基于大数据的生活圈范围与服务设施空间匹配研究——以北京为例

生活圈建设是新时代国土空间规划的关键内容之一,生活圈内服务设施配置是做好生活圈规划的首要基础,居民生活圈与服务设施的空间匹配关系也是地理学“人地关系”在城市社区尺度的重要体现.学术界对生活圈与服务设施的匹配关系已有研究,但主要采用问卷调查数据,该类数据存在样本量少、地域覆盖范围小等不足.论文将采用手机信令数据和POI(...     

中文村名俗称与规范名称的匹配算法

随着数字化的发展,越来越多的应用要求通过采用自然语言文字描述直接找到对应的详细的地址信息,并能够在空间位置上进行显示,即地名地址匹配空间化过程。然而,现今在地名的规范化角度还存在着很多问题,在乡镇或街道办及以上的行政等级的命名中都已基本规范统一,但是在村庄级的命名中还有待进一步的完善。所以本文通过对国内外文献研究,规范村名命名规律,匹配算法研究进一步加深中文村名俗称与规范名称的匹配算法的研究。     

双因素判别分析胃癌组织与正常组织自体荧光光谱

通过对手术切除的37例胃癌患者的离体标本的自体荧光光谱检测,显示308nm,337nm激发光谱均呈双主峰结构,双主峰的比值均能区分胃癌与正常胃壁(P<0.001).分别用308nm,337nm激发荧光光谱单因素分析诊断胃癌的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值分别为88.8%,86.8%,86.4%和80.1%,72.1%,67.5%.对308nm及337nm激发荧光光谱双因素分析,癌诊断的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值分别为94.4%,92.1%,91.9%,其诊断正确符合率明显高于单因素分析的结果.研究表明,以308nm及337nm双波长激发检测胃壁浆膜,双因素判别算法可较好地区分胃癌,这种方法有望成为手术中快速识别胃癌在胃壁的浸润范围的有效方法.     

高效异质结构四波长波分复用器的设计与优化

将两光子晶体单模波导平行、邻近放置构成一个光子晶体波导耦合结构.根据耦合和解耦合理论,设计了一种新型的高效异质结构四波长波分复用器.应用时域有限差分法模拟了该器件的效率,并通过改变一排介质柱的折射率,实现了较高的透射率.进一步发现在入射口处添加三对介质柱,可以有效地降低系统的反射,实现了四个波长的高效传输,四个波长的透射率均超过了90%.该器件不仅具有较高的透射率,而且其尺寸仅为36 μm×17 μm,在未来的光子集成回路中具有潜在的应用价值.     

在地面三角网中布设卫星观测站的最低精度要求

本文从地面三角网和卫星同联合平差的原理出发,讨论了对卫星网的最低精度要求。指出,为改善地面三角网而布设卫星网时,卫星观测站的最低精度主要决定于以下因素: ——地面三角网的精度; ——对地面三角网精度改善程度的要求; 一卫星观测站之间的距离。这里通过模拟计算对卫星网的最低精度要求与上列因素之间的关系作了数字分析,并建立了估算卫星网最低精度的数学模型。预期,在一般情况下,该模型的估算误差将不会超过10％。     

景像匹配仿真的一种新方法

分析了影响景像相关匹配精度的各种误差因素，并给出它们的误差仿真模型，该模型可以适应飞行姿态、飞行器特性，天候等条件变化时的匹配概率估计，并可以与图像特征参数分析方法相结合。实验验证了该模型的有效性，且可以快速地给出影像图的适配性估计图，用于飞行器的航迹规划。     

非静力滞弹性模式中水平分辨率与垂直分辨率的协调性初探

为了理论上研究非静力滞弹性模式中水平分辨率与垂直分辨率之间的搭配问题，以线性斜压滞弹性方程组为出发方程，导出解析的频散方程、水平群速方程和垂直群速方程，同时在最优三维网格C／CP下进行离散，也导出频散方程、水平群速方程和垂直群速方程，然后用图示的方法，比较了在不同的水平和垂直格距下模拟解析解所产生的误差。结果表明：当垂直格距和水平格距相当时，在C／CP网格上对惯性重力波的频率、水平群速和垂直群速都能较好地模拟，产生的相对误差均在5％以下。     

