Detecting Very-High-Frequency Relic Gravitational Waves by a Waveguide

The polarization vector (PV) of an electromagnetic wave (EW) will experience a rotation in a region of spacetime perturbed by gravitational waves (GWs). Based on this consideration, Cruise's group has built an annular waveguide to detect GWs. We give detailed calculations of the rotations of polarization vector of an EW caused by incident GWs from various directions and in various polarization states, and then analyze the accumulative effects on the polarization vector when the EW passes n cycles along the annular waveguide. We reexamine the feasibility and limitation of this method to detect GWs of high frequency around 100 MHz, in particular the relic gravitational waves (RGWs). By comparing the spectrum of RGWs in the accelerating universe with the detector sensitivity of the current waveguide, it is found that the amplitude of the RGWs is too low to be detected by the waveguide detectors currently operating. Possible ways of improvements on detection are suggested.     

说说地球上这个月的事儿

关键句：玛雅预言未提世界末日 2012,终于还是来了,两年前好莱坞大片《2012》的热播,让这个原本普通的年份具有了某种特殊意义和恐怖的滋味。玛雅     

黑洞先于星系诞生

先有鸡还是先有蛋的问题一直困扰着人们,其实天文学界也存在类似疑问：在早期宇宙中,先有黑洞还是先有星系？一个国际研究小组6日公布的研究成果显示,黑洞早于星系诞生。     

射电天文中焦面阵或多波束馈源的应用

焦面阵技术或者多波束馈源系统已经日益广泛地应用于现代射电望远镜，因为它可以充分地利用同一射电望远镜反射面所能提供的信息，在观测比射电望远镜方向瓣大得多的展源时数倍乃至数十倍地提高观测的速度；当存在大气层或电离层的起伏或不均匀影响观测成像质量时，可消除这种影响，提高观测质量；利用焦面阵各单个馈源接收到的信息的互相关，则可以实时监控射电望远镜的反射面、二次反射面、指向精度，从而降低地面上大射电望远镜或空间射电望远镜的精度要求和造价。目前焦面阵已经愈来愈广泛地配置在毫米波射电望远镜和大型射电望远镜的主要波段。对此作了一个较新和全面的评述，对焦面阵应用中的限制，包括相位误差的限制和性能价格比的考虑和可能的前景作了简要的介绍。还分析了在计划中的大型主动球反射面射电望远镜（即FAST）上，配置焦面阵的相应限制、问题和难点，提出了初步的建议，并给出经中英双方讨论后初步拟定的FAST频段、波束及低噪声放大器的配置。     

SDSSJ022119.84＋005628.4： A Radio-Loud Narrow-LineSeyfert 1 Galaxy with Star Formation in its Nucleus

The optical spectrum of SDSS J022119.84 + 005628.4 (R. A. = 02h 21m 19.84s, Dec = 00°56' 28.4", J2000; z = 0.399785 ± 0.000558) is analyzed by multi-component profile modelling. The small flux ratio of [OⅢ]NC/Hβ (=0.78) and FWHM(HβBC) = 1778.1 ±85.9 km s-1 led us to identify SDSS J022119.84 + 005628.4 as a Narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy with RFe= 1.4-1.0+1.0 and intermediate radio loudness, logR = 1.93. The continuum low jump at the Balmer limit might be contributed by a starburst component, which suggests that the object is a relatively young AGN with star-formation activity in its inner region. This provides a useful observational test of the AGN evolution. The low flux ratio of the narrow components, [OⅢ]/Hβ = 1.62, and the prominent [OⅡ]γ3727 emission, [OⅡ]/[OⅢ] = 2.24, suggests that there should be a group of AGNs different from Seyfert 2s when their broad line regions are obscured by the torus on the line of sight. A possible orientation effect is suggested to interpret the observed Seyf     

集成声光频谱分析仪（IAOSA）应用于射电天文学的展望

本文首先概述了声光频谱仪在射电天文学上应用的历史和最新发展。进而介绍了集成声光频谱分析仪(IAOSA)的基本工作原理,并给出具有100MHz带宽,2MHz分辨率的IAOSA的设计方案。最后探讨了IAOSA在射电天文学上的应用前景,及利用紫台太阳射电望远镜进行IAOSA的可行性,数据压缩,弱信号检测、干扰信号的识别等多功能实验的具体设想。     

一个跨世纪工程：新一代射电望远镜计划

在国际无线电科联于１９９３年９月在日本京都召开的第２４届大会上，射电在文专门委员会作出了成立大射电望远镜工作组的决议，以推动和促进跨世纪的新一代射电望远镜工程的研究和准备，这是一项广泛国际合作的巨大科学计划，ＮＧＲＴ的主要性能将比现有的，以及计划建造的最先进的射电望远镜还优一到两个数量级。本文拟介绍该计划的历史渊源和技术梗概，希望有助于我国天文界积极参与该项目的国际合作。