陆相前陆盆地层序地层学研究——以塔里木盆地北部下白垩统地层为例

陆相层序地层学是层序地层学今后进一步发展的一个重要研究领域和方向。因此,探索不同构造背景下、不同类型陆相盆地层序的边界性质、内部结构特征、控制因素及其模式将极大地丰富和完善层序地层学的理论与方法。本文通过对塔里木盆地北部早白垩世陆相前陆盆地地层进行层序地层分析,确定出4个层序边界,划分出1个超层序和3个三级层序,识别出冲积体系域(AST)、湖泊扩展体系域(EST)和湖泊萎缩体系域(CST),并探讨了陆相前陆盆地层序地层的特征及其控制因素。研究表明,构造作用是控制该陆相前陆盆地层序形成与发育的首要因素;远离和邻近南天山造山带的盆地南、北两侧构造作用的不均一性,造成层序边界性质、体系域特征等在南、北两侧存在很大差异;层序内部体系域发育的不完整性(即由两个层序界面限定的一个三级层序在全盆范围内仅发育一种或两种体系域),反映了陆相层序的复杂性和特殊性。     

泥岩中碳酸盐结核的内部结构：结核生长的传统同心模式的临界值

泥岩中碳酸盐结核的内部结构：结核生长的传统同心模式的临界值ＰｅｔｅｒＳ．Ｍｏｚｌｅｙ沉积岩中的一些矿物通常形成结核（例如，磷灰岩、石英岩、铁氧化物），碳酸盐结核在研究中已引起了高度的重视．这在很大程度上是因为：（１）它们是最常见的结核，（２）在化学上...     

Xingxueanthus: An Enigmatic Jurassic Seed Plant and Its Implications for the Origin of Angiospermy

Abstract: The origin of angiosperms has been tantalizing botanists for centuries. Despite the efforts of palaeobotanists, most of the pre-Cretaceous angiosperms are regarded either non-convincing or misdated. The applications of SEM and LM (light microscope) enable us to recognize a coalified fossil plant, Xingxueanthus sinensis gen. et sp. nov., from the Haifanggou Formation (Middle Jurassic, >160 Ma) in western Liaoning, China. Xingxueanthus is an “inflorescence” with more than 20 female units spirally arranged. Each female unit is situated in the axil of a bract. The female unit is composed of an ovule-container and a style-like projection at the top. There is a vertical column bearing several ovules in the ovule-container. The general morphology and the internal structure of Xingxueanthus distinguish itself from any known fossil and extant gymnosperms, and its structures are more comparable to those of angiosperms. Xingxueanthus, if taken as a gymnosperm, would represent a new class, demonstrate an evolutionarily advanced status of ovule-protection in gymnosperms never seen before, and provide new insights into the origin of angiospermy. Alternatively, if taken as an angiosperm, together with Schmeissneria, it would increase the diversity of Jurassic angiosperms, which has been underestimated for a long time, and suggest a much earlier origin of angiospermy than currently accepted.     

金属矿床勘探类型划分问题探讨

从矿体在地质体内空间分布特点及矿体形态、厚度、品位的稳定性两方面,讨论了金属矿床勘探类型划分问题。     

Extragalactic H2O Megamaser Sources： Central Black Holes, Nuclear X-ray and Maser Emissions

Extragalactic H2O megamasers are typically found within the innermost few parsecs of active galaxy nuclei (AGN) and the maser emission is considered to be excited most likely by the X-ray irradiation of the AGN.We investigate a comprehensive sample of extragalactic H2O masers in a sample of 38 maser host AGN to check potential correlations of the megamaser emission with parameters of the AGN,such as X-ray luminosity and black hole (BH) masses.We find a relation between the maser luminosities and BH masses,LH2O∝ M3.64-0.4 BH,which supports basically the theoretical prediction.The relation between the maser emission and X-ray emission is also confirmed.     