RESEARCH ON EARTHQUAKE EMERGENCY MAPPING METHOD BASED ON TEMPLATE MATCH

After an earthquake, earthquake emergency response and rescue are important ways to mitigate earthquake-induced losses. Various earthquake emergency maps can provide effective references and guidance to those actions. Currently, related studies include the investigation on symbols of emergency maps, remote sensing emergency mapping and GIS-based mapping methods. However, the existing studies overlook the characteristics of rapidity, dynamicity and variety of presentation methods in making earthquake emergency maps. In this paper, a map template matching method is used to quickly make earthquake emergency maps considering their characteristics. We take investigations on the service objects(users)of the earthquake emergency maps to understand the needs of making earthquake emergency maps. The audience theory in mass media field and map information transmission theory are adopted to classify the users of the earthquake emergency maps into four categories: earthquake emergency commanders, technical staffs for decision-making, earthquake emergency rescuers, and the public. The components of different types of users are described and then their diverse demands in earthquake emergency maps are analyzed, such as the needs of on-field disaster information maps, earthquake information maps, physical geography and social economic maps. Following those needs, we introduce the representation methods of the earthquake emergency maps according to their formats(vector or raster)and contents, such as point symbolization method, kilometer grid method, line symbolization method and range method. Then, we study the rapid plotting method of earthquake emergency map based on map template matching method. The core steps of the method include: 1)before earthquake, the templates of different earthquake emergency maps are designed, prepared and connect the earthquake emergency features with their related spatial database. The map layout and map elements are stored in the templates. 2)After earthquake, the earthquake emergency features will be generated from seismic models(such as attenuation model of earthquake magnitude and seismic intensity)or the information obtained from field investigation. 3)Corresponding earthquake emergency map template is selected in accordance with the generated seismic features. And the features are used to update related features inside the selected template. 4)Minor adjustments are made such as to the map scale and some map annotations to finally generate the formal earthquake emergency map. Architecture of template system of the earthquake emergency maps is designed, including map user level, map template level, template layer level and map element level. Regrading to the architecture, the general map template of earthquake emergency is presented which includes four main regions: title region, main picture region, auxiliary region and annotation region. The main picture region is the essential, which lays geographic background maps and earthquake emergency features. Finally, an earthquake emergency mapping system is developed. Based on the system, a case study is presented, which demonstrates making a simulated seismic intensity influence map. From three aspects, the case presents the application of the template-matching method including: generating earthquake emergency features, substituting the features inside the template with the generated features, and revising map annotations. Therefore, the map template matching method is verified so that it can be used to quickly generate various earthquake emergency maps.     

�������編ʱ��InSAR�������У�������о�

????????λ???????????????3????????????????????編???н??????????????????????????????????2007~2010?????20??ENVISAT ASAR?????÷????????????????????Э??????????У?????????????????й????????????Э?????????????????????3.1 mm²??????0.6mm²????????80%??e-folding???????????1.5 km?????0.21 km????????86%????????編??????Ч??У????????е??????λ?????     

多匹配策略融合的无人机影像匹配方法

针对AKAZE算法在无人机影像匹配过程中存在的匹配精度低和稳定性较差问题,本文提出一种基于多匹配策略融合的改进影像匹配方法。该方法首先对影像降采样并利用AKAZE算法检测多尺度特征。然后采用一种稳定的RootSIFT描述符进行特征描述。其次,融合最近邻距离比值、双向匹配和余弦相似度约束匹配策略进行特征匹配以降低误匹配率。最后,采用随机抽样一致性(RANSAC)算法确定最终的特征对应关系,并求得几何变换模型。实验结果表明,该方法在获得更多正确匹配点对的同时具有较高的匹配正确率和精度,能够更好适用于无人机影像匹配。