天目山柳杉树轮δ13C对华东地区降水序列的重建

对采自天目山的柳杉树轮进行交叉定年后,得到树轮的δ¹³C年序列。将δ¹³C年序列去除大气CO₂的影响,保留其高频振荡部分。利用华东地区部分气象站的降水资料,通过主成份分析,分析了降水与树轮δ¹³C之间的关系。考虑滞后效应,利用回归方法重建了过去一百多年来的华东地区不同时段的降水序列,并分析其变化特征。     

FBS-3A型反馈式宽频带地震计电流标定方法研究

随着时间的推移和环境条件的缓慢变化，地震计各部件的性能参数会有所改变，及时了解这种变化并加以控制和调整，有助于提高地震计输出结果的可信度．所以，一台地震计无论在交付使用前，还是在使用过程中，都需要进行标定．目前，比较常用的标定方法有方波电流标定和正弦电流标定．本文从系统分析的角度出发，在分析得到地震计传递函数的基础上，将方波电流标定和正弦电流标定过程进行理论抽象，进而在复频域对两种电流标定过程进行仿真推导；并在此基础上，讨论了方波电流标定输出曲线与地震计固有参数之间以及正弦电流标定的稳态输出与标定电流之间的关系，并且论述了两组特定频率正弦电流的标定输出之间的关系．最后，作为理论分析在实践中的具体应用，给出了两种电流标定过程在实际工作中的应用方法．本文旨在阐明两种常用的电流标定方法的物理意义，对地震计的调试及应用有积极的参考作用．      

排除油田深水井动态干扰因素的一种方法

为了适应油田地下水动态观测资料的处理，有效地排除干扰，对Weiner滤波方法进行了改进，利用改进后的方法，处理了胜利油田东水-3井的观测资料，结果表明，利用该方法可以较好地消除各种干扰对地下水动态观测的影响。     

Numerical modeling calculation for the spatial distribution characteristics of horizontal field transfer functions

Introduction There are two kinds of methods for the mathematic study on electro-magnetic induction in geo-field: one is analytic method, such as integral equation method; the other is numerical model-ing method, such as finite difference method and finite element method. The analytic method can only be applied to the conductor with very simple shape, such as sphere, circular cylinder, etc. With the increasing of computing speed and popularity of computer, the numerical modeling methods are use…     

面向国土资源调查的地理信息系统集成方案研究

分析国内外国土资源调查中GIS方法研究和应用的现状和趋势 ,提出基于多层次GIS集成的国土资源大调查思路 ,介绍和总结在大调查中应该关注的地理信息系统方法和应用。同时指出我国国土资源大调查的重点在开展微型化嵌入式GIS、三维 /四维GIS、网络GIS等方面的研究。     

SO4^2—、NO3^—对氯同位素测定的干扰及其消除

在石墨存在下用正热电离质谱法测定 Cs2 Cl+正离子是氯同位素测定的最佳方法 ,但实验过程中发现 ,SO42 - 和 NO3- 的存在对测定的干扰较严重。在系统地研究了 SO42 - 和 NO3- 对氯同位素测定影响的基础上 ,定性地给出了在 SO42 -和 NO3-影响下 ,部分仪器聚焦参数的变化 ,并对影响的机理做了一些解释。着重探讨了不产生影响的 SO42 - 和 NO3- 的最高浓度及 SO42 - 和 NO3- 的消除方法 ,以期指导相关的工作     

直流电法在探测老窑采空区的应用

在各种工程地质、环境地质中、对地下采空区的探测是地球物理勘探的一项重要内容。文章从物性参数研究、技术方法择方面入手，探讨了直流电法探测老窑采空区的可行性，并以实例介绍了解决该问题所取得的经验。     

Three-dimensional Q structure in Jiashi earthquake region of Xinjiang

3-D S-waveQ structure in Jiashi earthquake region is inverted based on the attenuation of seismic waves recorded from earthquakes in this region in 1998 by the Research Center of Exploration Geophysics (RCEG), CSB, and a rough configuration of deep crustal faults in the earthquake region is presented. First, amplitude spectra of S-waves are extracted from 450 carefully-chosen earthquake records, called observed amplitude spectra. Then, after instrumental and site effect correction, theoretical amplitude spectra are made to fit observed amplitude spectra with nonlinear damped least-squares method to get the observed travel time overQ, provided that earthquake sources conform to Brune’s disk dislocation model. Finally, by 3-D ray tracing method, theoretical travel time overQ is made to fit observed travel time overQ with nonlinear damped least-squares method. In the course of fitting, the velocity model, which is obtained by 3-D travel time tomography, remains unchanged, while onlyQ model is modified. When fitting came to the given accuracy, the ultimateQ model is obtained. The result shows that an NE-trending lowQ zone exists at the depths of 10–18 km, and an NW-trending lowQ zone exists at the depths of 12–18 km. These roughly coincide with the NE-trending and the NW-trending low velocity zones revealed by other scientists. The difference is that the lowQ zones have a wider range than the low velocity zones. Foundation item: Joint Seismological Science Foundation of China (957-07-414) and State Key Basic Research Development and Programming Project (95-13-02-02). Contribution No. RCEG200105, Research Center of Exploration Geophysics, China Seismological Bureau.