南极的暖季

南极的暖季是南极鸟类的孵化期,贼鸥、雪燕等鸟类都会在暖季下蛋孵化,一个个小鸟就会在南极的暖季出生、成长,在南极寒季来临前已经长大的小鸟们就会跟着大鸟飞离南极大陆,到第二年的暖季会再次回到南极大陆来捕食、繁衍后代。     

Impacts of solar UV radiation on grazing, lipids oxidation and survival of Acartia pacifica Steuer (Copepod)

UV radiation is known to affect aquatic primary producers and their grazers. However, little has been documented on its effects on zooplankton grazing. In this study, the authors investigated the effects of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, 400-700 nm), ultraviolet-A (UV-A, 320-400 nm) and ultraviolet-B (UV-B, 280-320 nm) radiation on grazing, mortality and lipids oxidation of the copepod Acartia pacifica collected from the Xiamen Bay. After 30 min of the exposures, the copepod was fed in darkness with the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum at two cell concentrations (2.5 × 10 4 and 2.5 × 10 5 cells/ml). At the low cell concentration, the individuals pre-exposed to PAR (218.0 W/m 2 )+UV-A (48.2 W/m 2 ) or PAR+UV-A+UV-B (2.1 W/m 2 ) showed suppressed clearance and grazing activities compared with those receiving PAR alone, by 22.7% and 17.1% for clearance and by 22.6% and 5.5% for grazing rates, respectively. However, the suppression on clearance and grazing became indistinctive at the high food concentration. Exposures to UV-A and UV-B led to increased lipid oxidation and higher mortality, furthermore, the mortality linearly increased with enhanced oxidation of lipid.     

黄海、东海上空春季气溶胶光学特性观测分析

2003年春季国家卫星海洋应用中心等几家单位在黄海和东海海区进行了为期40 d的二类水体信息测量试验,试验中使用手持太阳辐射计对海区上空大气光学特性进行了观测,并获得了大量晴空天气条件下的大气光学数据.利用本次试验获取的测量数据得到了黄海、东海海区春季的大气气溶胶光学特性,其中包括气溶胶光学厚度和气溶胶粒子谱分布.采用Langley方法对测量得到的太阳直射辐射量进行处理得到了海区上空气溶胶光学厚度,利用得到的气溶胶光学厚度来反演气溶胶粒子谱分布.反演结果表明无云情况下黄海、东海上空的气溶胶光学厚度在0.2~0.4左右,且气溶胶粒子谱分布的变化趋势也很接近;海区上空霾层较厚时测量得到的气溶胶光学厚度明显增大,最大接近0.8;气溶胶粒子谱分布的变化趋势发生了明显的变化.     

太阳宇宙线的行星际扰动

研究了太阳宇宙线在日冕区的横向传播特性,提出了具有扩散和逃逸过程的日冕分布粒子源,求出了含有该粒子源的行星际传输有源方程的解,并利用IMP-8,Helios-1和Helios-2观测到的同一事件不同空间位置的耀斑粒子资料对模型作了检验．并研究了同一质子事件在1AU处不同时间的粒子强度随经度的分布     

Solar Partial N－burst

We present a new sub-class of type Ⅲ solar radio burst at the high frequencies around 6.0 GHz. In addition to a descending and an ascending branch on the dynamic spectrum, it has an inverted morphology different from the simpletype U-burst. We call it “partial N-burst“ because it is interpreted as the known N-burst minus its first branch. The partial N-burst presented here was detected among a reverse slope type Ⅲ (RS-Ⅲ) burst group prior to the type V solar radio continuum and was simultaneously recorded by two spectrometers at the National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAOC, 5.20-7.60 GHz) and at Purple Mountain Observatory (PMO, 4.50-7.50 GHz) on 1999 August 25.After the N-burst and M-burst, the partial N-burst is a third piece of evidence for a magnetic mirror effect in solar radio observation, when the same electron is reflected at a pinched foot of a flare loop.     

地学书签

朔望大潮 朔望大潮即夏历初一和十五以后的大潮。如果同时考虑月球和太阳对潮汐的效应．并暂不考虑太阳和月球的赤纬变化和地球距离的变化。     

SMM资料的太阳振荡低阶声模研究

本文提出分段零平均方法，引用点间加零方法，利用期图以及自相关功率谱，对八十年代美国ＳＭＭ卫星所采集的太阳总辐照度资料中１９８０年与１９８４年的两段数据做太阳振荡谱分析，对频谱进行等步长叠加证认的结果，除了得出Ｌ＝０，１，２等低阶声模以外，还清楚地得出了以往对ＳＭＭ资料的研究所末得到的Ｌ＝３声波模式，而由干及谱峰半宽，推出了低阶声模的相干时间即激发寿命近似为３至９天，另外，比较１９８０年与１９８４年     

第23太阳周黑子相对数的峰值、峰期以及结束期的预测

Two parameters,the smoothed sunspot numbers in the eleventh month during rising phase of the current cycle and the length month of the minimum period (R<14),are selected to predict the maximum-value of sunspot number of cycle 23 in this paper. The predicted maximum-values of smoothed sunspot number are 115<Ri<149 and 114<Ri<146 also predicted by statistical method. The peak-time will be from September,1999 to March,2000,and the end-time will be from August,2006 to April,2008.