Fishery resources in arid zone mangroves in gulf of Kachchh, Gujarat, northwest coast of India

The finfish and shellfish resources were assessed quantitatively and qualitatively in regard to their abundance in creek waters at three sites within a period of two years, from January 1999 to December 2000, in the western mangrove areas of Kachchh. The catch rate varied from 0.69 to 6.99 kg h⁻¹. It was low during monsoon (July to October), which could be due to the freshwater-flow-induced salinity reduction in all the sites. Among 38 species recorded, 5 were shellfish and 33 were finfish. The spawning period of fishes was found to be during summer and early monsoon period (May to August). Surface water temperatures varied from 17 °C to 37 °C. Salinity values varied from 34 to 44 and the pH ranged between 7 and 8.9. Variation in dissolved oxygen content was from 3.42 to 5.85 mL L⁻¹. The high fishery densities in these semi arid mangrove creek areas were recorded during monsoon and early winter season.     

测定锰矿石中低含量钒的试验

化学分析工作要求测试快速、准确,低含量钒的测定因流程长,操作复杂,不易掌握,影响了推广使用。该试验采用分光光度法针对锰矿石中钒的测定进行了改进,取得了良好的效果。该法采用过氧化钠-碳酸钠熔融、水浸取,吸取清液依次加入硝酸、磷酸、钨酸钠溶液生成可溶性的黄色磷钨钒酸络合物,测量其吸光度,大大提高了分析效率。     

长江口水域悬沙含量时空变化卫星遥感定量研究方法探讨

悬沙含量是反映细颗粒物质在水层中的输运和再悬浮过程的重要指标,对沉积环境和沉积过程的研究有着非常重要的作用,是联系动力作用和地貌演变的纽带[1].细颗粒物质是营养盐、有机物和重金属输送的载体,因此研究细颗粒物质的运移对河口和海洋环境及生态的影响有着重要的意义[2].由于河口地区同时受到河流径流和潮流的影响,径流的水沙输运、潮流和波浪等的动力都对悬浮泥沙含量有影响.河口地区悬沙含量既可以指示沉积物来源、输运量的变化,又可以显示沉积动力作用的变化,这两种影响因素的时间尺度不同,但它们会共同影响悬沙含量的大小和分布.在我国长江等大河每年的水沙输运量十分巨大.     

疯狂的宇宙质子

天文学家们证实：一颗超新星（巨型恒星爆炸死亡之后的残骸）将激波发射到太空中,产生了带有极大能量的宇宙射线粒子。这些发现报道在《科学》杂志上,将使科学家们对于宇宙中一些更为奇异的现象有更加深刻的理解。     

基于GPS数据的南极DAV1站TEC研究分析

综合利用TEC两种多项式模型的优点,处理了南极DAV1站2001～2004年GPS观测数据,分析了DAV1站TEC变化规律及其与太阳活动之间可能存在的关系。     

估算混合植被叶绿素含量的理想波段分析

应用Lopex数据库评价了19个波谱指数对物种的敏感性, 分析了叶绿素含量与波谱反射率以及波谱导数的相关性, 目的在于探寻对叶绿素含量变化的敏感性, 对物种和叶片结构变化不敏感的理想波段, 应用大尺度遥感数据估算混合植被冠层叶绿素含量。分析结果表明：红边指数对混合植被的叶绿素含量具有较好的指示作用;估算冠层叶绿素含量的理想波段为698—710nm附近较窄的波段范围;对于波谱导数, 估算混合植被叶绿素含量的理想波段范围为720—735nm和535—550nm附近波谱导数。     

澳大利亚发现锡、钨和铁资源

据2月11日澳大利亚Venture Minerals Limited公司宣布,在塔斯马尼亚西北部MountLindsay的锡铁矿项目中发现了未经开采的锡和钨资源。据推断此矿含锡资源量2300万吨,按0．2％的锡含量计算,共含锡46000吨。已确定的钨矿共570万吨,含WO3 0．3％,合计14000吨。日前,还公布的已探测出含铁量为33％的3000万吨铁矿。     

