苏里格气田苏6井区下石盒子组盒8段沉积相特征

苏6井区是鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格气田主要产气区，主产层为中二叠统下石盒子组第8段，其沉积相类型及特征长期倍受众多研究机构和学者的争议。根据钻井、测井及岩芯分析化验资料,结合前人研究成果，认为苏6井区盒8段属河流沉积体系，其中盒8下段为辫状河，盒8上段为曲流河。在深入细致的微相分析基础上，分别建立了缓坡型辫状河与多河道低弯度曲流河两种沉积模式，认为最有利的储集砂体主要为高能水道心滩和边滩叠置砂体，其次为河床滞留砂体。上述沉积相类型划分和沉积模式的建立为包括苏6井区在内的整个苏里格气田储集相带预测、储层评价以及大规模开发奠定基础。     

Lacustrine oxygen isotope record of 20th-century climate change in central EuropeL evaluation of climatic controls on oxygen isotopes in precipitation

We report oxygen isotope data from a 108-yr (1885–1993) sequence with annual laminae of bio-induced authigenic calcite in a frozen core from Baldeggersee, a small lake in Central Switzerland. These isotope results provide proxy data on the isotopic composition of past precipitation in the Baldeggersee catchment region and are quantitatively compared with instrumental climate data (i.e. mean annual air temperature and atmospheric circulation pattern indices) to evaluate climatic controls on oxygen isotopes in precipitation.Monitoring the isotope hydrology of Baldeggersee demonstrates that the oxygen isotopic composition of the lake water is controlled by the isotopic composition of local atmospheric precipitation (¹⁸O_p) and that the isotopic signal of precipitation is preserved, albeit damped, in the lake calcite oxygen isotope record (¹⁸O_c). Comparison of the calcite oxygen isotope proxy for ¹⁸O_p in the catchment with historical mean annual air temperature measurements from Bern, Switzerland confirms that authigenic calcite reliably records past annual air temperature in the region. This ¹⁸O_c/temperature relationship is calculated to be 0.39/°C for the period 1900–1960, based on an isotope mass-balance model for Baldeggersee. An exception is a 0.8 anomalous negative shift in calcite ¹⁸O values since the 1960s. Possible explanations for this recent ¹⁸O_c shift, as it is not related to mean annual air temperature, include changes in ¹⁸O_p due to synoptic circulation patterns. In particular, the 0.8 negative shift coincides with a trend towards a more dominant North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index. This circulation pattern would tend to bring more isotopically more negative winter precipitation to the region and could account for the 0.8 offset in ¹⁸O_c data.     

A mathematical and numerical model for reactive fluid flow systems

We formulate mathematical and numerical models for multispecies, multi-phase and non-isothermal reactive fluid flow in porous media focusing on the chemical reactions and the transport of solutes. Mass conservation and stability in the time integration are emphasized. We use cell-centered finite volume differencing in space and an implicit Runge-Kutta method in time. Assuming two space dimensions, we introduce flux approximation for arbitrarily shaped convex quadrilaterals. On equidistant and variable sized rectangular grids we choose limited κ= related schemes to approximate the advective flux and the central difference scheme for the diffusive flux. On non-rectangular grids we recommend the VF9 scheme for the estimation of the diffusive flux. Our model exists as a code. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Wave forecasting at the Spanish coasts

A wave forecasting system developed by Puertos del Estado (The Spanish holding of harbours) to predict waves at the coast is run in a twice a day cycle with a forecasting horizon of 72 h. This system is driven by wind fields supplied by the Spanish Meteorological Service from the HIRLAM model. Nested within this model a set of local forecasting systems, one for each harbour, covering an area of around 25 × 25 km, has been developed. The narrowness of the Spanish continental shelf requires very high resolution grids to be applied to localised regions near the coast. This fact involves the use of modelling techniques that makes this forecasting system different from other systems implemented in other regions. This article describes the wave forecasting system and the different techniques developed at Puertos del Estado to implement it.     

济阳坳陷南部古近系洪水—漫湖沉积

利用钻井取心、薄片鉴定、粒度分析、古生物鉴定及测井解释等资料和手段,对济阳坳陷南部古近系孔一段到沙四段底部沉积特征进行研究.结果表明,济阳坳陷在孔一段至沙四段沉积早期处于湖盆裂陷初期,沉积作用明显受季节性洪水注入影响,在东营、惠民两凹陷形成洪水-漫湖沉积体系.其主要岩性特征为：岩石类型以反映氧化环境的浅色碎屑岩类为主,成熟度较低,粒度分布和沉积构造反映其兼有重力流和牵引流的沉积特点,植物碎屑贫乏而生物扰动构造丰富且具周期性,砂体呈环带状分布.该沉积体系分为洪水水道末端、泥坪、砂坪、砂泥混合坪和漫湖风暴等5个微相和侧缘远源、近岸远源两类相层序.     

淮北刘桥二矿七含涌(突)水机理研究

刘桥二矿在开采4煤过程中，七含突水次数达38次之多，严重影响煤矿安全生产。文章在系统地分析刘桥二矿七含涌突水概况的基础上，提出了该矿七含涌突水的主要机理为断裂构造的控制作用和矿山压力的促进作用；指出了砂岩含水层的裂隙发育程度和富水性强弱、煤层的厚度、断层的作用以及4煤与含水层之间隔水层厚度的大小等，是影响工作面涌水的主要因素。研究结果对煤矿砂岩水害的有效防治具有重要的指导意义。     

20世纪云南地震活动研究

２０世纪云南地区地震活动以极高的频度、强度和成灾率而位居我国大陆之前列。本通过对过去百年地震活动所做的研究作一总结,归纳出一系列关于 区地震活动规律及其控制地震孕育发展的地球动力过程的基本认识,以期对将要进入的２１世纪的地震监测布局、成因研究、预测预报工作有一定的指导作用。     

日本新国土规划与地方规划的相互关系

1998年日本政府制定了第五次国土规划——《21世纪的宏伟蓝图》,该规划是在国际上日益重视环境与人类协调发展的背景下,根据日本后工业化社会的特点制定的。该国土规划制定了国家在21世纪前10～15年发展的方针政策和目标。通过介绍、分析日本第五次国土规划与地方政府规划中的内容及联系,总结出日本国土规划与地方规划的相互关系,旨在对中国国家和地方规划的制定提供可资借鉴的经验。     

日月引潮力与地震

本文通过对 1 90 0～ 1 996年全球的M≥ 7.0的全部地震发生在日、月引潮力极值与非极值附近的轮次检验 ,从而揭示出地震的发生与日月引潮力有着密切的关系。并根据日、月引潮力的计算结果 ,从现代构造应力场特征与强震的震源机制 ,讨论了在地震的触发中起重要作用的可能是引潮力的水平分力。     

桶形基础采油平台三维有限元稳定性计算分析

采用三维有限元计算方法对CB20B桶形基础海上采油平台进行了稳定性计算分析。平台工作期间在外部荷载如风力、波浪、冰力、海流等作用下,其抗倾、抗滑稳定性不仅与平台的整体结构有关,而且和海底土体的力学特性以及结构与土体的相互作用密切相关。分析结果表明CB20B桶形基础平台在设计条件下运行是较为稳定的。