Early Development of Silvetia babingtonii （Fucales,Phaeophyceae）

Silvetia babingtonii is a potentially economic brown alga for sources of food and high-value added utilization.So far,sporeling nursery and field cultivation has not been successful.The lack of knowledge on development and life cycle of this alga hinder the development of techniques for the sporeings and cultivation.In this study,internal structure of oogonium and antherium of S.babingtonii was observed with hematoxylin and eosin staining and through microscope.Meanwhile,early development from zygotes to juvenile sporelings was studied at 20℃ under 60-100 μmol photons m^-2 s^-1.Zygotes germinated and divided into thallus and rhizoid cells.The larger thallus cells further divided and developed into juvenile sporelings; while the smaller rhizoid cells divided and elongated into rhizoid hairs.These findings documented the life cycle ofS.babingtonii and provided fundamental knowledge for sporeling nursery in the near future.     

小城镇信息图谱初探

小城镇建设将成为我国农村经济发展的一种重要模式。为了引导小城镇的可持续发展,有必要对小城镇演变的内在规律作深入研究。运用“图谱”的表达方式和GIS分析工具,从小城镇图谱的基本构成要素入手,对小城镇的群体空间、外部形态和内部结构的演变规律进行了探讨。并以泰州市城镇群、兰溪市永昌镇为例,作了实证研究。研究表明,采用图谱的表达方式有助于我们对城镇发展进行了历史总结、规律挖掘,客观地把握城镇的发展阶段,从而了解不同时期城镇工作的重点,以有的放矢地采取措施,部署长远规划。     

基于内部结构概化的华北型煤田岩溶陷落柱分类

岩溶陷落柱是华北型煤田所具有的一种特殊地质构造,对煤矿安全生产造成巨大威胁。为了研究岩溶陷落柱的突水机理,确保煤矿采掘工程的安全,提出了岩溶陷落柱的内部结构概化模型,包括堆石段、泥石浆段、岩块碎屑段和柱壁裂隙段4个不同的部分,各部分之间既有相互联系,又显示出不同的力学和水力特征。基于此模型,对岩溶陷落柱按照内部结构的不同进行了分类,将岩溶陷落柱分为堆石型、堆石裂隙型、堆石泥石浆型等8种不同类型,并总结分析了不同类型岩溶陷落柱的结构特征和突水特征,且对不同类型岩溶陷落柱煤矿采掘工程提出了建议。     

辽吉古裂谷部分地区深部地质结构特征

在4条实测高精度重、磁剖面及MT剖面探测的基础上,结合区域地质资料及野外地质研究,对辽吉古元古代裂谷（简称辽吉裂谷）边界、内部地质结构和基底组成等深部地质问题进行了论述。 新获取的非震地球物理剖面为揭示辽吉裂谷的深部地质结构提供了重要信息,在MT剖面上发现沿连山关—赛马一线存在一个明显的南倾构造界面,该界面为控制辽吉裂谷北部边界的伸展断裂构造面,以往认为在本溪市—本溪县一线辽河群分布的北部边界应为辽吉裂谷的古地理边界;证实南北辽河群岩相的差异主要是由相变造成的;MT剖面揭示出辽吉裂谷内部具有复式褶皱结构特征,基底埋深可达10km以上;区域地质研究及重磁电联合反演结果表明辽吉裂谷的基底主要发育2种类型：一是太古代表壳岩花岗岩型;二是太古代花岗岩-古元古代花岗岩型。     

不同初始场资料对台风“桑美”数值模拟的影响

以2006年超强台风"桑美"为个例,分别以GFS(全球预报系统)再分析资料和JMA(日本气象厅)区域客观再分析资料为初始场,利用中尺度模式WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting Model)对台风"桑美"进行高分辨率数值模拟,分析不同初始场资料对台风内部结构和移动路径的影响。结果表明:对于500hPa高度场和850hPa水汽、风场等预报,GFS再分析资料和JMA区域客观再分析资料均能较好地把握台风整体的流场形势。从700hPa风场、近地面风速、降水、雷达反射率、最小海平面气压和最大风速等模拟效果来看,JMA区域客观再分析资料均优于GFS再分析资料。对于台风路径的预报,前15h内JMA区域客观再分析资料较GFS再分析资料要好,而15h之后,以这两种资料作为初始场的台风预报路径与实况均有较大偏差。