九龙江口浮游植物群体对盐度胁迫的快速适应

Mixing of freshwater and seawater creates the well-known salinity gradients along the estuaries. In order to investigate how phytoplankton respond to the acute salinity changes, we exposed natural phytoplankton assemblies from the Jiulong River Estuary to differential saline field water while continuously monitoring their photosynthetic performances under both indoor-and outdoor-growth conditions. When the natural cell assemblies from salinity 30 field water were exposed to series low saline field water(salinity 25, 17, 13 and 7.5), the effective Photosystem II quantum yield(ΔF/F_m′) decreased sharply, e.g., to one-fifth of its initials after 5 min exposure to salinity 7.5 field water, and then increased fast during the following 40 min and almost completely recovered after 320 min. During such an exposure process, non-photochemical quenching(NPQ) sharply increased from 0 to 0.85 within 5 min, and then decreased to nearly 0 within the following 70 min. When these cells re-acclimated to salinity 7.5 field water were exposed to series high saline field water(salinity 13, 17, 25 and 30), a similar response pattern was observed, with the decreased ΔF/F_m′ accompanied with increased NPQ, and followed by the recovery-induced increase in ΔF/F_m′ and decrease in NPQ. A similar response pattern as ΔF/F_m′to the acute osmotic stress was also observed in the photosynthetic carbon fixation capacity according to radiocarbon(~(14)C) incorporation. Our results indicate that estuarine phytoplankton assemblies could rapidly recover from the acute osmotic stress, implying a potential cause for their frequent blooms in coastal-estuarine waters where despite drastically varying salinity, available nutrients are abundant due to the land-derived runoffs or mixing-caused relaxations from sediments.     

春季季风间期赤道东印度洋浮游植物光合生理特征

Phytoplankton physiologies are dynamic and have sensitive responses to the ambient environment. In this paper,we examine photosynthetic physiologies of phytoplankton communities with Phyto-PAM in the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean during the spring inter-monsoon. Environmental parameters were measured to investigate the coupling between phytoplankton photosynthetic physiologies and their habitats. During the cruise, the water column was highly stratified. The mixed layer extended to about 75 m and was characterized by high temperature(28°C) and low nutrient level. The F_v/F_m values and chlorophyll a(Chl a) concentrations were lower at the surface, as consequences of nutrient depletion and photo-inhibition. Subsurface Chl a maximum(SCM) occurred between 75 and 100 m, and had the highest F_v/F_m values. The formation of SCM was a balance between nutrient availability and light limitation. The SCM may contribute significantly to pelagic food web and primary production in the water column. Phytoplankton in different layers encountered different light, trophic and hydrographic dynamics and evolved distinct photosynthetic characteristics. Despite of co-limitation of nutrient limitation and photo-inhibition, phytoplankton in the surface layer showed their acclimation to high irradiance, had lower light utilization efficiencies(α: 0.061±0.032) and could exploit a wide range of light irradiance. Whereas, phytoplankton in the SCM layers presented the highest light utilization efficiencies(α:0.146±0.48), which guaranteed higher photosynthetic capacities under low light level. These results provide insights into phytoplankton photo-adaption strategies in this less explored region.     

基于视频场景多因素的人群运动状态分析

视频GIS集成了视频处理和GIS分析,能够有效完成公共安全场景或区域的人群监测及分析,实现人群运动状态的准确把控。人群运动状态同群体性社会事件的发生及演变密切相关,视频可通过光流场和社会力场表达场景人群运动信息。为提高人群运动状态分析的准确性,综合考虑透视畸变、背景噪声和人群密度等场景多因素,提出根据视频场景多因素分析的人群运动状态的分析方法,通过引入长度透视校正参数和前景检测图像校正场景稠密光流场,然后以校正后的光流场为基础,顾及面积透视畸变与场景人群密度,估算视频前景社会力场。实验结果表明,该方法能够获取视频场景更显著的人群运动状态特征,并在人群行为异常检测等方面效果突出。     

基于零拷贝的脉冲星GPU相干消色散算法

射电脉冲信号在传输过程中受到星际介质的影响,脉冲轮廓展宽变形,在研究过程中需要对信号进行消色散处理.设计并实现了基于零拷贝的脉冲星数据图形处理器(Graphic Processing Unit,GPU)相干消色散算法,采用设备内存映射以消除主机到设备的拷贝开销,利用统一计算设备架构(Compute Unified De...     

海水中低含量铵氮的高灵敏度荧光法测定

提出了一种改进的、可测定海水中低含量铵氮的高灵敏度荧光分析方法。其原理是在硼酸缓冲溶液的作用下,海水中的铵氮与邻苯二甲醛(OPA)发生衍生化反应,通过测定生成的荧光产物来确定水体中铵氮的浓度。方法的检测限极低(0.002 5μmol/L),重现性好,且水样用量少(10 mL),适用于海水中溶解有机物的光铵化研究及其他低铵含量水样的测定。     

建立大型海洋科学仪器设备共享机制 提高国有资产使用效益

建立大型海洋科学仪器设备共享平台是海洋创新体系建设的重要组成部分,也是减少重复购置、节约投入资金、提高国有资产使用效益、促进海洋科技资源高效配置和综合利用、贯彻落实科学发展观及建设节约型社会的客观要求和增强海洋科技创新能力的关键.     

装有GPS设备的T型鹰小型飞行器

霍尼维尔公司接受由美国海军委托的研制6台T型鹰微型飞行器的订单,该订单是为英国国防部研制6台T型鹰的代理合同,价值为5700万美元。     

GPS解决下雪问题

据WCPO-TV报道,美国俄亥俄州辛那提市的议会利用GPS跟踪铲雪车。该系统能够监测铲雪车清扫街道的情况。该市80辆铲雪车中的40辆安装了此监测设备。     

渭河流域东部全新世黄土-古土壤剖面光释光测年及其记录的土壤侵蚀事件

在渭河流域东部老官台(LGT)全新世黄土-古土壤剖面中,系统采集了15个黄土释光测年样品,应用单片再生剂量法(SAR)对这些样品的细颗粒混合矿物进行了光释光(OSL)测年,测定结果表明:红外之后蓝光释光([post—IR]OSL)的年龄偏大,红外释光(IRSL)的年龄偏小或与蓝光释光(BLSL)的年龄基本一致,应用IRSL和BLSL信号测定的OSL年龄整体偏小可能与测定样品中长石矿物的异常衰退有关,而[post—IR]OSL信号由于很少发生异常衰退问题,使得其年龄可靠性更高。基于测定的[post-IR]OSL年龄,结合该剖面的磁化率和粒度指标,进一步探讨了渭河流域东部自全新世以来发生的两期土壤侵蚀事件,第1期土壤侵蚀事件发生在约12.40～9.34 kaBP,即全新世大暧期来临之前的气候转暖期间;第2期土壤侵蚀事件发生在约4.60～3.76 kaBP,即全新世大暖期即将结束、气候开始出现恶化、黄河中游地区夏文化发展的时期,这为深入探索夏代发生的大洪水事件及其气候背景提供了科学依据,本区两期显著的土壤侵蚀事件的发现,揭示了东亚季风系统的不稳定性,表现为千年到百年尺度上的快速变化。     

图片新闻

一次性投入巨资改善地质勘探装备在我省地勘行业尚属首次,在全国也不多见。3月23日,青海省国土资源厅举行地勘设备配发仪式,为省地矿局、省有色地勘局等地勘单位配发总价值4千万元的7台先进重型进口钻探设备,并举行进口钻机首个测试孔打孔实验。这是我省决定近年投资1.5亿元专项资金购置地勘设备,