientated, serial thin sections cut from a single rock containing ‘millipede’ porphyroblast microstructure from the Robertson River Metamorphics, Australia, reveal the three-dimensional (3-D) geometry of oppositely concave microfolds (OCMs) that define the microstructure. Electronic animations showing progressive serial sections of the 3-D microstructure are made available via the World Wide Web. The OCM amplitudes decrease regularly from a maximum in near-central sections to a minimum in near-marginal sections, whereas the OCM interlimb angles increase regularly from a minimum in near-central sections to a maximum in near-marginal sections. These observations illustrate that the OCMs are noncylindrical surfaces with culminations located in near-central sections. Because the porphyroblast cores appear to have been present before significant development of the syn-OCM foliation, all of the OCMs were formed by heterogeneous extension around these cores. The overall geometry of the OCMs described here reflects the strain state, and cannot be used to constrain deformation paths.