引导中心的动力学方程及其在空间物理中的应用

本文导出了引导中心的四个动力学方程并推广到相对论形式,讨论了这些方程之间的联系及其在空间物理中的应用。这四个方程中,引导中心相空间连续方程是基本方程,刘维定理则是核心。     

双基地雷达系统探测椭球雨滴群时主站仰角对探测性能的影响

为了提高双基地偏振雷达的探测精度,从旋转椭球粒子散射和衰减的理论出发,推导出基于椭球雨滴群的双基地偏振雷达方程,并利用此方程探讨了旋转椭球雨滴群一致垂直取向情况下,主站雷达发射仰角、目标粒子群位置等因素对双基地偏振雷达探测能力的影响程度.结果表明,随着仰角的抬高,几何因子值和两种偏振状态下的回波功率比均出现了高值区和低值区面积减少的变化特征;散射截面因子值也随着仰角的抬高在水平偏振时增加,垂直偏振时减少.     

多面函数参数自适应选取方法在GPS高程拟合中的应用

提出一种综合的多面函数参数自适应选取方法。该方法利用核函数阶数和平滑因子存在最优值以及核函数结点分布应符合高程异常变化趋势的特点,综合利用正交化算法选取核函数结点以及二维粒子群算法确定最佳阶数和平滑因子,实现多面函数参数的完全自适应选取。将该方法应用于地形起伏差异不同的2个测区,结果表明,相比传统经验性方法和部分参数自适应方法,该方法用于GPS高程拟合的精度和可靠性更高。     

漫谈粒子和宇宙（二）

发现电子的故事 自从英国科学家道尔顿（J．John Dalton,1766～1844）创立化学原子学说后很长时间内,人们都认为原子就是最基本的粒子,即把原子看成是“绝对不可再分”的像一个小得不能再小的实心球。直到19世纪末,道尔顿的原子绝对不可再分的观点终于被动摇了,这起因于1879年英国物理学家威廉·克鲁克斯（1832-1919）在高真空放电管中发现了一种带负电的微粒流——“阴极射线”。     

Harmonic Structures of Gyrosynchrotron Radiation and Cyclotron Maser Instability

1 INTRODUCTIONSolar microwave bursts are usually produced by dtherellt radiation mechanisxns: gyroresonance absorption, Coulomb brernsstrahlung of the thermal baCkground plasma, as well asgyrosynchrotron radiation of the nonihermal electrons (Hildebrandt et al. 1998). Meanwhile,cyclotron or synchrotron maser instabilities may be responsible for microwave spaaes, blips, andtype ill bursts (Wu 1985; Huang 1987; Huang et al. 1996; Huang 1998), which are usuajly superposed on the ambient mi…     

粒子群神经网络及其在非线性系统辨识中的应用

介绍了一种新的神经网络权值优化算法——粒子群优（Particle Swarm Optimization，PSO）算法，提出了用粒子群神经网络对非线性系统进行系统辨识的构思。仿真实验结果表明，粒子群算法具有比BP算法更强的非线性系统辨识能力和更好的泛化能力。     

The Influence of Ion-Acoustic Turbulence on the Electron Acceleration in the Reconnecting Current Sheet

Through solving the single electron equation of motion and the Fokker-Planck equation including the terms of electric field strength and ion-acoustic turbulence, we study the influence of the ion-acoustic wave on the electron acceleration in turbulent reconnecting current sheets. It is shown that the ion-acoustic turbulence which causes plasma heating rather than particle acceleration should be considered. With typical parameter values, the acceleration time scale is around the order of 10^-6 s, the accelerated electrons may have approximately a power-law distribution in the energy range 20 ～100 keV and the spectral index is about 3～10, which is basically consistent with the observed hard X-ray spectra in solar flares.     

基于GPU的HOTPANTS并行优化

HOTPANTS是天文领域的重要工具,它主要是天文图像相减技术的具体实现,在凌日行星观测、引力透镜观测、寻找超新星以及发现天文现象的数据处理中发挥着重要作用。现阶段HOTPANTS经常被用在天文实时观测数据处理的流水线上,但是HOTPANTS在处理大规模的天文图像(7 K×7 K-10 K×10 K)时十分耗时。在分析HOTPANTS的性能瓶颈之后,提出并实现了基于图形处理器(Graphic Processing Unit,GPU)的HOTPANTS的并行优化方法。优化的HOTPANTS在处理大规模图像时,整体性能提升了2~3.5倍,卷积部分计算效率提升了6~13倍,并且通过图形处理器优化之后HOTPANTS的误差在天文领域是可以接受的。     

The general class of Bianchi cosmological models with viscous fluid and particle creation in Brans-Dicke theory

This paper deals with the general class of Bianchi cosmological models with bulk viscosity and particle creation described by full causal thermodynamics in Brans-Dicke theory. We discuss three types of average scale-factor solutions for the general class of Bianchi cosmological models by using a special law for the deceler- ation parameter which is linear in time with a negative slope. The exact solutions to the corresponding field equations are obtained in quadrature form and solutions to the Einstein field equations are obtained for three different physically viable cosmologies. All the physical parameters are calculated and discussed in each model.