两类ENSO事件前期的热带太平洋海温距平场

分析了１９５６年以来两类ＥＮＳＯ事件热带太平洋海温距平场的特征。结果指出,东部型ＥｌＮｉｎｏ事件前期为ＬａＮｉｎａ事件年,热带中东太平洋为强的海温负距平,东部型ＬａＮｉｎａ事件前期为ＥｌＮｉｎｏ事件年,热带中不太平洋为强的海温正距平,中部型ＥｌＮｉｎｏ事件前期热带中西太平洋多为明显的海温正距平,中部型ＬａＮｉｎａ事件前期热带东太平洋多为明显的海渐负距平。两类ＥＮＳＯ事件前期海温距平场特殊基本相反。     

小行星掩星拍摄记

2013年10月22日凌晨3点29分,第313号小行星掩HIP47320,后者是长蛇座一颗4.7星。小行星掩星是一种时常发生的天文现象,倡,此次掩星中的被掩星是一颗亮星,在天气好的情况下肉眼就能看到,这种情况比较罕见。由于掩食带从西到东横贯北京市,所以在市区和近郊都能观测。届时,这颗恒星会突然消失,几秒种之后又重现。机会实在难得,所以笔者很想亲自见证恒星“消失”的奇观。     

探奇之旅 兴文石海拍摄记

她早已在我计划拍摄的20家世界地质公园之中,很久很久就对兴文石海抱着一种神秘感觉。     

地震属性分析在岩性气藏描述中的应用

针对鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界二叠系盒8砂岩岩性气藏非均质性强、开发前期井少、井距大、储层预测难的特点,通过地震多种属性分析,并结合井资料,利用地质统计学方法优选出对砂岩厚度、储层物性及含气性较敏感的地震波形、地震波速度变异参数和地震子波吸收系数3种属性,根据这3种地震属性的分类特征对盒8砂岩厚度和储层含气性的平面分布进行了预测和描述,划分的Ⅰ+Ⅱ类含气有利区被确定为下一步的评价区块。地震属性分析应用于非均质岩性气藏的早期描述,为评价部署和开发方案编制提供了依据。     

盆东伏旱天气前期环流流特征分析

应用１９５１年至１９７８年气象资料,通过１０８型电子计算机,对伏旱强度（天数）与（前三年元月到当年６月）各月北半球海平面气压场,５００和１００百帕高度场及太平洋海水表面温度进行相关场普查,共计得到２８９块信度在０．０５以上的相关区,通过相关区的时空变化,充分地了解到盆东伏旱长期天气变化过程和前期环流特征;并且选择具有天气学意义的相关区因子制作盆东伏旱天气预报。     

地质照片的野外拍摄技巧与资料整理方法

地质照片是记录、表达地质现象的重要手段之一.在搜集相关资料的基础上,结合工作的经验与体会,对地质照片的野外拍摄技巧与资料整理方法形成了一些认识.笔者认为野外拍摄地质照片,要注意减少变形、排除干扰、设置比例、增强效果、突出主题、测量产状、系统拍摄.资料整理的主要内容是照片加工、照片素描、编写说明、制作图版.熟练掌握这些技...     

层间滑动角砾岩型金矿床的地质特征及成矿远景

蓬家夼金矿床是胶东地区新近发现的金矿床之一,矿体赋存在胶莱盆地东北缘层间滑动断层带中、下白垩统莱阳组砾岩与下元古界荆山群地层的构造接触部位,为区内燕山期火山活动前期,在大气水和岩浆水的参与下形成的层间滑动角砾岩型金矿床。     

Relationship Between the Number of Summer Typhoons Engendered over the Northwest Pacific and South China Sea and Main Climatic Conditions in the Preceding Winter and Spring

