中国云南早泥盆世坡松冲植物群——探究早期陆生维管植物演化分异的窗口

简要回顾了目前云南早泥盆世坡松冲植物群的研究，论述了坡松冲植物群的时代、组成和性质。研究表明坡松冲植物群在某些简单的、常见的工蕨类植物和三枝蕨类植物组成的背景下，含有具复杂形态和结构特征的植物类群，显示了较劳亚大陆同期陆生维管植物更进化的营养器官、生殖器官分异的水平。不同古植物地理区的长期隔离（也就是，早泥盆世的东北冈瓦纳古植物地理区和华南亚区）和独特的环境可能是造成众多地方性分子演化分异的原因。坡松冲植物群的研究表明中国华南可能是早期陆生维管植物演化辐射的中心之一。     

通窍健步汤对血管性痴呆大鼠认知功能的影响

目的：研究通窍健步汤对血管性痴呆（VD）大鼠认知功能的影响。方法：将48只VD大鼠随机分成假手术组、模型组、尼莫地平组、通窍健步汤组,每组各12只。采用改良2-VO法制备VD模型,治疗结束后,用Morris水迷宫试验评价大鼠的认知功能,并检测血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）含量。结果：大鼠的逃避潜伏期、跨越平台次数及血清SOD、MDA水平,模型组与假手术组比较,尼莫地平组、通窍健步汤组与模型组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。结论：通窍健步汤能改善VD模型大鼠的认知能力,其机制可能与提高抗氧化应激能力有关。     

股骨头动脉血供的CTA评价

目的：探讨CTA评价股骨头动脉血供的临床价值与限度。方法：在AW4.2工作站,对115例非髋关节病变患者的201组股骨头颈部薄层动脉期4排螺旋CT图像进行回顾性3D重建,观察股骨头动脉血供显示情况。结果：CTA显示MCFA、LCFA敏感性为100%,其近段显示较好、中远段显示模糊或未显示;显示RA的敏感性为28.57%...     

青藏高原维管植物物种丰富度分布的情景模拟

如何充分利用离散的观测数据,通过对维管植物物种分布丰富度及其与生境因子之间的相互作用和影响机理的定量分析,实现维管植物物种丰富度的空间分布及其情景模拟,是目前生物多样性研究前沿和核心内容之一。针对这一问题,在实现青藏高原37个国家自然保护区的维管植物物种数量收集和边界数据矢量化的基础上,分别进行维管植物物种数量与土地覆盖类型、环境因子和景观生态指数等三大类生境因子之间的相关关系的定量计算和对比分析,筛选和确定最佳相关分析方程,进而构建青藏高原维管植物物种丰富度的空间模拟分析模型。该模型中,维管植物物种丰富度与生境因子之间的复相关系数为0.94,模型验证结果表明,青藏高原的维管植物物种的平均丰富度为496.79种/100 km²,其空间分布格局整体上呈东南向西北逐渐减少趋势;另外,除柴达木盆地荒漠区域以外,维管植物物种的空间分布随海拔的升高而减少。基于CMIP5 RCP 2.6、RCP 4.5和RCP 8.5三种气候情景模拟获得的青藏高原维管植物物种丰富度未来情景结果显示,在T0-T4（2010-2100）时段内,青藏高原维管植物物种丰富度整体将呈减少趋势。RCP 8.5情景下青藏高原维管植物物种丰富度的变化幅度最大,而RCP 2.6情景下的维管植物物种丰富度的变化幅度最小。研究表明,本文构建的模型能够对青藏高原维管植物物种丰富度的空间分布格局及其未来情景进行模拟分析,模拟结果可为青藏高原生物多样性及其对气候变化响应的综合评估和情景模拟提供方法和技术支持。     

福建省维管束植物物种多样性及其分布格局

截至2011年7月,福建省发现的维管束植物有250科1611属4839种（含亚、变种）,是中国植物多样性较为丰富的省份之一．福建维管束植物主要集中分布在武夷山脉和戴云山脉地区,其中武夷山脉北段具有物种丰富度高、特有种多等特点,是中国11个具有全球意义的生物多样性保护的关键区之一．武夷山脉中段是福建省自然保护区分布最为密集的区域,也是福建省植物物种多样性最为丰富的地区．以福建戴云山国家级自然保护区为核心的戴云山脉中段,分布着大面积的南亚热带季风常绿阔叶林,有着丰富的植物多样性,位于戴云山脉南段的博平岭则是福建省南亚热带雨林森林生态系统的典型分布区,其植物种类在福建省植物物种多样性中独树一帜．分布在福建滨海湿地的维管束植物虽然种类不多,但地域特色显著,是福建维管束植物的重要组成部分．     

Bioreactor technology for production of valuable algal products

INTRODUCTIONManystudiesonvascularplantSduringthenontwperiodhavedrireP0redinChinaandabroad.TherearefeWreportSonwhethertherearesomevasctilarplantS,andhowmanyspedessurvive,underice,andontheirbiomassesandphotosyntheticproduCtivitiesduringwinter,espedal1yduringbeAfpinchLillyamepe0ylenctal.,l976,Liuetal.,l994).WeimtlycarriedoutaseadriontheunderforvascularplantsdurinwinderinsomewaterbodieswherevascularplantSgrowluxdrianhydurinInildareonsinnorthemareas,soastoimproveourknowedgeofvascularplaflt…     

