消能支撑-方钢管混凝土框架结构抗震性能的试验研究

本文设计了一榀消能支撑框架,方钢管混凝土通过不同频率、不同位移幅值下的水平低周反复荷载试验,验证了消能支撑框架优异的消能能力,提出了相关连接构造的设计建议,为中高层钢结构住宅提供了一种新的抗震设计思路。     

A study on the Local Joint Flexibility (LJF) of two-planar tubular DK-joints in jacket structures under in-plane bending loads

In the present paper, results of a parametric study conducted on the Local Joint Flexibility (LJF) of two-planar tubular DK-joints under In-Plane Bending (IPB) loads are presented. DK-joints are among the most common joint types in jacket substructure of Offshore Wind Turbines (OWTs). A total of 324 finite element (FE) analyses were carried out on 81 FE models under four types of IPB loading in order to investigate the effect of the DK-joint’s geometrical parameters on the LJF factor (f_LJF). Based on the results of parametric study, the factors leading to the LJF reduction were introduced. Generated FE models were verified using the existing experimental data, FE results, and parametric equations. The effect of the weld profile was also considered. The f_LJF in two-planar DK- and uniplanar K-joints were compared. Results indicated that the effect of multi-planarity on the LJF is quite significant and consequently the use of the equations already available for uniplanar K-joints to calculate the f_LJF in two-planar DK-joints may lead to highly under-/over-predicting results. To handle this issue, the FE results were used to derive a set of parametric equations for the prediction of the f_LJF in IPB-loaded two-planar DK-joints. The proposed equations were checked against the acceptance criteria recommended by the UK DoE and can be reliably used for the analysis and design of tubular joints in OWTs.     

Overcoming Squeezing in the Yacambú-Quibor Tunnel,Venezuela

Summary  The 5 m diameter 23.3 km long Yacambú-Quibor tunnel is designed to carry water through the Andes from the Yacambú dam in the wet tropical Orinoco basin to the semi-arid but fertile Quibor basin in western Venezuela. The tunnel is excavated in silicified and graphitic phyllites at depths of up to 1270 m below surface and extreme squeezing problems have been encountered. Construction involved 8 contracts extending over 32 years with breakthrough being achieved in July 2008. Several excavation methods and various lining designs were used over the years until the adoption of yielding support permitted the Owner and the Contractor to agree that only a circular section would be used and emphasis was placed on developing a routine construction procedure, irrespective of the rock conditions encountered at the face. This paper describes some of the rock engineering issues that were faced during the construction of this tunnel. Correspondence: E. Hoek, Consulting Engineer, Vancouver, Canada     

岩石节理分级剪切加载-蠕变-卸载的能量与变形特征

为分析岩石节理在剪切加载-蠕变-卸载下的能量演化与变形特征,利用GCTS（RDS?200型）岩石剪切测试系统对人工劈裂岩石节理进行分级剪切加载-蠕变-卸载试验。结果表明：在法向应力小于6.5 MPa和大于7.8 MPa时,滞回环面积与循环级数分别符合线性和指数关系;总变形能和弹性变形能与法向应力呈正相关,与循环级数呈指数关系;塑性变形能与循环级数和法向载荷呈正相关。各级剪切应力加载终止时的剪切位移外包络线与直剪应力-位移曲线变化趋势相同,具有加速上升段、匀速上升段和匀速下降段;累积剪切塑性变形随循环级数增加而增大,但增大速率逐渐变慢;各级剪切加、卸载曲线均能以剪切滑移点为界分为两个阶段;剪切失稳前,加、卸载阶段的法向位移-剪切应力曲线出现在上一循环前方,循环剪切加载和（或）蠕变结束时的累积法向变形出现从增加到减小的现象。     

低周反复荷载作用下矩形钢管混凝土柱与钢梁连接节点的受力性能

本文进行了2种矩形钢管混凝土柱与钢梁连接节点——翼缘全螺栓(BFP)连接节点与外加强环(WFP-BW)连接节点在柱端低周反复荷载作用下的抗震性能试验,分析比较了这2类节点与焊接翼缘板(WFP)连接节点在不同轴压比下的滞回性能、强度与刚度退化、延性比与耗能比、破坏机理与破坏特征,得出了一些有参考价值的结论。     

含横向节理的柱状节理岩体力学特性试验研究

针对柱状节理岩体的构造特性,采用水泥砂浆等材料制作出具有不同柱体倾角且含有横向节理分布的柱状节理岩体模型,并通过单轴压缩试验,研究柱体倾角和横向节理对岩体各向异性力学特性及破坏机制的影响。结果表明：试样峰值强度和变形模量随柱体倾角变化曲线均近似为U形,并体现出典型的各向异性特征;随着柱体倾角的变化,试样单轴压缩破坏模式可分为垂直于柱体轴向的劈裂破坏、沿纵向节理面的剪切滑移破坏、滑移破坏与劈裂破坏同时发生的复合破坏和平行于柱体轴向的劈裂破坏4类;横向节理的存在降低了柱状节理岩体沿柱轴方向的完整性,并影响了劈裂破坏裂纹的分布与扩展,因此,横向节理切割柱体是影响柱状节理岩体承载能力的重要因素。     

钢管混凝土短柱支座隔震性能研究

本文提出一种钢管混凝土短柱隔震支座座，通过伪静力试验测定了短柱支座的恢复力特性，给出了有关恢复力的某些特征参数的表达式；对一座廿层砌体主房屋进行了非线性地震反应分析，考察了短柱支座的特性及其隔震效果；通过模型振动台试验，进一步验证了短柱支座的耳震效果和计算模型的准确性。     

福建镇海一带玄武岩柱状节理的动力学研究：兼论柱状节理的成因

根据流体动力学和自组织理论,研究了玄武岩柱状节理形成的动力学特征,并应用福建镇海一带玄武岩平均化学成分,估算出动力学方程中所涉及的参数,求出了断面直径与节理柱体长度之间的函数关系,并用数值计算方法,求出了R_a,d和L的值,其结果与该地区的地质实际基本吻合,最后探讨了柱状节理的成因机理,并把柱状节理的形成过程划分为两个阶段:(1)热耗散-对流阶段,(2)冷却-收缩阶段。     

圆钢管混凝土截面延性系数

首先介绍了圆钢管混凝土中核心混凝土极限压应变的计算方法，通过参数分析，给出了核心混凝土极限压应变的限值。在此基础上，建立了截面极限曲率的计算公式，给出圆钢管混凝土截面延性系数的计算方法，并对有关影响因素进行分析，最后给出延性系数的建议值。研究进一步表明，圆钢管混凝土具有良好的抗震性能。     

ABAQUS软件中部分土模型简介及其工程应用

介绍了ABAQUS软件中部分土本构模型,包括扩展Drucker-Prager模型和Mohr-Coulomb模型,探讨了二者的关系及扩展Drucker-Prager模型的适用性.通过分析得出了当内摩擦角>22°时,不能采用Drucker-Prager 模型逼近Mohr-Coulomb模型,当内摩擦角≤22°时则可以代替.并介绍了服从弹性库仑摩擦本构模型的三结点接触单元.以筒桩工程实例为算例,分析了筒桩内外侧摩阻力发挥性状,给出了荷载沉降计算曲线,并与实测曲线进行了对比,二者吻合较好,说明了有限单元法的有效性.