VLA观测和Observe软件

Observe是用于制订甚大阵（the Very Large Array,VLA)观测件的软件。随着中国科学院创新工程的全面推进，利用VLA进行观测研究的中国天学家逐渐增多，Lbserve软件的使用也日前广泛，简要介绍了Observe的主要功能和应用；并结合2000年12月的观测件（AH721）的制订过程，给出了注意事项，供今后的VLA观测参考。     

Image Field Deformation of LAMOST due to Differential Atmospheric Refraction

A vectorial expression of the image field deformation of LAMOST due to the differential atmospheric refraction is presented. The calculated results are compared with those from previous analyses based on the traditional spherical trigonometric formulas. It is demonstrated that different tangential displacements of star images during the observation tracking given by various authors are simply due to different reference points adopted. It is pointed out that the observational celestial pole is the center of the apparent diurnal motion, that, by referring to the observational celestial pole, the effect of the differential refraction on the image field of LAMOST during the 1.5-hour tracking period is approximately equivalent to a constant rotation of -13.65" for all declination belts. It is therefore unnecessary to design a particular tracking velocity for each observation, and this will be obviously advantageous to the observation implementation. If the maximum tracking error of the fibers is 0.2", then the fibers are required to be able to re-position during observational tracking for sky regions south of declination 20°and north of declination 60°.     

VLBI资料处理软件系统CALC/SOLVE中的USER_PARTIAL功能

结合天测与测地VLBI资料处理中的实际工作需求 ,介绍了CALC SOLVE中的USERPARTIAL功能 ,并给出应用实例     

水文、大气和海洋对钱德勒摆动的激发

分析计算了由陆地上土壤湿度和积雪水当量变化引起的水文变化对钱德勒摆动的激发作用，并将其和大气、海洋激发一起与天文观测激发作了比较．结果表明，虽然水文激发在钱德勒频带上的激发能量很小，只能解释观测激发的平均能量约10％，但是在大气激发的基础上增加水文变化的激发作用，显著提高了与观测激发的相干系数和置信度水平．因此，水文变化对钱德勒摆动的激发作用是值得重视的激发因素之一．     

1979—1997年测地VLBI资料统计

对1979－1997年间测地VLBI资料，按测站网的观测时段、观测次数、台站组成和地理分布等特性进行了统计。     

The Q Values of the Galilean Satellites and their TidalContributions to the Deceleration of Jupiter＇s Rotation

The relationship between the k2/Q of the Galilean satellites and the k2J/QJ of Jupiter is derived from energy and momentum considerations. Calculations suggest that the Galilean satellites can be divided into two classes according to their Q values: Io and Ganymede have values between 10 and 50, while Europa and Callisto have values ranging from 200 to 700. The tidal contributions of the Galilean satellites to Jupiter‘s rotation are estimated. The main deceleration of Jupiter, which is about 99.04% of the total, comes from Io.     

Chaos in Compact Binaries with Frequency Map Analysis

The dynamics of compact binaries is very complicated because of spin-orbit coupling and spin-spin coupling. With Laskar's frequency map analysis (FMA) and frequency diffusion as an indicator, we found that misalignment of the spins and orbital angular momentum has a great effect on the dynamics, and for systems with different mass ratiosβ= m2/m1 chaos occurs at different spin-orbit configurations. For equal-mass binaries (β= 1), chaos occurs when the spins nearly cancel each other out. For some other systems (for exampleβ~ 1/2), the binaries are irregular, even chaotic, when the spins are perpendicular to the orbital angular momentum. For the case where gravitational radiation is taken into account, we give an analytic estimation for the frequency diffusion based on the decay of the orbit, which is roughly consistent with our simulations. This means the FMA is not suitable as a chaos indicator for weak chaotic cases with dissipative terms.     

地球科学探索

本书是一部涉及地球科学领域——宇宙天体（Universe）、陆地（Land）、海洋（Ocean）、极地（Polar region）研究的科技大全。书中分别对太阳系内外神秘星球的形成与演化；陆地和海洋表层与深部的物质组成、地层古生物、地质构造、各类矿产资源的生成、气候与环境的变化、生物的进化与灭绝、人类的出现；冰雪极地对全球变化的作用与影响等许多重大基础地质问题.以及一些神奇现象、不解之谜和新的发现等，综合了国内外众多天文学家、物理学家、地质学家、古生物学家、海洋学家的理论观点、认识见解和推论预测。