Chemical ozone loss in the Arctic vortex in the winter 1995–96: HALOE measurements in conjunction with other observations

Severe chemical ozone loss has been detected in the Arctic in the winter and spring of 1995–96 by a variety of methods. Extreme reductions in column ozone due to halogen catalysed chemistry were derived from measurements of the Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) on board the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite in the Arctic vortex. Here, we discuss further aspects of the HALOE observations in the Arctic over this period. Potential problems, both in the data themselves and in the methodology of the data analysis are considered and the reason for the differences between the Arctic ozone losses deduced from HALOE data version 17 and 18 is analysed. Moreover, it is shown that HALOE measurements in the Arctic in winter and spring 1995–96 compare well with observations by other ground-based and satellite instruments.     

地热涡合并与1976年唐山大地震

分析了１９７６年唐山大地震前的地热涡活动,研究了地热涡活动与唐山大地震的关系,追踪了有关地热涡的发展演化史及其合并活动对有关地震的影响．研究表明,唐山大地震前我国大华北地区有巨大的地热涡群活动,与邢台地震前地热涡的成群聚集类似,并且同样在地震爆发前发生地热涡合并．这一现象是大华北地区强地震发生的重要前期事件之一     

造成山东不同天气的两个西南低涡异同分析

１９９６年６月２８－２９日和７月３－４日两桨相似的西南低涡东移,造成山东降水的范围和强度却悬殊柝大,分析发现,西南低涡影响山东产生天气差异的根本原因在于引导气流,物理机制和热力结构的不同,尤其是引导气流的差异,西南低涡的移向基本上沿引导气流方向,而其发展决定于高空冷却平流的强弱,给出了西南低涡造成了山东暴雨的天气概念模型,对今后预报此类暴雨提供了一些参考。     

1980～1994年台湾海峡两岸的地热涡与降水季度预报初探

利用１９８０～１９９４年大陆３．２ｍ深度和台湾３．０ｍ深度的地温资料,分析了１５ａ来的逐季地气图,统计了台湾海峡两岸的地热涡活动,发现平均每季有１个地热涡活动,其水平尺度比大陆内部的地热涡要小,生命史也要短,进入台湾地区的地热涡绝大多数是从西方和北方进入,其移动速度比大陆内部的要快得多。９０％以上的地热涡在同期有多雨区与其对应,热涡中心与多雨中心相距在１００ｋｍ以内者占６８％。最后给出了一个季度降水的定性预测方案,其步骤为：预报地热涡的中心位置、强度和水平尺度;推算降水正距平区的水平尺度、中心位置和强度;根据本区发生的地震等情况进行预报订正。     

A spectrum of the acoustic-gravity waves associated with Auroral electro-jet

This model concerns the analysis of Aurora initiated travelling pressure waves in an isothermal atmosphere. Electro-dynamic Lorentz Force associated with auroral electric current density during the periods of geomagnetic activity is invoked as a possible exciting source.The dispersion phenomena in auroral induced acoustic gravity modes in the earth's atmosphere are examined and various cut-off frequencies analysed.Finally, an attempt is made to obtain a far field representation of the forced oscillations by means of Green's Function technique. Therefrom, the spectral amplitudes of the ground-level oscillations are computed. Incorporating various scaling factors, it is deduced that these amplitude components are in reasonable agreement with the results of recent measurements.     

2007年红河州一次典型两高辐合区强降水过程分析

2007年7月,红河州多受两高间辐合区影响,产生强降水,选取7月18～20日强降水过程进行分析,得出:单纯的两高辐合区并不一定能产生强降水。虽然此次过程中有深厚的西南涡从四川东南移,但强降水的触发机制并不是西南涡,而是高空冷平流,且高空冷平流具有高层强、低层弱的特点。水汽、能量条件表现出在高层随着环流背景场南移、中低层少变的特点,较强的上升运动也集中在对流层中上层。MM5对于此次过程较强降水发生的时间、区域有较好的预报能力,但降水量级偏小。     

Relationship of Arctic sea ice and Northern Hemispheric 500 hPa Polar vortices

Using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis monthly 500 hPa height data on a 2.5 latitude-longitude grid and 1°×1° sea ice data,the polar vortex area,intensity index and arctic sea ice area index are calculated respectively,and the meridional distribution,period variation and the abrupts in the long range trend are analyzed to study their relationship.The results show that the meridional distribution of sea ice and polar vortex h-ave distinctive difference,the relative positions of them are different in the eastern and western hemispheres,and exept they have periods of 4 months,quasi half year,quasi year,4-5 years and 10 years commonly,and each of them has its own respective variation as well.The sea ice area is decreasing apparently since 1980's,so is the polar vortex area,but their abrupt changge time are different totally.The area of sea ice and polar vortex has prominent positive correlation,but the relationship of sea ice intensity,polar vortex intensity,polar vortex area is complicated.     

近50a东北冷涡异常特征及其与淮河流域降水的关系

利用美国国家环境预报/大气研究中心(NCEP/NCAR)再分析月平均数据分析了1960—2009 年夏季东北冷涡的异常特征,研究了夏季东北冷涡与同期淮河流域降水的关系,发现:东北冷涡偏强时,淮河流域的降水很可能偏多,东北冷涡偏弱时,淮河流域的降水很可能偏少。东北冷涡异常强年,淮河流域高低层环流具有斜压性,且低层有显著的正涡度发展,促进了上升对流运动活跃发展。而东北冷涡活动异常频繁,有利于引导潮湿阴冷的北方气流南下,与东亚夏季盛行的西南暖湿气流在淮河流域上空交汇,在上升运动的触发下,导致淮河流域降水明显增多;东北冷涡弱年的情况正好相反。