基于语义匹配的遥感信息处理服务组合方法

针对时域、空间、专题、分辨率等多种语义相互关联所导致的遥感信息处理服务组合的准确性难题,提出了一种基于语义匹配的遥感信息处理服务组合方法,包括多层次的遥感信息处理服务语义匹配和渐进精化的服务组合,即时构建与用户需求相关的服务关系与或图,将后续服务选择范围限定在需求相关服务的范围之内,在关系与或图中进行启发式搜索,并选择语义匹配度最高的子图作为服务组合的结果。     

爬山法在影像匹配中的应用

对传统的爬山法进行改进,通过两个方向的整体搜索来预测峰值可能出现的区域,使其能很快的找到峰值位置。试验表明这种方法减少了相关系数的计算,提高匹配的速度并且保证了匹配的精度。     

Hyperspectral image classification by a variable interval spectral average and spectral curve matching combined algorithm

Classification of hyperspectral images has been receiving considerable attention with many new applications reported from commercial and military sectors. Hyperspectral images are composed of a large number of spectral channels, and have the potential to deliver a great deal of information about a remotely sensed scene. However, in addition to high dimensionality, hyperspectral image classification is compounded with a coarse ground pixel size of the sensor for want of adequate sensor signal to noise ratio within a fine spectral passband. This makes multiple ground features jointly occupying a single pixel. Spectral mixture analysis typically begins with pixel classification with spectral matching techniques, followed by the use of spectral unmixing algorithms for estimating endmembers abundance values in the pixel. The spectral matching techniques are analogous to supervised pattern recognition approaches, and try to estimate some similarity between spectral signatures of the pixel and reference target. In this paper, we propose a spectral matching approach by combining two schemes—variable interval spectral average (VISA) method and spectral curve matching (SCM) method. The VISA method helps to detect transient spectral features at different scales of spectral windows, while the SCM method finds a match between these features of the pixel and one of library spectra by least square fitting. Here we also compare the performance of the combined algorithm with other spectral matching techniques using a simulated and the AVIRIS hyperspectral data sets. Our results indicate that the proposed combination technique exhibits a stronger performance over the other methods in the classification of both the pure and mixed class pixels simultaneously.     

瑞利波在非均匀饱和地基中的传播特性

考虑地基横观各向同性和非均匀性,建立孔隙率、密度、剪切模量及渗透系数同时随深度变化的非均匀饱和地基模型,模型中考虑参数间的耦连影响,并引入非均匀因子表征地基的不均匀程度。基于Biot多孔介质理论建立以土骨架位移和孔隙水压力为基本未知量的控制方程,采用微分算子法对控制方程进行解耦求解,推导出非均匀饱和地基中瑞利波的频散方程。将推导结果分别退化到均匀饱和地基和单一弹性地基,验证了结果的正确性。通过数值算例,对非均匀饱和地基中瑞利波的传播速度、衰减系数及位移分布进行分析。结果表明：在低频区,饱和地基的非均匀性对瑞利波传播速度、衰减和位移都有显著影响,质点运动轨迹也由此发生变化;随着频率的升高,这种影响逐渐减小,当频率趋于无穷大时,瑞利波速度收敛于弹性地基中的波速;地基非均匀性增大了瑞利波的传播阻抗性,瑞利波位移加速衰减,传播深度小于均匀饱和地基。随着非均匀性增大,质点竖向位移的衰减快于水平位移,这种差异造成质点椭圆运动轨迹的扁率减小。此外,地基中非均匀土层厚度越小,则地基非均匀程度越高,对瑞利波的传播影响越大。     

涪陵页岩气田加密井轨道优化设计技术

为了进一步降低涪陵页岩气田加密调整井的施工难度,提高钻井速度,针对涪陵工区的地质特点,开展加密井轨道优化设计技术研究。页岩气三维轨道设计主要有五点六段制、斜面圆弧六段制、双二维等三种类型,本文通过定向段长、摩阻、扭矩等指标对比优选,得出斜面圆弧三维轨道设计更适合涪陵工区加密井轨道设计。为了优化斜面圆弧三维轨道设计参数,本文以一口三维水平井为例进行轨道优化,通过对比不同造斜点、造斜率情况下摩阻和扭矩的变化规律,以摩阻扭矩最小为优化目标,优选造斜点和造斜率,为涪陵页岩气田加密井轨道优化设计提供借鉴。     

