Structure cristalline d'une ménéghinite naturelle pauvre en cuivre,Cu0,58Pb12,72(Sb7,04Bi0,24)S24Crystal structure of a Cu-poor natural meneghinite,Cu0.58Pb12.72(Sb7.04Bi0.24)S24

Cu-poor meneghinite from La Lauzière Massif (Savoy, France) has the composition (electron microprobe) (in wt%): Pb 59.50, Sb 20.33, Bi 1.19, Cu 0.87, Ag 0.05, Fe 0.03, S 17.62, Se 0.05, Total 99.64. Its crystal structure (X-ray on a single crystal) was solved with R1=0.0506, wR2=0.1026, with an orthorhombic symmetry, space group Pnma, and a=24.080(5) Å, b=4.1276(8) Å, c=11.369(2) Å, V=1130.0(4) Å³, Z=4. Relatively to the model of Euler and Hellner (1960), this structure shows a significantly lower site occupancy factor for the tetrahedral Cu site (0.146 against 0.25). Among the five other metallic sites, Bi appears in the one with predominant Sb. Developed structural formula: Cu_0.15Pb₂(Pb_0.53Sb_0.47)(Pb_0.46Sb_0.54)(Sb_0.75Pb_0.19Bi_0.06)S₆; the reduced one: Cu_0.58Pb_12.72(Sb_7.04Bi_0.24)S₂₄. The formation of such a Cu-poor variety seems to be related to specific paragenetic conditions (absence of coexisting galena), or to crystallochemical constraints (minor Bi). To cite this article: Y. Moëlo et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 529–536.     

用Pg波走时重建华北地区结晶基底速度及时间项图像

应用层析成象以投影方法，对华北地区２８条深地震剖剖面地震测深剖面Ｐｇ波走时进行处理，作出该区结晶基底速度及时间项成像。并作了方法的数值模型合成数据的敏感性分析，证明所采用有效性及成象结果的可靠性。计算中应用ＬＳＱＲ算法求解大型稀疏超定方程。并采用只存储矩阵非零元素技术，使存储量减小到原矩阵百分之一，同时零元素不参数加计算，提高了运算速度。华北地区结昌基底速度为５．９－６．３５ｋｍ／ｓ，时间最大为２     

GPS授时地震仪走时误差校正

受制造成本和工艺的限制,GPS授时地震仪中的守时晶振不可避免地会有频率误差,继而在数据采集过程中,随着采集时间的增加,各台站之间会出现采集不同步现象。介绍了Akima分段多项式插值重采样方法及其在GPS授时地震仪时间校正中的应用。通过对理论数据与实际数据的Akima插值重采样试验表明,Akima插值重采样方法可应用于GPS授时地震仪走时误差校正,是一种简便、高效、保形性好的插值重采样方法。     

津巴布韦大岩墙南段两翼铬铁矿床特征及成因探讨

津巴布韦大岩墙蕴含丰富的铬铁矿资源,不同部位成矿特征存在差异。钙碱性铁质基性-超基性岩浆结晶分异过程中伴随着铬铁矿的成矿作用,南部岩浆房两翼300m深度范围内共赋存7个不连续的铬铁矿层,矿层垂向间距30～50m,南部矿层发育优于北部;铬铁矿层厚度多为0.2～1m,铬铁矿层发育于辉橄岩系和辉石岩系的接触部位,三者呈渐变式过渡接触,共同构成典型的韵律结构;两翼矿层产状呈对称状倾向于岩墙的轴部,倾角约为10°～20°;矿石多为自形-半自形微细粒结构,稀疏浸染状及中等浸染状构造,矿石为需选贫铬矿石,w(Cr2O3)=5%～30%,且矿体内Pt+Pd含量可观。大岩墙南段两翼铬铁矿为典型的早期岩浆结晶分异矿床,后期构造运动加剧了矿层的不连续性,并对局部岩矿层产状产生改造,蛇纹石化蚀变形成了指示矿体的标志性斑杂构造岩。     

YSZ-50型声频振动钻机的研制

声频振动钻进技术是近年来发展较快的新型钻探技术,主要利用声频振动头产生的高频振动力,引起钻柱系统的共振,并带来土体的局部液化,实现快速钻进和高质量地质取样。主要介绍了YSZ-50型声频振动钻机的结构设计、主要技术参数和特点以及取样试验。     

