C60,Cn及其衍生物的研究进展和地质学意义

Ｃ６０晶体是碳元素的第三种同质异构体，Ｃ６０，Ｃｎ及其衍生物有许多新奇的物理化学特性。本文介绍了运用高新测试分析技术深入研究这类新材料结构、物化特性、合成提纯条件及开发高科技新材料产品的前景；探讨了利用天然石墨、各种煤炭等提取合成一些重要价值的Ｃ６０，Ｃｎ及衍生物产品的可行性。     

焦页60-5HF井钻井技术

焦页60-5HF井是处于焦石坝构造东南翼的一口页岩气水平井,该井设计井深5290 m,井斜69.30°,垂深3945.04 m,闭合位移2513.99 m。在实际施工中为确保水平段在储层中延伸,经多次调整后,最终完钻井深5235.00 m,井斜81.8°,垂深3820.56 m,水平位移2509.53 m,水平段长1775.00 m,为重庆涪陵工区垂深最深的一口水平井。实际施工中为保证井眼轨迹在储层中穿行,克服了井下工具抗高温、水平段摩阻大、定向托压、井眼轨迹防碰等诸多问题,成功完成了该井的施工任务,为该地区施工超深井提供了可借鉴的经验。     

Gamma-rays induction of mutation in conchocelis ofPorphyra yezoensis

Free-living conchocelis ofPorphyra yezoensis Ueda (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) were treated with⁶⁰Co-γ rays of different doses (ranging from 100 Gy to 1000 Gy) to induce mutation. Most of the conchocelis maintained the capability of penetrating into shells, growing and forming colonies in shells, but their vitality was seriously impaired by the irradiation of γ-rays. A few conchocelis pigments were mutagenized directly into different color pigment mutants whose progeny-conchospores and foliose thalli had the same colors. However, some irradiated conchocelis did not show the change in color at the conchocelis stage. The pigment mutation could be observed only after the conchospores of these conchocelis had germinated into young foliose thalli. Irradiation of low dose (100 Gy) promoted the growth of thallus and many with altered morphology were observed. Conchospores of the irradiated conchocelis attached to the culture nets were cultured in the sea, and growth of these progenies was observed and measured.     

从患病黑鲪分离病原菌HV0811的鉴定及其系统发育分析

从症状为溃疡瞎眼的养殖黑鲪(Sebastodes fuscescens)病灶处分离到3株优势菌HV0811、PT0811和JH0811,以肌肉注射人工感染实验证实菌株HV0811为致病菌,其对黑鲪的半致死浓度为7.15×10~5 CFU/尾。通过对致病菌的形态学观察、生理生化分析表明:菌株HV0811为革兰氏阴性菌,极生单鞭毛,短杆状,直径1～3mm,需Na+生长,低于4℃、高于42℃不生长。基于16SrRNA和HSP60基因序列构建的系统发育树表明:HV0811分别与哈维氏弧菌(AY750578和AY332571)相类聚,其中16SrRNA基因序列与哈维氏弧菌(AY750578)聚合置信度较低,仅有10%,不能有效地确定该种;HSP60基因序列与哈维氏弧菌(AY332571)聚合为一个分支的置信度达100%。综合该菌的形态、生理生化及HSP60基因序列比对结果,表明分离到的病原菌HV0811为哈维氏弧菌。药敏试验结果显示病原哈维氏弧菌(HV0811)对庆大霉素、新霉素、氟哌酸等较为敏感。     

T213与T639模式热带气旋预报误差对比

应用国家气象中心全球谱模式T213L31(简称T213) 及其升级版本T639L60(简称T639) 对2009—2010年西北太平洋热带气旋数值预报的结果进行对比。结果表明:T213与T639模式24～120 h预报平均距离误差基本相近,但由于T639模式分辨率较高,T639模式的热带气旋强度预报明显好于T213模式。从分类误差来看,T639模式对于西北行登陆及转向热带气旋的路径预报好于T213模式,但对西行及北上热带气旋预报误差偏大。对于异常路径热带气旋预报,T639模式能较好预报环流形势的突然调整,对路径突变的热带气旋预报比T213模式有明显优势;从登陆类热带气旋预报的移向误差来看,T213模式存在东北偏北向系统性偏差,T639模式存在东北偏东向系统性偏差。     

The density functional calculations on the structural and electronic properties of the endohedral fullerene dimer (N2@C60)2

The generalised gradient approximation based on density functional theory is used to study the structural and electronic properties of the endohedral fullerene dimer (N₂@C₆₀)₂. Four N atoms sit at the cage centres in the form of two N_2 molecules. The density of states and Mulliken charge analysis explore that the energy levels from -6 to -10 eV are mainly influenced by the N₂ molecules.     

