宇宙画廊

星际中的骑行者 这张照片让人联想丰富,你可以把它想织为一个发光的盘子,也可以把它看作一个方头方脑的螃蟹,或者是一个戴着头盔的摩托车手。     

气球硬X射线探测中方位,仰角的测试电路

本叙述了高空气球探测硬Ｘ射线方位、仰角的测试电路。在气球探测中，方位、仰角的测试是至关重要的一环。是关系到整个探测成功与否的关键。设计中尽可能简单、可靠。方位顺时针、反时针皆顺转自如，其方位角测量范围为０￣３６０°，其精度０．１°；俯仰顺时针、逆时针顺转自如，仰角测量范围０￣９０°，甚至到１２０°也可，其精度为０．１°。     

The Effect of Central Baryonic Cores in Dark Halos on the Evaluation of Strong Lensing Probabilities

We present an estimate of the strong lensing probability by dark halos, with emphasis on the role of the baryonic matter arising purely from radiative cooling. We treat the contribution of the cooled baryons optimistically with all the cooled baryons confined within a central core, and including no feedback process from stellar evolution. Our two-component model provides a strong lensing probability that is in good agreement with the observed distribution of multiple images of quasars, provided that the cooled baryons are deposited within a spherical region of radius of 0.1 times the virial radius and follow an isothermal profile. It is pointed out that strong lensing may be used as an additional probe‘of baryon physics in dark halos though this may meanwhile complicate the test of the inner density profiles of dark matter in halos using the observed strong lensing probability.     

Milestones in the Observations of Cosmic Magnetic Fields

Magnetic fields are observed everywhere in the universe. In this review, we concentrate on the observational aspects of the magnetic fields of Galactic and extragalactic objects. Readers can follow the milestones in the observations of cosmic magnetic fields obtained from the most important tracers of magnetic fields, namely, the star-light polarization, the Zeeman effect, the rotation measures (RMs, hereafter) of extragalactic radio sources, the pulsar RMs, radio polarization observations, as well as the newly implemented sub-mm and mm polarization capabilities. The magnetic field of the Galaxy was first discovered in 1949 by optical polarization observations. The local magnetic fields within one or two kpc have been well delineated by starlight polarization data. The polarization observations of diffuse Galactic radio background emission in 1962 confirmed unequivocally the existence of a Galactic magnetic field. The bulk of the present information about the magnetic fields in the Galaxy comes from anal     

The Amplitude of Mass Fluctuations and Mass Density of the Universe Constrained by Strong Gravitational Lensing

We investigate the linear amplitude of mass fluctuations in the universe, σ8, and the present mass density parameter of the Universe, Ωm, from statistical strong gravitational lensing. We use the two population model of lens halos with fixed cooling mass scale Mc = 3×1013h-1M⊙ to match the observed lensing probabilities, and leave σ8 orΩm as a free parameter to be constrained by the data. Another varying parameter, the equation of state of dark energy ω, and its typical values of -1, -2/3, -1/2 and -1/3 are investigated. We find that σ8 is degenerate with Ωm in a way similar to that suggested by present day cluster abundance as well as cosmic shear lensing measurements: σ8Ω0.6m≈0.33. However, both σ8≤0.7 and Ωm≤0.2 can be safely ruled out, the best fit is when σ8 = 1.0, Ωm = 0.3 and ω= - 1. This result is different from that obtained by Bahcall & Bode, who gave σ8 = 0.98±0.1 and Ωm = 0.17 ±0.05. For σ8 = 1.0, the higher value ofΩm = 0.35 requires ω = -2/3 and Ωm = 0.40 require     

动态网页数据库教学方法探索

以任务教学法和难题教学法为理论基础,研究了在学科教学当中,如何用最有效的方法帮助学生建立动态网页数据库的知识体系.从实践层面上分析了网页数据库教学的基本特点,并提出了该课程教学的若干原则.在实践层面上,为同行工作者提供了一个可供借鉴的课程模型,最终达到培养学生的兴趣和能力的双重教学目的.     

有关宇宙水的近期研究进展

本文介绍有关宇宙水的研究的新进展,事实上现在振动基态6_(16)-5_(23)水脉泽(λ=1.3cm)已不再是可以用来研究宇宙水的唯一谱线了。由于科学技术的进步,振动基态的一些其他水脉泽,振动激发态的一些发射线与吸收线已变得可以探测。宇宙水除了1.3cm波段外,还可以通过在毫米、亚毫米、红外波段的多种谱线来进行研究,取得更丰富、更全面的天文信息。