赣南茅坪钨矿床黄玉单晶流体包裹体研究

文章以赣南茅坪大型钨矿床成矿早阶段形成的黄玉单晶为研究对象,对其中的流体包裹体开展了岩相学、显微测温以及激光拉曼光谱研究。结果显示,茅坪钨矿床黄玉单晶中的流体包裹体以富液两相包裹体为主,同时发育有单相包裹体、富二氧化碳的三相包裹体以及含子矿物包裹体。其中,含子矿物包裹体发育是本矿床黄玉中包裹体的重要特征,子矿物成分有方解石、石英、石盐等;流体包裹体的均一温度介于200~509℃之间,峰值位于420~500℃之间,盐度w(NaCl_(eq))为4.32%~19.22%,峰值介于17%~19%,较前人获得的石英脉型钨矿床成矿温度和盐度均高出许多,其峰值(420~500℃)在一定程度上衔接了石英脉型黑钨矿高温阶段的演化历史;黄玉单晶中包裹体还具有富含CO_2、CH_4、N_2等挥发分的特征。综上所述,笔者认为石英脉型钨矿的成矿流体在早阶段具有高温、中高盐度、富挥发分、富含多种离子的特征。     

四川平武板状绿柱石矿物学特征及板状成因

在综合该区绿柱石产出背景的基础上,从围岩蚀变、矿物共生组合、矿物标型形态和绿柱石测温测压等方面确定平武绿柱石矿床是气成高温浅成石英脉型矿床。文中对绿柱石矿物进行了湿法化学分析、X射线粉晶衍射分析、微形貌分析,研究了该区绿柱石的形态、物性、化学成分及类质同象特征,确定该区绿柱石为板状晶形的含铯钠锂绿柱石,碱金属平均质量分数为2.412%(Li2O+Na2O+K2O+ Rb2O+Cs2O)。板状含碱绿柱石一般发育在伟晶岩中,气成高温热液矿床中产出板状含碱绿柱石极为罕见。在以上工作基础上,从绿柱石形成的内因和外因两方面探讨了绿柱石的板状成因。     

Crystallographic and NMR studies on sterols from green alga Chaetomorpha basiretorsa Setchell

Chemical investigation of the ethanol extract of the marine green alga Chaetomorpha basiretorsa Setchell led to the isolation of a new sterol stigmast-4,28-dien-3α,6β-diol 1 in addition to the five known sterols of β-lawsaritol 2, saringosterol 3, 24-hydroperoxy-24-vinyl - cholesterol 4, β-stigmasterol 5, 29-hydroxystigmasta-5, 24 （28） -dien-3β-ol 6. Compounds were isolated by normal phase silica gel and Sephadex LH - 20 gel colum chromatography, reverse phase HPLC and recrystalization. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including MS, IR 1D/2D NMR and X-ray analysis. Cytotoxicity of compounds was screened by using the standard MTF method. All these compounds were isolated from the green alga Chaetomorpha basiretorsa Setchell for the first time and they were inactive （50% inhibitory concentration was greater than 10 μg/cm^3） against KB, Bel -7402, PC - 3M, Ketr 3 and MCF-7 cell lines.     

Effect of soil interaction on the performance of liquid column dampers for seismic applications

The effects of soil–structure interaction (SSI) while designing the liquid column damper (LCD) for seismic vibration control of structures have been presented in this study. The formulation for the input–output relation of a flexible‐base structure with attached LCD has been presented. The superstructure has been modelled by a single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDOF) system. The non‐linearity in the orifice damping of the LCD has been replaced by equivalent linear viscous damping by using equivalent linearization technique. The force–deformation relationships and damping characteristics of the foundation have been described by complex valued impedance functions. Through a numerical stochastic study in the frequency domain, the various aspects of SSI on the functioning of the LCD have been illustrated. A simpler approach for studying the LCD performance considering SSI, using an equivalent SDOF model for the soil–structure system available in literature by Wolf (Dynamic Soil–Structure Interaction. International Series in Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics. Prentice‐Hall: Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1985) has also been presented. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

矿物晶体形态统计方法探讨

矿物晶体形态标型研究广泛应用于矿床成因研究和成矿预测工作,是成因矿物学研究中一个很重要的方面。文章以黄铁矿晶体形态统计为例,介绍了适用于简单晶体形态统计的形态统计法、适用于复杂晶体形态统计的习性统计法,以及根据实际观测实践提出的权重统计法。通过对这3种方法的比较,指出了不同方法的利弊,给出了根据不同研究目的及样品实际情况选择不同方法的建议。