PROPAGATION OF 30-60 DAY LOW FREQUENCY OSCILLATIONS AND THEIR INFLUENCE UPON THE SUBTROPICAL WESTERLIES JET STREAM DURING NORTHERN HEMISPHERE WINTER*

Based on daily ECMWF gridpoint data of two winters during 1981-1983 including an ENSO year,propagation of low frequency oscillations(LFO) during Northern Hemisphere winters and their influences upon 30-60 day oscillations of the subtropical jet stream are studied with the statistical methods as complex empirical orthogonal function(CEOF) and so on.Results show that in the winter of a normal year(1981-1982),30-60 day oscillations in the subtropical zone are mainly in the northern and southern flanks of exit region of jet stream.In the ENSO year(1982-1983),they are mainly in the vicinity of entrance and exit regions of jet stream.Intraseasonal changes of subtropical jet stream manifested themselves as latitudinal fluctuation or longitudinal progression or regression of about 40 day period.There are marked differences between propagating passages of low frequency modes responsible for changes of subtropical jet stream in the normal year(1981-1982) and in the ENSO year(1982-1983).Changes of oscillation amplitude show obvious phases.In general,the one in late winter is stronger than that in early winter,strongest one occurs in February.     

Laboratory Kinetic Studies of the Reactions of Cl Atoms with Species of Biogenic Origin: δ3-Carene, Isoprene, Methacrolein and Methyl Vinyl Ketone

The rate coefficients for the reaction between atomic chlorine and a number of naturally occurring species have been measured at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure using the relative rate technique. The values obtained were (4.0 ± 0.8) × 10^-10, (2.1 ± 0.5) × 10^-10, (3.2 ± 0.5) × 10^-10, and (4.9 ± 0.5) × 10^-10 cm³ molecule^-1 s^-1, for reactions with isoprene, methyl vinyl ketone, methacrolein and 60/xxlarge948.gif" alt="delta" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">³-carene, respectively. The value obtained for isoprene compares favourably with previously reported values. No values have been reported to date for the rate constants of the other reactions.     

ANALYSIS ON THE SOURCE AND SINK OF KINETIC ENERGY OF ATMOSPHERIC 30-60 DAY PERIOD OSCILLATION AND THE PROBABLE CAUSES*

Based on ECMWF daily grid point data in summer(May-August),1981,the distribution features of the source and sink of kinetic energy of atmosphere 30-60 day oscillation,including its horizontal distribution characteristics and its vertical structure characteristics,are investigated systematically with diagnostic analysis methods over a latitude belt between 80°N and 60°S.Also,the probable reasons for the existence of the source and sink of low frequency kinetic energy(LFKE) are discussed preliminarily.Results show that the horizontal distribution of the sources and sinks of kinetic energy of atmospheric 30-60 day oscillation is extremely different.The significant sources and sinks of LFKE mainly exist in the oceans and the coastal regions of continents or islands in the mid-high latitudes.It is also found that,in the vertical direction,the sources and sinks of kinetic energy of 30-60 day oscillation display barotropic structure in the mid-high latitudes of both hemispheres,but dispaly baroclinic structure in the equtorial region,and in the horizontal direction,the sources and sinks mainly display zonal wave-like distribution.The source and sink of LFKE are determinded by ageostrophic wind effect,frictional effect,interaction between sub-grid-scale systems,nonlinear interaction,and the flux-divergence of LFKE transported by transient wind.There are some regional reasons for the generation of sources and sinks which are not completely identical in different areas.     

Nonseparable stationary anisotropic space–time covariance functions

Obtaining new and flexible classes of nonseparable spatio-temporal covariances and variograms has resulted a key point of research in the last years. The goal of this paper is to introduce and develop new spatio-temporal covariance models taking into account the problem of spatial anisotropy. Recent literature has focused on the problem of full symmetry and the problem of anisotropy has been overcome. Here we propose a generalization of Gneiting’s (J Am Stat Assoc 97:590–600, 2002a) approach and obtain new classes of stationary nonseparable spatio-temporal covariance functions which are spatially anisotropic. The resulting structures are proved to have certain interesting mathematical properties, together with a considerable applicability.Work partially funded by grant MTM2004-06231 from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education.