河北山前平原地下水^32Si年龄初探

＾３２Ｓｉ是放射性同位素,半衰期约１４０ａ可以测定５０～１０００ａ地下水的年龄,本文用Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）３共沉淀法从天然水中提取ＳｉＯ２回收率可达３０％～９８％,然后提取和纯化＾３２Ｐ,将Ｈ３ＰＯ４溶液和Ｐｉｃｏ－ｆｌｏｕｒ＾ＴＭＬＬＴ混合制备计数溶液,用液体闪烁计数法测量中＾３２Ｐ的放射性,本底计数为４．８０ｃｐｈ,仪器效率为４５．３４％,然后用公式计算样品的＾３２Ｓｉ放射性浓度和地下水的＾３２Ｓｉ年     

A study of dissipation of wind-waves by mud at Cassino Beach,Brazil: Prediction and inversion

The impact of a non-rigid seafloor on the wave climate at Cassino Beach, Brazil, May–June 2005 is studied using field measurements and a numerical wave model. The measurements consist of wave data at four locations; rheology and mud thickness from grab samples; and an estimate of the horizontal distribution of mud based on echo-soundings. The dissipation of waves by a non-rigid bottom is represented in the wave model by treating the mud layer as a viscous fluid. Applied for 431 time periods, the model without this type of dissipation has a strong tendency to overpredict nearshore wave energy, except during a period of large storm waves. Two model variations which include this dissipation have a modest tendency to underpredict the nearshore wave energy. An inversion methodology is developed and applied to infer an alternate mud distribution which, when used with the wave model, yields the observed waveheights.     

Impacts of stormwater runoff in the Southern California Bight: Relationships among plume constituents

The effects from two winter rain storms on the coastal ocean of the Southern California Bight were examined as part of the Bight ‘03 program during February 2004 and February–March 2005. The impacts of stormwater from fecal indicator bacteria, water column toxicity, and nutrients were evaluated for five major river discharges: the Santa Clara River, Ballona Creek, the San Pedro Shelf (including the Los Angeles, San Gabriel, and Santa Ana Rivers), the San Diego River, and the Tijuana River. Exceedances of bacterial standards were observed in most of the systems. However, the areas of impact were generally spatially limited, and contaminant concentrations decreased below California Ocean Plan standards typically within 2–3 days. The largest bacterial concentrations occurred in the Tijuana River system where exceedances of fecal indicator bacteria were noted well away from the river mouth. Maximum nitrate concentrations (~40 μM) occurred in the San Pedro Shelf region near the mouth of the Los Angeles River. Based on the results of general linear models, individual sources of stormwater differ in both nutrient concentrations and the concentration and composition of fecal indicator bacteria. While nutrients appeared to decrease in plume waters due to simple mixing and dilution, the concentration of fecal indicator bacteria in plumes depends on more than loading and dilution rates. The relationships between contaminants (nutrients and fecal indicator bacteria) and plume indicators (salinity and total suspended solids) were not strong indicating the presence of other potentially important sources and/or sinks of both nutrients and fecal indicator bacteria. California Ocean Plan standards were often exceeded in waters containing greater than 10% stormwater (<28–30 salinity range). The median concentration dropped below the standard in the 32–33 salinity range (1–4% stormwater) for total coliforms and Enterococcus spp. and in the 28–30 salinity range (10–16% stormwater) for fecal coliforms. Nutrients showed a similar pattern with the highest median concentrations in water with greater than 10% stormwater. Relationships between colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and salinity and between total suspended solids and beam attenuation indicate that readily measurable, optically active variables can be used as proxies to provide at least a qualitative, if not quantitative, evaluation of the distribution of the dissolved, as well as the particulate, components of stormwater plumes. In this context, both CDOM absorption and the beam attenuation coefficient can be derived from satellite ocean color measurements of inherent optical properties suggesting that remote sensing of ocean color should be useful in mapping the spatial areas and durations of impacts from these contaminants.     

