催化动力学分光光度法测定痕量铜（Ⅱ）的研究

建立1种新的测定水体中痕量重金属元素铜的催化动力学光度分析方法。该方法是根据铜对过氧化氢氧化弱酸艳蓝（RAWL）的反应具有催化作用，利用固定时间法，测量Cu（Ⅱ）～RAWL—H2O2体系中弱酸艳蓝在λ=626nm处的吸光度的变化，从而得到铜的含量。实验得到的最佳反应条件是：反应介质为氢氧化钠-磷酸二氢钾，pH值选为7．20，弱酸艳蓝浓度为40g·L^-1，30％的过氧化氢0．50mL，反应温度为（80．0±0．1）℃，反应时间为20min。该方法的线性范围是0～12ng·mL^-1，检出限是0．0105ng·mL^-1对2ng·mL^-1和8ng·mL^-1铜（Ⅱ）溶液5次测定的相对标准偏差分别为3．2％和2．3％。多种离子不干扰铜的测定，将本方法用于自来水，黄河水中铜（Ⅱ）的测定，标准加入回收率分别为99．15％和1033o,6．     

Ekman螺线的动力学结构

介绍了Ekman螺线的动力学结构 ,分析研究了风应力及海水内部的动量传递形式 .结果表明 :动量传递方向与海流方向成 45°左偏 .这对于研究海洋内部的动力结构是有意义的 .     

薛家岛湾沉积动力学特征及海港开发研究

于１９９０年秋对胶州湾内的薛家岛湾进行海洋水动力条件及积动力学特征,泥沙运动规律研究,为开发建设港口提供科学依据。结果表明,湾内深大于１ｍ的海底泥沙发生“全面移动”的时间,一年内仅有１－２ｄ,其余处于稳定状态或“表面移动”状态。湾内泥沙来源很少,预计建港后,港池和航道年平均回淤量分别小于１６ｃｍ,１０ｃｍ对于开发中小型港口十分有利。     

漳州地区热田的水热活动及其成因

本文通过漳州地热田及其周围地区的水热活动、地质构造特征及人工爆破、重力、地磁、电性结构、地震活动性等综合地球物理场之间关系分析，得出漳州地热田是高热异常背景下产生的对流型水热系统：深切到上地幔的ＮＥ向长乐－南澳断裂、ＮＷ向九龙江断裂及Ｅ－Ｗ向南靖－厦门断裂控制了地下水的深循环，使大气降水得以下渗到〉３ｋｍ深度，被地温加热并富集起来，在静水压力作用下沿通道－断裂带的交汇部位上涌。热田区破碎的岩石导致     

莺歌海盆地形成与演化的动力学机制

莺歌海盆地位于印支半岛与南海北部大陆边缘交接区,复杂的地质构造背景使其形成演化的动力学机制成为国内外的研究焦点。从区域动力学演化的角度,系统分析了影响莺歌海盆地发育的印支地块构造演化特征,认为莺歌海盆地构造演化主要受印支半岛早期的逃逸挤出构造和晚期的挤压-伸展构造系统影响(或控制),在此动力学驱动机制下,莺歌海盆地新生代以来的构造演化经历了3个阶段,即左旋走滑-伸展裂陷阶段、中下地壳韧性伸展-热沉降阶段和加速沉降阶段。     

Probabilistic Models for the Probability of Wave Breaking and Whitecap Coverage Based on Kinematic Breaking Criterion

More and more researches show that neither the critical downward acceleration nor the critical slope of water waves is a universal constant. On the contrary, they vary with particular wave conditions. This fact moders the models either for the probability of wave breaking B or for the whitecap coverage W based on these criteria difficult to apply. In this paper and the one which follows we seek to develop models for the prediction of both B and W based on the kinematical criterion. First, several joint probabihstic distribution functions (PDFs) of wave characteristics are derived, based on which the breaking properties B and W are estimated. The estimation is made on the assumption that a wave breaks ff the horizontal velocity of water particles at its crest exceeds the local wave celerity, and whitecapping occurs in regions of fluid where water particles travel faster than the waves. The consequent B and W depend on wave spectral moments of orders 0 to 4.Then the JONSWAP spectrum is used to represent the fetch-limited sea waves in deep water, so as to relate the probahility of wave breaking and the whitecap coverage with wind parameters. To this end, the time-averaging technique proposed by Glazman (1986) is applied to the estimation of the spectral moments involved, and furthermore, the theoretical models are compared with available observations collected from published literature. From the comparison, the averaging time scale is determined. The final models show that the probability of wave breaking as well as the whitecap coverage depends on the dimensionless fetch. The agreement between these models and the database is reasonable.     

Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics of Submarine Free Spanning Pipelines by Complex Damping Method

Considering the effect of the internal flowing fluid and the external marine environmental condition, the differential equation for the vortex-induced vibration (V1V) of the free spanning pipeline is derived and is discretized by the Hermit interpolation function. The free vibration equation with the damping term is solved by the complex damping method for the natural frequency, and then the effect of fluid damping on the natural frequency of the free spanning pipeline is analyzed.The results show that fluid damping has a significant influence on the damped natural frequency of the free spanning pipeline in the lock-in state, while it has little influence when the pipeline is out of the lock-in state. In the meantime,the change of the free span length has the same effect on the damped natural frequency and the undamped natural frequency.     

地球深部:地幔的结构和构造

地幔是位于地核和地壳之间的部分。地壳的厚度在不同的地方是不一样的 ,从洋底的数千米至大陆上某些造山区域的６０ｋｍ。地幔扩展到２９００ｋｍ的深处 ,地核的半径是３４７０ｋｍ。在科学和科普文章中常常讨论地球深部结构和地球动力学特征。有关地幔壳层结构的结论主要建立在地震Ｘ 射线立体截面照相和在高压条件下矿物改造试验资料的基础之上。地震Ｘ 射线立体截面照相（逐层的再造）确定了由地震引起的地震波速度的改变 ,揭露了深部显著的不均一性。这很好地反映在起始于中大西洋、穿过非洲直达印度洋中部的４００ｋｍ上地幔剖面中。横…