A fine balance: Accommodation dominated control of contemporaneous cool-carbonate shelf-edge clinoforms and tropical reef-margin trajectories,North Carnarvon Basin,Northwestern Australia

The concurrent development of a cool-carbonate Miocene clinoform system and the tropical reef which developed on its shelf in the North Carnarvon Basin is studied. The study, based on seismic interpretation and geometrical analysis, seeks to investigate how the architecture of the clinoforms develops in relation to the advance of the reef-margin, providing a proxy for discussing contemporaneous shoreline versus shelf-edge development. The progradation of the reef and shelf-edge often display a closely mirrored development, although the reef twice advances an order of two to three times the concurrent advance of the shelf-edge. The forced regression of the second advance, as compared to the normal regression during the first, is observed in proportionally higher input of sediment towards advance of the shelf-edge and toe, along with a gentler slope. The inability of the shelf-edge to keep pace with the reef-margin (and by proxy the shoreline) during lower accommodation/sedimentation is a result of the increased volume of sediment required to match reef-margin advance beyond the shelf-edge. Increased accommodation/sedimentation ratios promote higher trajectories where the volumes on shelf and slope are more balanced and the development more closely matched. The observed matched development of reef and shelf-edge during both limited and increased slope sedimentation, suggest that accommodation is the dominant control on the location and trajectory of both ‘shoreline’ and shelf-edge, and that excess sediment is deposited along the slope.     

一种遥感影像地面控制点动态模板匹配算法

 鉴于影像灰度控制点匹配算法运算量大、识别精度低以及约束条件多等不足，本文对该算法做了改进。主要思路是： 在进行模板运算时，对目标影像采用动态模板进行不等距搜索； 利用灰度相关系数双阈值和等角变换，对目标控制点进行判别； 结合控制点间的空间位置关系，对未识别出的控制点进行定位。文中给出了具体的实施流程，并采用ASTER和TM两种成像差异显著的图像数据，对优化前后的匹配算法进行对比试验。结果表明，改进算法在运算效率、识别精度以及适应性方面，都比传统算法有明显优势。     

高光谱遥感数据的DNA计算分类

提出了一种基于DNA计算的高光谱遥感数据光谱匹配分类新方法。该方法利用DNA编码提取各类地物光谱所携带的物理吸收与反射特征信息,将地物光谱特征转换为DNA编码空间特征,通过DNA计算基因操作寻找各类地物最典型的DNA信息链。在此基础上,利用DNA计算原理建立一系列模糊规则,对高光谱数据进行光谱匹配分类。通过与传统的光谱匹配算法(二值编码,光谱角,光谱差分特征编码)的分类结果进行比较,证明该算法分类精度优于传统高光谱数据的光谱匹配分类方法,具有实用价值。     

一种改进的快速特征点匹配方法

如何进行快速特征点匹配是计算机视觉领域研究的热点问题之一,基于层级式K均值聚类的分类树算法能对特征点实现快速分类。然而,当用该方法进行特征点匹配时不仅会产生大量误匹配点,而且还会丢失许多匹配点。本文对该方法进行研究后,从建树和匹配两个方面对算法进行了改进,使其更加适合于特征点匹配。实验结果表明,改进后的分类树算法能够在保持原算法匹配速度快特点的同时还能够有效降低误匹配率和漏匹配率。     

一种基于统计模型的自适应窗口匹配方法

提高匹配精度和效率是摄影测量的主要研究内容之一。本文基于统计模型计算窗口灰度波动及视差波动,根据视差和其不确定性估计调整窗口。在调整窗口的同时确定最佳匹配点位,实现动态窗口匹配,匹配精度达到子像素级。通过对无人机影像匹配的实验结果验证了模型的有效性和实用性。