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991.
A. Deutsch R. A. F. Grieve M. Avermann L. Bischoff P. Brockmeyer D. Buhl R. Lakomy V. Müller-Mohr M. Ostermann D. Stöffler 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1995,84(4):697-709
The occurrence of shock metamorphic features substantiates an impact origin for the 1.85 Ga old Sudbury Structure, but this has not been universally accepted. Recent improvements in knowledge of large-scale impact processes, combined with new petrographic, geochemical, geophysical (LITHOPROBE) and structural data, allow the Sudbury Structure to be interpreted as a multi-ring impact structure. The structure consists of the following lithologies: Sudbury Breccia —dike breccias occurring up to 80 km from the Sudbury Igneous Complex (SIC); Footwall rocks and Footwall Breccia — brecciated, shocked crater floor materials, in part thermally metamorphosed by the overlying SIC; Sublayer and Offset Dikes, Main Mass of the SIC and Basal Member of the Onaping Formation (OF) — geochemically heterogeneous coherent impact melt complex ranging from inclusion-rich basal unit through a dominantly inclusion-free to a capping inclusion-rich impact melt rock; Grey Member of OF — melt-rich impact breccia (suevite); Green Member of OF — thin layer of fall back ejecta; Black Member of OF — reworked and redeposited breccia material; Onwatin and Chelmsford Formations — post-impact sediments. Observational and analytical data support an integrated step-by-step impact model for the genesis of these units. Analysis of the present spatial distribution of various impact-related lithologies and shock metamorphic effects result in an estimated original rim-to-rim diameter of the final crater of 200 or even 280 km for the Sudbury Structure, prior to tectonic thrusting and deformation during the Penokean orogeny. 相似文献
992.
993.
论述了冰期与间冰期的气候变化与海平面升降的关系以及冰期与间冰期的古地貌,全面系统地阐述了上海地面沉降之后的地质环境,并提出了控制地面沉降的5条建议。 相似文献
994.
过去一直认为稳定氯同位素比值(~(37)Cl/~(35)Cl)几乎不变。80年代以来利用高精度质谱法成功地发现了自然界氯同位素分馏作用。单纯的溶解和对流迁移作用不能引起同位素组分变化,而扩散作用、离子渗透作用和对流混合作用却可导致同位素分馏。各地不同深度海水的氯同位素成分极为一致,故以标准平均海水氯(SMOC)作为对比标准。得克萨斯—路易斯安那海湾油田水的δ~(37)Cl大致为+0.5‰~-1.25‰,且与氯浓度大致呈正相关。热液成矿系统中,氯同位素可作为研究矿床成因的示踪剂,如美国田纳西州密西西比河谷型矿床(MVD)的δ~(37)Cl在+0.2‰~-1.1‰之间,几个斑岩铜矿床(PVD)的早期脉岩与晚期脉岩中不同δ~(37)Cl的存在,都表明在成矿过程中有不同氯源的参与。 相似文献
995.
利用矿泉水的水文地质、水化学特征、环境同位素水文地质学和国际WATCH水/岩平衡计算机程序等新理论、新方法,可以推算出雪峰矿泉水的形成年龄和补给与迳流条件,计算出水的循环深度,以及主要成分的迁移系数,从而有机地研究矿泉水的水文地球化学机制,探讨矿泉水形成的水文地球化学成因模式。 相似文献
996.
通过X射线衍射、红外光谱、热分析、理化性能测试和镜下观察等手段,确定了贵州大方猫场含黄铁矿粘土岩中主要粘土矿物为伊/蒙不规则间层矿物,其间层作用类型为R=1,即累托石型有序间层。 相似文献
997.
This paper systematically summarized the relation of the abnormal change of He and H2 dissolved gasses in deep hot-water well at Beijing No. 2 Cotton Mill and their relation with seismicity of the region. An
empirical formula for the relation of the precursory anomaly of He and H2 gasses with the magnitude and occurrence time of earthquake has been derived. Two events of magnitude greater than 5 in North
China had been successfully predicted by using this formula.
The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,15, 490–497, 1993. 相似文献
998.
Abstract Isotopic analyses of organic carbon from the mid-Cretaceous sequence in Hokkaido, Japan, revealed a 2‰ positive excursion of δ13C values at the biostratigraphically defined Cenomanian/Turonian (C/T) boundary recognized in the Yezo Group. The planktonic foraminiferal Whiteinella archaeocretacea Zone, which is known to bracket the Cenomanian/Turonian boundary elsewhere in the world, was recognized in the Oyubari area of central Hokkaido based on the distribution of commonly occurring planktonic foraminifera. In the Tappu area of northwestern Hokkaido, where diagnostic planktonic foraminifera are rare but calcareous nannoplankton occur commonly, the interval coeval with the W. archaeocretacea Zone can also be established by recognizing the conjoined last appearance levels of Corollithion kennedyi and Axopodorhabdus albianus, both calcareous nannoplankton species. Carbon isotope profiles exhibit a similar pattern with comparable peaks and troughs occurring in the same stratigraphic position in the sequences. A prominent, positive 2‰ shift of δ13C values, here called ‘δ13C spike’ occurs in the middle of the W. archaeocretacea Zone in the Oyubari area and just above the conjoined last appearances of the two above-mentioned nannoplankton taxa in the Tappu area. The Cenomanian/Turonian boundary can be drawn just above the peak position of the spike in both sections. The Rock Eval analyses and biomarker analyses of organic carbon indicate that organic carbon subjected to our isotope analyses is of terrestrial origin. Therefore, the observed 2%o shift should reflect changes in the isotopic composition of the atmospheric CO2. A unique layer composed predominantly of sand-grain sized spumellarian Radiolaria is present immediately above the δ13C spike both in the Oyubari and Tappu areas, suggesting an increasing availability of both nutrients and silica in surface waters. 相似文献
999.
By means of the analysis of sediments cored in the small river Gurk (Carinthia/Austria), the input of Ag, Cd, Ce, Cr, Hg, La, Mo, Ni, V, and W from a chemical industrial plant could be detected. To estimate the actual load, and to obtain data for comparison with other sites, both unsieved fine sediments and sediments sieved to 20 μm were investigated from the same cores. Environmental mobilities of toxic heavy metals (Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn) have been shown by sequential leaching following Tessier/Förstner. In the last step, HNO3 leaches a purely geogenic fraction, which is fairly constant along the investigated river. Whereas the additional Cr from the input of the chemical plant is mainly found in the oxalate-leachable fraction, short-time-load to unpolluted sediments in the laboratory is found mainly in hydroxylamine/acetic acid. Both is due to the high affinity of Cr to Fe- and Mn-oxides. Adsorption/desorption experiments reveal that the low carbonate content of the Gurk sediments increases the importance of Fe/Mn-oxides for the sorption of Cr compared to other samples containing carbonate. The Ni-load was primarily found in weak-acid-leachable and oxalate-leachable fractions. Similarly, the oxalate-leachable fraction is dominant for adsorption of other metals and phosphorus. Other interelement relationships among the amounts leached, which are attributable partly to carbonate-, silicate-, organic or coating phases, have been found by means of factor analyses together with marker fractions for each type. 相似文献
1000.