A Check on the Cardassian Expansion Model with Type－IaSupernovae Data

We use the magnitude-redshift relation for the type Ia supernova datacompiled by Riess et al. to analyze the Cardassian expansion scenario. This sce-nario assumes the universe to be flat, matter dominated, and accelerating, but contains no vacuum contribution.The best fitting model parameters are H0=65.3kms^-1 Mpc^-1, n= 0.35 and Ω= 0.05. When the highest redshift supernova,SN 1997ck, is excluded, H0 remains the same, but n becomes 0.20 and Ωm, 0.15, and the matter density remains unreasonably low. Our result shows that this particular scenario is strongly disfavoured by the SNeIa data.     

The Relation between the Critical Accretion Rate of Progenitors of SNe Ia and Metallicity

A carbon-oxygen white dwarf may explode in a Type Ia supernova by accreting matter from its companion via either Roche lobe overflow or from winds, but there exists a critical accretion rate of the progenitor system for the explosion. We study the relation between the critical accretion rate and the metallicity via an AGB star approach. The result indicates that the critical accretion rate depends not only on the hydrogen mass fraction and the white dwarf mass, but also on the metallicity. The effect of the metallicity is smaller than that of the white dwarf mass. We show that it is reasonable to use the model with stellar mass 1.6 M⊙for real white dwarfs.     

电荷屏蔽与超新星前身星阶段电子俘获

利用核的壳层模型，讨论了电荷屏蔽对超新星的前身星阶段一些较丰的核在一些重要的温度－密度点的电子俘获率的影响，结果表明由于电荷屏蔽的作用基电子丰度变化率下降了10－20％。     

两颗IIn型超新星的观测研究(英文)

介绍了PTF10gvf和PTF10gvd两颗IIn型超新星的测光和光谱的观测情况,并对这两颗超新星做了精确测光和光谱拟合。通过对光谱的分析,得到这两颗超新星的抛射物的外层激波速度为~103km/s,其前身星的星风速度为~102km/s,并根据ChugaiDanziger(1994)提出的方法计算了它们的前身星质量损失率。PTF10gvf的质量损失率为~10-2M⊙/yr,PTF10gvd的质量损失率为~10-4M⊙/yr。由于这些物理参数与亮蓝变星星风速度和质量损失率的典型值相符合,推测这两颗IIn型超新星的前身星有可能是亮蓝变星。这个结论为IIn超新星与亮蓝变星之间的联系提供了支持,与之前Gal-Yam A V等人得到的结果一致。     

Molecular Gas Distribution around the Supernova Remnant G40.5-0.5

The distribution of dense molecular gas around the supernova remnant G40.5-0.5 has been investigated by radio spectroscopic observations in the CO (J = 1-0) transition. The molecular gas is found to extend over the entire region of G40.5-0.5. A molecular shell, with a diameter of - 26', coincides with the ionized gas as revealed by the cm-radio observations. This coincidence, along with the velocity discontinuity following the shell, provides direct evidence for interaction between the ionized gas and the dense molecular gas. No clear evidence for cosmic-ray acceleration can be identified from this SNR as previously suggested, due to positional uncertainty in relating the SNR shell defined by CO to the EGRET gamma-ray sources, GRO J1904 06, from the gamma-ray observations.     

盘状星系形成中的角动量问题

目前的星系形成理论认为，盘状星系由暗晕中的重子物质冷却并坍缩而成。在这一演化图像中，重子物质的角动量及其分布起着关键作用，它直接决定了盘状星系的结构。然而，在盘状星系形成和演化的各种解析、半解析模型及数值模拟中，出现了一系列与角动量有关的问题。其中包括角动量灾变(angular momentum catastrophe)及角动量分布不匹配(mismatch of angulamomentum profile)等。近年来，为解决此类问题，人们进行了大量的研究，引入并建立了各种机制和模型。详细表述了星系形成与演化中两类主要的角动量问题，并系统地综述了目前针对此类问题所提出的各种可能的解决方法和途径。     

新星在星际^26Al问题中的作用：星际^26Al的天体源泉问题之二

介绍和评述了有关星际＾２６Ａｌ问题的各种新星模型计算结果，阐述了我们对这一问题的研究和看法，指出了现今各种新星模型在星际＾２６Ａｌ问题上存在的严重困难。