The anomalous variation of the lightning activity in southern China during the 1997/98 El Nio event

The El Ni?o Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a cli- mate anomaly responsible for worldwide weather im- pacts ranging from droughts to floods. It is of scien- tific importance to clarify the influences of the 1997/98 El Ni?o event (for simplicity, named the ENSO) on the regional and global lightning activity. Goodman et al.[1] noticed that during the El Ni?o ma- ture phase from December 1997 to February 1998, the total lightning frequencies recorded by LIS, lightning days and lightning ho…     

Ｊ酱吹奈侍?:企业融资困难、决策不科学、激励机制不完善以及发展规模受限制。在利益最大化的驱使

1. Introduction Two kinds of convective activities—dry convectioand moist convention—are often mentioned when referring to severe storm forecasting. Usually dry convection only serves as a kind of adjustment or a liftincondition for severe storms. Moi…     

地震模拟实验中相似律应用的若干问题

本文基于Ｂｏｃｋｉｎｇｈａｎ π定理，推导了考虑建筑物活载和非结构构件质量效应的地震模拟实验的相似关系。另外，针对振动台承载能力有限等实际问题，建立了地震模拟实验的一致相似律，可以得出介于人工质量模型和忽略重力模型之间的相似关系。人工质量模型和忽略重力模型仅是模型设计中应用一致相似律的两种特例。     

论吉林省韧性剪切带地质特征及分布规律

韧性剪切带是地壳较深层次的变形产物，具有特殊的构造特征，吉林省韧性剪切带主要分布于前寒纪和古生代变质岩系中，本文论述了吉林省韧性剪切带的地质特征及分布规律，讨论了韧性剪切带对金，多金属矿床的控制作用。     

喀斯特侵蚀过程中藻类作用的微形态研究

通过对我国及国外典型喀斯特区域的样品观察,本文对内陆及海岸灰岩表面藻类的分布、对基岩的作用类型和机制以及在喀斯特地貌侵蚀形态发育过程中的作用进行了初步的分析和探讨,所有结果表明,藻类作用十分普遍并在尺度上具有层次性,在微观尺度上形成了独特形态,藻类的侵蚀机制有化学和机械之分,最基本的过程为钻孔作用。     

A Bayesian/maximum-entropy view to the spatial estimation problem

The purpose of this paper is to stress the importance of a Bayesian/maximum-entropy view toward the spatial estimation problem. According to this view, the estimation equations emerge through a process that balances two requirements: High prior information about the spatial variability and high posterior probability about the estimated map. The first requirement uses a variety of sources of prior information and involves the maximization of an entropy function. The second requirement leads to the maximization of a so-called Bayes function. Certain fundamental results and attractive features of the proposed approach in the context of the random field theory are discussed, and a systematic spatial estimation scheme is presented. The latter satisfies a variety of useful properties beyond those implied by the traditional stochastic estimation methods.     

乌江彭水水利枢纽坝区软弱夹层研究

在随机取样的基础上,进行化学成份分类不仅基本反映了软弱夹层的矿物成份,而且反映了其宏观构造和微观结构特征;各类软弱夹层的物理力学性质具有其独特的规律性。软弱夹层的类型受沉积岩相的严格控制,在岩相研究的基础上可以进行工程地质类比。利用概率理论,基于地层具有马尔柯夫链的性质,可以进行软弱夹层空间分布预测。借助原位单点剪切试验可以有效地确定软弱夹层的内摩擦角。     

陕西省农业气象灾害地域组合规律及防御

概述了陕西省主要农业气象灾害的类型和特点，构建了气象灾害类型区划分的指标体系，揭示了陕西省农业气象灾害的地域组合规律，并提出了防灾减灾对策。     

~（14）C－样品制备方法比较研究

本文比较了防爆氧燃烧、酸性湿氧化及碱性湿氧化。结果表明，防爆氧燃烧技术有快速、安全可靠、~（１４）Ｃ回收率高、计数体系淬灭小、不分相、计数稳定、无化学发光（ＲＣＭ％＝０）等优点，可作为~（１４）Ｃ的常规探测法。     

Aliphatic components of Victorian brown coal lithotypes

Victorian brown coal occurs in five major lithotypes distinguishable by colour index, petrography and bulk chemical analyses. The distributions of solvent extractable (free) and base hydrolysable (bound) n-alkanes, n-monocar?ylic acids, n-?,ω-dicar?ylic acids, n-ω-hydroxycar?ylic acids and n-alcohols were determined for samples of each of the five lithotypes (lithotype profile) and for seven samples of identical lithotype classification spanning a 100 m interval (depth profile) taken from a continuous bore core. The distributions of free molecular components in all classes are indicative of the predominant higher plant origin of this immature coal and provide strong support for the view that different lithotypes have derived from different, yet fairly specific paleobotanical communities. Despite an overall similarity in the distributions of aliphatic components from samples of identical lithotype classification, changes in the absolute concentrations and carbon preference indices (CPIs) of specific functional classes are observed in response to catagenetic influences even across the very small rank interval of the depth profile samples. Molecular distributions of bound components are similar to those of their free counterparts except that CPIs are generally lower and the relative contributions of lower molecular weight homologues (i.e. <C₂₂) are higher. Thedistributions of bound dicar?ylic acids and hydroxycar?ylic acids appear to reflect variations in the oxic/anoxic nature of the depositional paleoenvironments.