阿拉尔至和田沙漠公路防风阻沙效应参数分布特征

以塔克拉玛干沙漠为研究区域,利用阿拉尔一和田沙漠公路沿线及周围15个气象水文站近50a来(1956-2007年)历史资料,结合沙漠腹部塔中气象站近10a来(1999-2007年)观测资料及近1a(200704-200804)野外科学考察和K127km监测资料,采用气候学、风沙物理学、流体力学、统计学相结合方法,提出沙漠公路防风阻沙效应动力参数:地形地貌、盛行风向、风速;影响参数:温度、沙表面温度、降水量、湿度、蒸发量,分析研究阿拉尔一和田沙漠公路防风阻沙效应环境气象参数分布特征及变化趋势,为沙漠公路未来养护以及生态环境保护提供科学依据.     

慈溪北部沿海风能资源的计算及分析

利用慈溪北部沿海滩涂现场测风资料,对拟建风电场的风能资源各参数进行了计算及分析,通过与其临近的气象站长年代风资料的对比分析发现,慈溪北部沿海滩涂风能资源丰富,40m高度的年平均风速大于6．0m／s,年有效风力时数超过7800h,大气湍流强度中等偏弱,适宜建设大型风电场。     

应变参数的抗差解及误差影响

应用弹性力学的应变分析理论和抗差估计原理,推导了应变参数的抗差解及其误差影响函数.实际算例表明,应变参数的抗差解可以有效地抵制粗差的异常影响,得到应变参数的可靠解,这对于利用高精度GPS复测资料研究大尺度的地壳运动和变形具有实际意义.     

渤海海冰微波散射特性研究

Microwave remote sensing has become the primary means for sea-ice research, and has been supported by a great deal of field experiments and theoretical studies regarding sea-ice microwave scattering. However, these studies have been barely carried in the Bohai Sea. The sea-ice microwave scattering mechanism was first developed for the thin sea ice with slight roughness in the Bohai Sea in the winter of 2012, and included the backscattering coefficients which were measured on the different conditions of three bands(L, C and X), two polarizations(HH and VV), and incident angles of 20° to 60°, using a ground-based scatterometer and the synchronous physical parameters of the sea-ice temperature, density, thickness, salinity, and so on. The theoretical model of the sea-ice electromagnetic scattering is obtained based on these physical parameters. The research regarding the sea-ice microwave scattering mechanism is carried out through two means, which includes the comparison between the field microwave scattering data and the simulation results of the theoretical model, as well as the feature analysis of the four components of the sea-ice electromagnetic scattering. It is revealed that the sea-ice microwave scattering data and the theoretical simulation results vary in the same trend with the incident angles. Also, there is a visible variant in the sensitivity of every component to the different bands.For example, the C and X bands are sensitive to the top surface, the X band is sensitive to the scatterers, and the L and C bands are sensitive to the bottom surface, and so on. It is suggested that the features of the sea-ice surfaces and scatterers can be retrieved by the further research in the future. This experiment can provide an experimental and theoretical foundation for research regarding the sea-ice microwave scattering characteristics in the Bohai Sea.     

基于压裂液返排数据的页岩油气藏裂缝参数反演方法

为及时评价水平井压裂效果、准确反演裂缝参数,提出基于页岩油气藏压裂液返排数据的裂缝参数反演方法.以不稳定渗流理论为基础,考虑裂缝—基质间油水或气水两相复合流动,以及流体在储层中的复杂渗流机理,建立渗流数学模型并进行半解析求解,形成一套划分两相流动阶段的诊断曲线和反演裂缝参数的直线分析法,对半解析模型进行数值模拟验证.美...     

质量负荷引起地表形变的格林函数和球谐函数方法对比研究

固体地球对地表质量负荷响应,一般采用格林函数或球谐函数方法来计算。两者在数学上是等价的,在实际计算中存在差异。应用地表流体质量负荷变化数据,定量分析了二者在计算地表位移时的精度。结果表明,同一负荷作用下对单点地表位移的计算,两者的精度在误差水平上是一致的,其计算效率也是一致的;但在计算全球1°规则网格站点时,球谐函数方法要比格林函数方法在计算效率上快近100倍。对地表流体质量变化而言,2°空间网格的分辨率一般可满足改正GPS位移数据的精度,且地表流体引起的站点垂直位移变化可解释超过50%的GPS观测方差。