利用Win 32 API通信函数设计串行通信程序

在Windows95/98OS和VisualC^ 5.0/6.0软件开发平台下,介绍了利用Win32API串行通信函数实现PC机串行通信的技术及编程方法,并给出了一处在后台房问串口的通信程序示例。     

32°N断面二十年来生态环境的演化及变化趋势

通过分析20a来(1975—1998年)32°N断面春、秋两个季节的生态环境参数,选取特定年份对该断面各环境要素断面分布特征做了探讨,并结合各环境参数的距平图及多年气候趋势系数,初步讨论了各环境参数春季和秋季多年来的变化趋势及营养盐结构变化状况:20a来各环境参数发生了显著变化,春季、秋季无机氮有上升趋势,溶解氧、磷酸盐和硅酸盐呈下降的趋势;氮可能成为春季东海北部海域浮游植物生长的限制因子。     

基于STM32自动网球拾取机器人设计

针对网球场捡球工作量大的问题,开发了一款基于STM32的智能自动小型移动网球拾取机器人,规避了现存网球机器人结构庞大、灵活性差、效率低的问题.通过构建机器人三维模型,设计了一款造价低廉、高精密的小型移动网球拾取机器人.采用质心法获取目标物坐标信息,在机器视觉模块与双机械臂机构协同下,采取多行走舵机与万向轮协同实现机器人自动寻找目标、完成拾取、归集网球等动作.实验结果表明机器人能很好地完成以上功作,且拾取速度快,精确度达到98％.     

基于STM32的浮标及其定日光伏控制系统设计

为了提高海洋浮标对太阳能的利用率而设计了一种定日光伏系统的控制方案,采用STM32嵌入式单片机作为控制核心,结合浮标的特制外形,其太阳能电池板能够始终向着太阳转动,最大限度地为浮标进行供电。所述的浮标特制外形由带有对称肋板的浮标体和透明保护罩组成,提高了浮标的抗变形能力,减弱了太阳能电池板转动引起的反转及左右摇摆趋势。该系统经试验及仿真分析,达到预期目标,运行稳定可靠,有良好的推广应用价值。     

野外实验场地球物理电磁数据采集与分析

地球物理电磁数据观测实验场的建立在国内仍属空白,根据开展电磁法的方法技术要求,我们率先选择具备条件的已知矿区作为实验场地,开展了包括国内、外多种型号电磁法仪器(GDP 32Ⅱ、V8、DEM-V、DJS-8A)的相同装置下的同剖面同点位对比试验.对野外实验场上所开展的不同方法每种仪器的数据采集方式与取得结果进行比较分析,并与地质资料进行了结合分析;通过地球物理电磁数据的综合观测研究,形成标准化的数据,将对电磁法仪器开发、仪器引进提供实验检测场地与标准的检测数据,促进地球物理电磁探测技术的研究与发展.     

两株异化铁还原菌与蒙脱石交互作用实验研究

本文选用采自辽宁某矿的天然钠基蒙脱石与两株异化铁还原菌模式菌株Shewanella putrefaciensCN32和She-wanellaoneidensisMR-1,研究了蒙脱石与微生物之间的交互作用。结果表明这两株菌均能还原蒙脱石晶格中的三价铁,使微生物作用于蒙脱石之后的反应体系中二价铁离子浓度明显升高,反应悬浊液颜色由无色变为浅绿色。透射电子显微镜晶格条纹像显示微生物作用后的粘土矿物微结构发生明显变化,其层间距d001值从1.29 nm分别减小为1.06 nm(CN32)和1.02nm(MR-1)。上述结果综合指示这两株异化铁还原菌能够通过还原天然蒙脱石结构中的三价铁促进矿物发生物相转变。     

基于STM32的地震观测台站通用智能电源控制器的研制

电源是一切电子设备的心脏,是保障电子设备正常运行的关键,但目前针对地震观测台站使用电源的相关研究较少,本文在分析目前台站电源存在问题的基础上,开发设计了适用于台站的通用智能电源控制器,该控制器以STM32F107微处理器为核心,设计了相应的信号采集、电压控制及驱动电路,整机功耗约0.6W、工作电压范围DC7～23V,其通过外接方式即可对台站原有供电系统进行功能扩展和优化,满足低功耗、易操作、高可靠等设计要求,具有较好的推广价值。