三维重建在孤立性肺结节血管集束征的诊断价值

目的:探讨三维重建图像对孤立性肺结节（SPN）血管集束征的显示及其诊断价值。资料与方法:回顾性分析经病理确诊的63例SPN,在三维重建工作站进行多平面重组（MPR）及容积再现（VR）,观察血管集束征的显示,统计分析两种方法的差异以及在良恶性SPN鉴别诊断中的应用价值。结果:SPN的血管集束征在VR图像显示率高于MPR（P<0.05）,在MPR和VR图像上,恶性SPN血管集束征的显示率均高于良性（P<0.05）。结论:三维重建图像能够更全面地显示血管集束征,对SPN的良恶性分析有一定的参考价值。      

5种南海海藻醇提取物活性初步研究

海藻是海洋生物代谢产物的主要来源之一,能产生丰富多样的生物活性物质.为了更好地利用中国南海的海藻资源,分别对采自中国湛江硇洲岛的1种绿藻基根硬毛藻Chaetomorpha basiretorsa Setchell和4种红藻刺状鱼栖苔Acantophora spicififera (Vahl) Boerg、三列凹顶藻Laurencia tristicha Tseng, Chang et Xia、紫杉状海门冬Asparagopsis taxiformis (Delile) Trevisan、鸡毛菜Pterocladia tenuis Okam进行了生物活性研究,分别对细胞毒活性(KB、Bel-7402、PC-3M、Ketr3和MCF-7)、Na~+,K~+-ATPase抑制活性以及犬血管平滑肌细胞增殖抑制活性进行了筛选,部分海藻提取物表现出一定的生理活性.     

Variations of O/O in plants from temperate peat bogs (Switzerland): implications for paleoclimatic studies

Despite the great potential of peat bogs as climatic archives, to date only few studies have focused on the climatic controls on cellulose isotopic composition in modern bog plants. This study attempts to calibrate plant-climate relationships by sampling a set of modern plant species (both vascular plants and mosses) and bog surface waters along an altitude transect in Switzerland. Isotopic analyses of water samples show that the δ¹⁸O-values of surface bog waters follow the trend of precipitation despite significant scatter in the data set. Detailed sampling of surface waters within one bog shows that δ¹⁸O-values vary widely and are closely related to the micro-topography of the bog surface. More enriched ¹⁸O/¹⁶O ratios in water samples collected from small raised hummocks than the ones collected from hollows are documented in both horizontal and vertical profiles. A δ¹⁸O-δD plot indicates that the process leading to the isotopic enrichment of the uppermost surface waters is evaporation, greater above Sphagnum covered hummocks than above open pools. To investigate the implications of such high variability of source water for plant α-cellulose δ¹⁸O-values, a detailed study of both surface water and α-cellulose δ¹⁸O-values within one site is conducted. The large δ¹⁸O variability observed in surface waters is found to be considerably smoothed in α-cellulose (by a factor of 5-10 depending on the plant species). This indicates that the water used by plant photosynthetic processes reflects the isotopic composition of the average annual precipitation. This points to a source water level for plants of a few decimeters where the variations are smaller than at the air-water interface. The response of the α-cellulose δ¹⁸O to the environmental gradient along the altitude transect varies considerably from species to species. For most of the species studied, the δ¹⁸O-values decrease with altitude, following the trends of δ¹⁸O-values in precipitation and in surface water samples. Some species, the cotton sedge Eriophorum vaginatum and the moss Sphagnum capillifolium, show statistically significant δ¹⁸O relationships to an altitude of −1.8‰/km and −2.9‰/km respectively. However, some other plant species, Calluna vulgaris, Vaccinium uliginosum, Andromeda poliflora, Carex pauciflora, Sphagnum cuspidatum and Sphagnum magellanicum, do not, or only partially, reflect changes in climatic parameters associated with an altitude increase. Furthermore, changes in relative humidity, which are not correlated with altitude, are found to explain a large part of the variability in δ¹⁸O-values for the sedge Carex pauciflora and the moss Sphagnum cuspidatum. Therefore, this study confirms the importance of species-specific studies when interpreting ¹⁸O/¹⁶O ratios of macrofossils along a fossil peat sequence as a record of past climate changes. Our study allows to extend the mechanistic model that isotopically links source water and cellulose to the physiological specificities of sedges and mosses. A comparison of the modeled and calculated net biological fractionation factors for Eriophorum vaginatum and Sphagnum capillifolium reveals that these two species appear to have a more homogeneous leaf reservoir than trees.     

滕州湿地水生维管植物群落调查和保护利用

调查记载了滕州湿地挺水植物群落、浮水植物群落、浮叶根生植物群落、沉水植物群落等4大类典型水生维管植物群落,其中包括芦苇群落、香蒲群落、菰群落、豆瓣菜群落、水苦荬群落、酸模叶蓼群落、空心莲子菜群落、浮萍群落、紫萍群落、水鳖群落、槐叶萍群落、莲群落、莕菜群落、睡莲群落、眼子菜群落、菱群落、芡群落、菹草群落、水毛茛群落、马来眼子菜+穿叶眼子菜群落、狐尾藻群落等21种群落类型,群落的组成以世界广布的植物为主,其次为暖温带性质的种类。同时对水生维管植物群落的生态价值、人类干扰及保护和利用等方面进行了讨论。