大叶藻的热值和元素含量(碳、氮、磷)及其相关性 *

提要:选取辽宁獐子岛近岸海域大叶藻样品,对其根系、根状茎和不同生长阶段叶片的灰分含量、热值和元素含量(碳、氮、磷)及其相关性进行研究,结果表明：在不同生长阶段,叶片长度随着生长顺序先增大后减小;灰分含量随着叶片生长逐渐升高,且极显著小于根状茎和根系(P<0.01);不同部位干质量热值差异极显著(P<0.01),以初生叶最高,为14894.36±40.25 Jg-1,后逐渐减小,在根系中最小,为8153.81±78.91 Jg-1;不同生长阶段叶片的去灰分热值差异不大,但大于根系和根状茎;碳氮磷含量均呈同一趋势：初生叶>幼叶>成熟叶1>成熟叶2>衰老叶>根状茎>根系;N/P比值为12.23,说明大叶藻存在N限制;N/P比值在根状茎中最大,根系中最小,这说明大叶藻存在能量的转移和存贮;大叶藻不同部位灰分含量与干质量热值、去灰分热值、碳含量、氮含量、磷含量之间呈极显著的负相关(P<0.01),干质量热值与碳含量、氮含量、磷含量之间呈极显著的正相关(P<0.01);大叶藻不同部位的热值与碳氮磷元素含量之间均呈显著的线性关系(P<0.05)。     

Variation of Indo-Pacific upper ocean heat content during 2001–2012 revealed by Argo

Understanding of the temporal variation of oceanic heat content(OHC) is of fundamental importance to the prediction of climate change and associated global meteorological phenomena. However, OHC characteristics in the Pacific and Indian oceans are not well understood. Based on in situ ocean temperature and salinity profiles mainly from the Argo program, we estimated the upper layer(0–750 m) OHC in the Indo-Pacific Ocean(40°S–40°N, 30°E–80°W). Spatial and temporal variability of OHC and its likely physical mechanisms are also analyzed. Climatic distributions of upper-layer OHC in the Indian and Pacific oceans have a similar saddle pattern in the subtropics, and the highest OHC value was in the northern Arabian Sea. However, OHC variabilities in the two oceans were different. OHC in the Pacific has an east-west see-saw pattern, which does not appear in the Indian Ocean. In the Indian Ocean, the largest change was around 10°S. The most interesting phenomenon is that, there was a long-term shift of OHC in the Indo-Pacific Ocean during 2001–2012. Such variation coincided with modulation of subsurface temperature/salinity. During 2001–2007, there was subsurface cooling(freshening)nearly the entire upper 400 m layer in the western Pacific and warming(salting) in the eastern Pacific. During2008–2012, the thermocline deepened in the western Pacific but shoaled in the east. In the Indian Ocean, there was only cooling(upper 150 m only) and freshening(almost the entire upper 400 m) during 2001–2007. The thermocline deepened during 2008–2012 in the Indian Ocean. Such change appeared from the equator to off the equator and even to the subtropics(about 20°N/S) in the two oceans. This long-term change of subsurface temperature/salinity may have been caused by change of the wind field over the two oceans during 2001–2012, in turn modifying OHC.     

海南省海岸带典型区域海水入侵现状评价

基于海南省东部和南部海岸带地区地下水现场监测数据和室内水化学测定数据,研究了各水化学指标间的相关性,分析了区域海水入侵现状。研究结果表明地下水中Cl~–与Na~+的变异系数较高,与矿化度(TDS)具有强的相关性;以m(Cl~–)(m表示质量浓度)和TDS分别作为评价因子开展了海水入侵现状评价,结果表明研究区域内地下水未受到海水入侵的影响;m(Na~+)/m(Cl~–)、 m(Cl~–)/m(HCO_3~–)、m(Cl~–)/m(SO_4~(2–))、m(Ca~(2+))/m(Na~+)、m(Ca~(2+))/m(Mg~(2+))、钠吸附比(SAR)与m(Cl~–)的相关性分析结果表明m(Na~+)/m(Cl~–)、m(Ca~(2+))/m(Na~+)、m(Ca~(2+))/m(Mg~(2+))以及SAR4个参数可以作为海南省海水入侵判定的评价因子。研究结果对建设海南省"国际旅游岛"战略目标,指导当地合理利用地下水具有参考价值。