东营凹陷沙四段碳酸盐岩稀土元素地球化学特征

东营凹陷古近系沙河街组碳酸盐岩的成因一直存在湖相与海相之争。沙四段碳酸盐岩呈厚薄不等的夹层赋于陆相碎屑岩中。本文对研究区代表性碳酸盐岩样品稀土元素地球化学特征的分析表明：东营凹陷古近系沙四段碳酸盐岩的∑LREE〉∑MREE〉∑HREE,MREE相对于HREE富集;不具备Ce／Ce＊负异常特征;Y／Ho值为25．5～34．1,La／La＊值为0．99～1．21;Y／Ho—La／La＊呈负相关关系。所有这些特征均与湖相成因碳酸盐岩一致,沙四段碳酸盐岩的形成应为湖相成因。     

A Review of “Hurricanes of the Gulf of Mexico”

Books reviewed:

Bassin, Mark, Imperial Visions: Nationalist Imagination and Geographical Expansion in the Russian Far East, 1840 – 1865

Shortridge, James R., Our Town on the Plains: J. J. Pennell's Photographs of Junction City, Kansas, 1893 – 1922

Jakle, John A. and Sculle, Keith A., Fast Food: Roadside Restaurants in the Automobile Age

Boeschenstein, Walter, Historic American Towns along the Atlantic Coast

McKee, Jesse O., Ethnicity in Contemporary America: A Geographical Appraisal

Luciuk, Lubomyr Y., Searching for Place: Ukrainian Displaced Persons, Ottawa, and the Migration of Memory

Hausladen, Gary, Places for Dead Bodies

Phillips, Richard, Watt, Diane and Shuttleton, David, De-Centering Sexualities: Politics and Representations beyond the Metropolis

Goldin, Liliana R., Identities on the Move, Transnational Processes in North America and the Caribbean Basin

McDonald, David A., On Borders: Perspectives on International Migration in Southern Africa

Fox, Roddy and Rowntree, Kate, The Geography of South Africa in a Changing World

Takeuchi, Keiichi, Modern Japanese Geography: An Intellectual History

Amery, Hussein A., and Wolf, Aaron T., Water in the Middle East: A Geography of Peace

Karl, Thomas R., Nicholls, Neville and Ghazi, Anver, Weather and Climate Extremes: Changes, Variations, and a Perspective from the Insurance Industry

Pittman, Blair, Texas Caves     

芦山“4·20”地震后宝兴县城打水沟泥石流发育趋势及防治方案

打水沟为宝兴河右岸的一级支流,位于宝兴县城城区,流域面积1.01 km2,主沟长度1.85 km,主沟比降640‰.受芦山“4·20”地震的影响,流域中下游直接引发了大量的崩滑体,加之地形陡峻,且位于青衣江-鹿头山暴雨区边缘,极容易发生泥石流.一旦发生泥石流,将会对沟口建筑和人员的安全造成巨大危害.通过对打水沟地震前后遥感影像的解译,结合野外考察,综合判定该沟为地震触发的潜在性泥石流沟.进一步分析估算,由于地震震动导致流域内发育6处崩塌体,总面积20375 m2,松散固体物质总量为15.20×l04m3.在分析泥石流形成条件与发展趋势的基础上,提出了打水沟泥石流减灾方案,并对泥石流排导槽梯形最佳过流横断面进行了设计.通过计算分析得到,在排泄设计标准的泥石流时,排导槽的最佳过流断面宽度为2.38 m,深度为2.23 m.     

From data to decision-making – experiences in Integrated Earth Observation (IEO)

Within the confines of Earth Observation Scientific Knowledge and Technology Transfer in Hungary (EKAT) titled ESA PECS project we gained forum for utilization of our earth observation (EO) knowledge and possibility for further development of experiences. The project aims the horizontal preparation of Hungary for ESA membership – for a dynamically developing sphere in the common part of science, technology and business. For the efficient transfer and dissemination, we preconceived target groups and principles to reach main take-up points and to open new forums of information exchange. Nowadays, user-friendly service, complex supply and real-validation process all have great importance. Joining units of suitable data choice, entire ingestion–processing chains and ergonomic interfaces can only offer a timely and professional solution for the challenges of industry and business sectors. It has to be clearly seen, that information and communication technologies (ICT) and information control becomes a more and more significant part of EO services.     