Based on the monthly NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, OLR (outgoing longwave radiation) data, and tropical cyclone data from the Typhoon Annual and Tropical Cyclone Annual edited by China Meteorological Administration, the relationship between the number of tropical cyclones (with the strongest wind ≥17 m s-1, including tropical storm, strong tropical storm, and typhoon, simply called typhoon in this paper)engendered over the Northwest Pacific and South China Sea in summer and the associated climate conditions is studied. First, the characteristics and di?erences of the climatic conditions between the years with more typhoons and those with fewer typhoons are compared. The results show that the summer typhoon has a close relationship with SST (sea surface temperature) and ITCZ (intertropical convergence zone) anomalies in the preceding winter and spring. With a La Niena like SST anomaly (SSTA) pattern in the preceding winter and spring, the ITCZ will move northwestward and be enhanced around 160°E in the equatorial central Pacific from the preceding winter to spring.The activity of the Pacific ITCZ is in general stronger and its location is more northward than usual, especially in the typhoon genesis region in West Pacific. This background is propitious to have more typhoons in summer. On the other hand, an El Nieno like SSTA pattern in the preceding winter will be companied with weaker ITCZ activities, and its location is more southward over the equatorial western Pacific from the preceding winter to spring; this background is propitious to have fewer typhoons in summer. In the year with more typhoons, the warm SST over West Pacific in the preceding winter provides a favorable condition for typhoon fromation in the following summer. It enhances the convergence in the troposphere and increases the water vapor supply to the warm SST region. In the following spring, the perturbation of the tropical ITCZ plays a more important role.When the ITCZ moves northward in spring, anomalous convergence will appear over the warm SST region and inspire the positive feedback between the large-scale moisture flux at low levels and the latent heat release in the atmosphere, which benefits the typhoon genesis in summer. Otherwise, if cold SST maintains over the northwestern Pacific during the preceding winter and spring, the convergence in the troposphere is disfavored and the water vapor supply to the cold SST region is reduced, which will bring about weaker ITCZ activities and the perturbation is lacking in the following spring. It then results in fewer summer typhoons.     

黄土丘陵沟壑区坡面尺度撂荒草地入渗特征影响因素试验研究

为研究黄土丘陵沟壑区多种因素对撂荒草地入渗特征的影响,采用野外自然降雨观测法,研究不同降雨特征（降雨量、平均雨强、降雨历时和最大30 min雨强（I₃₀））、土壤前期含水量、坡长（10 m、20 m、30 m、40 m和50 m）和植被盖度条件下土壤入渗特征差异,通过灰色关联度法判断影响撂荒草地入渗特征的主导因子。结果表明：①入渗量随降雨量、降雨历时和I₃₀增加而增大（R²>0.55,P<0.01）;入渗补给系数随降雨量、I₃₀和平均雨强增大而减小（R²>0.12,P<0.05）;平均入渗率随降雨强度、I₃₀增加而递增（R²>0.53,P<0.01）。②入渗量和平均入渗率随前期含水量增加而减少,入渗补给系数随之增加而增大（R²>0.13,P<0.05）。③入渗量、入渗补给系数和平均入渗率总体随坡长增加而增大（R²>0.56,P<0.01）,但在坡长30 m和40 m之间存在临界坡长。④在入渗效率较高的情况下,植被对土壤入渗的影响并不显著,降雨特征和坡长成为主导因子。     

大脑中动脉狭窄程度与脑梗死前期CT灌注参数的相关性

目的:探讨单侧大脑中动脉(MCA)狭窄程度与脑梗死前期CT灌注(CTP)参数的关系,并分析梗死前期血管表面通透性(PS)的变化。方法:回顾性分析我院2018年7月1日至2019年10月1日期间经头颈部CTA诊断单侧MCA狭窄患者108例,观察CTP成像特点,测量各组患侧、镜像侧剩余函数达峰时间(TMax)、平均通过时间(MTT)、脑血流量(CBF)、脑血容量(CBV)以及表面通透性(PS),并计算各灌注参数的相对值(患侧/镜像侧),分析单侧大脑中动脉狭窄程度与脑梗死前期CT灌注参数的相关性。结果:①108例单侧大脑中动脉狭窄患者中39例出现灌注异常,不同程度血管狭窄的灌注分期差异具有统计学意义(P=0.009)。单侧大脑中动脉狭窄程度与灌注异常分期呈中等正相关(r=0.557,P=0.000)。②单侧大脑中动脉不同程度狭窄组间rCBF值、rMTT值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而rCBV值、r TMax值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。单侧大脑中动脉狭窄程度与rTMax值、rMTT值呈正相关(分别为r=0.458,P=0.003,r=0.765,P=0.000),与rCBF呈负相关相关(r=-0.600,P=0.000),而狭窄程度与rCBV值无明显相关性。③Ⅱa、Ⅱb期患者患侧与镜像侧PS绝对值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),Ⅱa、Ⅱb期患者组间PS相对值差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:单侧MCA狭窄程度与脑梗死前期分期具有一定相关性,单侧MCA狭窄程度越严重,rTMax、rMTT值越大,rCBF越小;在脑梗死前期的II期出现血管表面通透性升高的改变。