蓝小公路边坡防护

蓝小公路的边坡防护方法从性质看可分为两类: 一是消除或削弱使边坡稳定性降低的各种应力因素; 二是直接削减推滑力及提高抗滑力。对某一特定边坡来说, 其治理方法依照“概念化设计, 信息化施工”的原则, 不断优化设计, 采取综合处理措施。文中对 K10和 K12两处规模较大的边坡防护处理方法进行了分析, 并对新型的防护系统 SNS网做了简要说明。      

路基边坡的植物防护方法

针对目前公路边坡防护的现状及发展趋势,较系统地介绍了多种路基边坡植物防护方法,并指出了公路路基边坡植物防护方法中需要进一步研究和解决的问题。      

金沙江虎跳峡水电站龙蟠坝区坝肩边坡的稳定性研究

论文从龙蟠地区的基本地质环境入手,分析了工程区的地貌地质特征,以此获取了客观的计算模型。在此基础上,对在现今应力场作用下工程坝肩边坡的稳定性采用了有限元模拟,并对模拟的结果进行分析,得出坝肩边坡在现今应力场作用下左岸岩体应力-形变处于明显卸荷状态,右岸滑坡体处于明显的应力松驰阶段,但总体来说坝肩边坡在天然状态下是处于稳定状态的;同时对右岸滑坡体采用不平衡推力法对各种工况条件下的稳定性进行计算,并对计算结果进行分析得出右岸滑坡体在各种工况条件下也是处于稳定状态的。      

雾化雨入渗对溪洛渡水垫塘区岸坡稳定性的影响

运用不平衡推力传递法编制了考虑非饱和带基质吸力和暂态附加水荷载等作用的岩坡稳定分析程序ZSLP。根据雾化雨模型试验结果和岸坡护面措施可能发挥的功效,拟定了12种分析工况。在12种雾化雨入渗工况下,用ZSLP程序对溪洛渡水垫塘区岸坡进行了稳定分析。分析结果表明,雾化雨入渗能显著降低岸坡的稳定安全系数,安全系数的降幅对护面措施的功效比较敏感,应重视控制雾化雨的入渗。     

Simulation on slope uncertainty derived from DEMs at different resolution levels： a case study in the Loess Plateau

Slope is one of the crucial terrain variables in spatial analysis and land use planning, especially in the Loess Plateau area of China which is suffering from serious soil erosion. DEM based slope extracting method has been widely accepted and applied in practice. However slope accuracy derived from this method usually does not match with its popularity. A quantitative simulation to slope data uncertainty is important not only theoretically but also necessarily to applications. This paper focuses on how resolution and terrain complexity impact on the accuracy of mean slope extracted from DEMs of different resolutions in the Loess Plateau of China. Six typical geomorphologic areas are selected as test areas, representing different terrain types from smooth to rough. Their DEMs are produced from digitizing contours of 1:10,000 scale topographic maps. Field survey results show that 5 m should be the most suitable grid size for representing slope in the Loess Plateau area. Comparative and math-simulation methodology was employed for data processing and analysis. A linear correlativity between mean slope and DEM resolution was found at all test areas, but their regression coefficients related closely with the terrain complexity of the test areas. If taking stream channel density to represent terrain complexity, mean slope error could be regressed against DEM resolution (X) and stream channel density (S) at 8 resolution levels and expressed as(0.0015S2 0.031S-0.0325)X-0.0045S2-0.155S 0.1625, with a R2 value of over 0.98. Practical tests also show an effective result of this model in applications. The new development methodology applied in this study should be helpful to similar researches in spatial data uncertainty investigation.     

三峡永久船闸中隔墩岩体变形分析

针对三峡永久船闸中隔墩变形监测资料所反映出的几种典型变形规律,采用有限元数值分析和工程地质条件分析等研究手段进行了深入细致的分析得出以下结论：中隔墩岩体水平位移值的波动是由于临槽的不同步开挖引起的;第二闸室至第三闸室首的中隔墩向北“一边倒”是因为南北闸室地应力的差异和结构面的存在;中隔墩沿深度方向水平位移数值发生突变的原因是结构面的存在。并为研究岩土工程变形监测资料中的“个性问题”（或称异常情况）提供了一种有益的借鉴。     

凤滩电厂近坝库区边坡岩体力学性质试验研究

通过室内岩石力学性质、节理岩样剪切强度试验及现场岩体结构面推剪试验研究,对凤滩电厂近坝库区4个边坡岩体的强度和变形特性进行了分析,取得了边坡岩体力学性质基本参数。为边坡稳定性分析及工程设计提供了可靠依据。     

试论伏牛山南坡土壤垂直分异规律——兼论亚热带北界的划分

在野外土壤调查和室内土壤理化分析的基础上,开展了伏牛山南坡土壤组成和性质垂直分异、土壤类型划分以及亚热带北界问题的讨论。研究表明：(1) 调查断面上土壤表层HA/FA随高度增加而增大,且均小于1,海拔900 m左右土壤胡敏酸的芳构化程度最低;随高度增加土壤pH和盐基饱和度先下降后上升;海拔900 m以下的土壤中均有明显的黏化层,向上土壤黏粒淋溶淀积逐渐减弱;海拔900 m以下的土壤土体风化程度高,大部分氧化物的平均迁移系数和土体淋溶率小于1,土体Saf小于5.06,淀积层游离铁含量大于20 g·kg-1,铁游离度大于40%,具有弱富铁铝作用,剖面中出现明显的铁锰新生体,而向上土体风化程度减弱,不发生富铁铝作用,剖面中不出现铁锰新生体。(2) 伏牛山南坡海拔550 m以下出现黏磐黄褐土 (饱和黏磐湿润淋溶土),550~950 m出现普通黄棕壤 (普通铁质湿润淋溶土),950~1900 m出现棕壤 (普通简育湿润淋溶土或暗沃简育湿润雏形土),1900 m以上出现暗棕壤性土或草甸暗棕壤 (暗沃冷凉湿润雏形土)。(3) 伏牛山南坡亚热带北界约在海拔950 m。     

秦岭黄淮平原交界带自然地理特征

The features of physical geography in the transitional region between Qinling Mountains and Huanghuai Plain possess transitional characters evidently in two directions： one is from the western mountain to the eastern plain and the other is from southern subtropical zone to northern temperate zone. Torrential rain, especially strong torrential rain is frequent in the transitional region, and there are many torrential rain centers. A majority of torrential rain is distributed among 100-200 m asl. The winter temperature at 100-400 m asl is higher than that in Huanghuai Plain whose altitude is lower than that of the transitional region, and the highest temperature in January appears at 350-400 m asl.The thickness of warm slope belt in the transitional region varies from 100 m to 250 m asl. The formation of torrential rain and warm slope belt is the result of joint action of atmospheric circulation and local terrain. Frequent torrential rains and warm slope belt had tremendous influences on the soil properties, plant distribution and local climate in the transitional region.     

青藏高原融冻泥流型滑坡灾害及其稳定性评价方法

青藏高原多年冻土地区融冻泥流型滑坡属于长度与深度之比为无限大的浅层滑坡,应用无限斜坡分析方法研究滑坡的稳定性是完全合适的。考虑渗流方向与斜坡方向一致的情况,应用有效应力原理,本文推导出不同含水条件下融冻泥流型滑坡安全系数的解析表达式,绘制出了干土坡和完全饱水土坡稳定性分析图表,并对青藏公路K30 35里程融冻泥流型滑坡进行了稳定性分析及评价。