新世纪俄罗斯找矿地球化学

在系统跟踪研究国内外地质期刊文献的基础上,梳理了新世纪找矿地球化学面临形势和存在的重大问题,全面总结了近十年来,俄罗斯有关找矿地球化学基础理论和方法论、区域地球化学调查方法与应用,以及地质-地球化学找矿模型的研制与应用等众多方面的思路和做法。研究认为,俄罗斯首创的多目标地球化学填图技术可有效地提高国家地质图的质量,为矿产资源量的综合评价和生态环境的评估及一系列基础问题的解决,提供详细的信息。同时,还指出俄罗斯地球化学家为解决新世纪的找矿问题,加大了技术创新,重点聚焦于提高地球化学找矿信号的衬度和强度,提高运用地质-地球化学找矿模型的效用,完善处理地球化学数据的计算技术,以实现地球化学场与地质、地球物理场的综合等,诸创新点和思路值得参考借鉴。     

川南观音场-瓦市地区须家河组六段储层特征及其控制因素

通过对4条野外剖面、40口并岩心样品及84张薄片的观察和测井等资料的分析,对川南观音场一瓦市地区须六段的岩石学特征、孔隙类型、孔隙结构及孔渗特征等进行了深入研究。结果表明：川南地区须六段岩性主要为中-细粒长石岩屑砂岩和岩屑石英砂岩,孔隙度在6％～10％之间,平均孔隙度为7．3％。渗透率为0．03×10^-3μm^2～0．9×1010^-3μm^2平均渗透率为0．177×1010^-3μm^2储层属于典型的低孔低渗储层,储集空间主要为粒间孔和粒内溶孔。在平面上,储层物性受沉积相带的控制;在垂向上,随深度的增加,压实作用和胶结作用使物性急剧变差。绿泥石的环边胶结作用、长石的溶蚀作用对储层物性起建设性作用,构造作用极大地改善了储层的物性。     

新20号井水位异常特征分析

运用mapsis软件前兆异常分析中的差分、从属函数和变差对新20号井水位进行异常识别,结果认为:(1)差分、从属函数和变差异常形态均为高值异常;(2)差分和变差对近场M<,s>≥5地震漏报率较高,但有异常出现时,后续往往有地震对应,而从属函数对近场M<,s>≥5映震率为66.7%,对远场M<,s>≥7映震率为71.4%...     

胜坨地区沙四上亚段物源体系分析

物源问题的研究对于了解和确定研究区有利沉积相带及储集砂体的分布、寻找有利油气储集层具有重要意义。胜坨地区沙四上勘探程度相对较低,前人关于目的层段的物源体系的研究成果很少。为了进一步查清研究区沙四上沉积时期砂体成因和物源方向,更好地预测砂体的分布,本文综合运用地震、测井、地球化学等资料,采用古地貌分析法、沉积砂体岩屑类型对比法、砂岩百分含量法和沉积物特征元素等方法探讨了胜坨地区沙四上亚段砂体的物源方向,并结合特征元素物源指数判别公式对沙四上亚段物源体系实现了定量评价。综合分析认为研究区沙四上亚段具有多物源体系特征,除了直接来自于胜北断层和坨94断层上升盘的物源外,还有沿着胜北断层与坨94断层转换带处的物源体系。     

走进新时代的中国城市地理学——建所70周年城市地理与城市发展研究成果及展望

本文回顾了中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所建所70年城市地理与城市发展研究的变迁历程,并将其划分为缓慢探索阶段(1949-1980年)、积极参与阶段(1981-1990年)、快速拓展阶段(1991-2000年)和逐步深化阶段(2000年以来)4大阶段,系统总结了城市地理科研工作者在中国设市预测与规划调整、中国城镇体系规划...     

Soil fertility evolution and landscape dynamics in a Mediterranean area: a case study in the Sant Llorenç Natural Park (Barcelona, NE Spain)

The cartography of land covers was used to study fertility and soil evolution in a mountainous Mediterranean area during the anthropocene period ( Crutzen P J 2002 Geology of mankind Nature 415 23). The aim was to determine changes in fertility as agricultural lands were abandoned in the 14 000 hectare area that constitutes Sant Llorenç del Munt Natural Park in a pre-coastal Catalan mountain range (north-eastern Iberian Peninsula). The analysis of land covers using vegetation maps, orthorectified images and aerial photography has allowed us to differentiate six vegetation groups: holm-oak wood, pine grove, oak wood, scrub, active agricultural fields and abandoned agricultural fields. The anthropic covers over the past 100 years were subdivided into five categories: active fields and those abandoned over four time periods. Study variables include field shape (concave, convex, flat), orientation (north, south) and slope (ranging from 12º to 24º). The parameters used for the physical-chemical soil analysis included organic material, phosphorous and potassium; fertility was classified based on groups, types and classes. The results indicate that even when the visual appearance of certain landscapes is similar, the edaphic characteristics may be very different. Changes induced by human disturbance share this phenomenon. Therefore, land management should be considered globally, taking into account vegetation, soils and water as interdependent factors, since it is their interaction that produces landscape and most affects its evolution over time.