南大巴山冲断构造及其剪切挤压动力学机制

南大巴山是一个形成于T3－K1，滑脱深度小于8－10km 的扬于板块北缘薄皮冲断锲它主要由发育在显生宙地层中台阶状逆断层及断层相关褶皱构成的逆冲岩席、双重推覆体和冲起构造等组成。变形扩展以前列式为主。经平衡地质剖面制作，因冲断南大巴山地壳缩短率平均达49.3％。并以每年约1.28mm 的速率总体缩短约64km，它的成因受控于秦岭碰撞造山过程中扬于板块北缘A型俯冲所提供挤压应力，在向南扩展时，由于古大陆边缘形态不一所诱发的右旋剪切挤压动力学机制。     

准南前陆冲断带烃源岩地质地球化学特征

准南前陆冲断带具有丰富的油气资源,但与资源评价关系密切的烃源岩研究不足。本文应用地球化学分析方法,对准南前陆冲断带的上二叠统、中下侏罗统、下白垩统和古近系等4套烃源岩的有机质丰度、有机质类型、热演化程度进行了系统分析和综合对比。结果表明,上二叠统烃源岩和中下侏罗统烃源岩为良好的烃源岩,古近系安集海河组其次,下白垩统烃源岩相对较差。     

Study of thrust and nappe tectonics in the eastern Jiaodong Peninsula, China

Thrust and nappe tectonics have affected the eastern Jiaodong Peninsula, the easternmost terminal of the Sulu Ultra-high Pressure Metamorphic Belt. Four nappes have been mapped, named respectively the Shidao, Rongcheng, Mishan and Mouping nappes. The methods used included multi-scale struc- tural analysis and structural chronology analysis. These nappes define four deep level slip-thrust shear zones that were mainly active in the Mesozoic. The amount of ductile deformation decreases from the Shidao to Rongcheng to Mouping to Mishan shear zones, and shows an inverse relationship with temperature. 40Ar/39Ar chronological analysis and the chronological results of former workers reveal four movement steps defined by the development of thrusts and nappes in the late Triassic (210-180 Ma), extensional movement from the Jurassic to early Cretaceous (180-130 Ma), slip-thrust movement in the Early Cretaceous (130-120 Ma), and extensional movement since the Late Cretaceous (120 Ma). The order of boundary shear zone motion in the period of slip-thrust movement during the Early Cre- taceous (130-120 Ma) was along the Shidao, Rongcheng, Mouping and finally the Mishan shear zone. This resulted in clockwise rotation of the nappes relative to block west to the Tan-Lu Faults. Because of the similar evolutionary history of the Tan-Lu Faults and the thrust and nappe structure in the eastern Jiaodong Peninsula, slip dislocation along the Tan-Lu Faults might have been absorbed by thrust and nappe tectonics in the Jiaodong area in the Mesozoic era, resulting in much less dislocation on the Tan-Lu faults in North Eastern China than that in south along the Jiaodong Peninsula.     

Gangdese retroarc thrust belt and foreland basin deposits in the Damxung area, southern Tibet

Geologic mapping and U–Pb detrital zircon geochronologic studies of (meta)sedimentary rocks in the Damxung area (90 km north of Lhasa) of the southern Lhasa terrane in Tibet provide new insights into the history of deformation and clastic sedimentation prior to late Cenozoic extension. Cretaceous nonmarine clastic rocks 10 km southeast of Damxung are exposed as structural windows in the footwall of a thrust fault (the Damxung thrust) that carries Paleozoic strata in the hanging wall. To the north of Damxung in the southern part of the northern Nyainqentanglha Range (NNQTL), metaclastic rocks of previously inferred Paleozoic age are shown to range in depositional age from Late Cretaceous to Eocene. The metaclastic rocks regionally dip southward and are interpreted to have been structurally buried in the footwall of the Damxung thrust prior to being tectonized during late Cenozoic transtension. Along the northern flank of the NNQTL, Lower Eocene syncontractional redbeds were deposited in a triangle zone structural setting. All detrital zircon samples of Cretaceous–Eocene strata in the Damxung area include Early Cretaceous grains that were likely sourced from the Gangdese arc to the south. We suggest that the that newly recognized Late Cretaceous to Early Eocene (meta)clastic deposits and thrust faults represent the frontal and youngest part of a northward directed and propagating Gangdese retroarc thrust belt and foreland basin system that led to significant crustal thickening and elevation gain in southern Tibet prior to India-Asian collision.     

基于生活圈理论的合肥市城市养老服务设施空间配置合理性研究

基于生活圈理论,构建了城市养老服务设施空间配置合理性评价标准,运用GIS空间分析方法,从城市、行政区及街道等不同空间层面对合肥市城市养老服务设施空间分布特征及配置合理性进行分析。研究发现：1）合肥市城市养老供给以社区养老服务为主要类型,城市养老服务设施建设数量和体量在4个行政区间存有较大差异;2）合肥市城市养老服务设施空间分布、配置合理性均由城市中心向外围地区呈圈层式递减,城市新区是养老服务供给的薄弱地段;3）合肥市城市养老服务设施空间配置合理性在街道层面差异更显著,覆盖率相似街道呈现明显的空间聚集特征。     

跨境水资源的分配模式、原则和指标体系研究

综合研究了跨境水资源分配的特点、目标、模式、原则、指标体系和影响等因素:①对近10年来跨境水资源分配的研究进行了总结,归纳出新的发展趋势;②从自然和国际法两方面属性分析跨境水资源的特点,判识跨境水分配的核心问题和难点;③系统地分析了全局分配、项目分配和流域整体规划分配等分水模式;④在分析跨境水资源的分配原则基础上,提出了分水技术指标体系,并探讨了其影响因数和主要指标的确定;⑤结合这些研究,对我国的跨境水资源分配,提出了相关建议。     

前陆盆地冲断带构造分段特征及其对油气成藏的控制作用

以中国中西部典型前陆盆地为例,分析了典型前陆盆地前陆冲断带的构造分段特征,总结构造分段的主控因素主要包括构造动力学背景、调节构造、构造变形期次与构造叠加、滑脱层与构造变形强度的影响等。中国中西部前陆冲断带的油气勘探成果表明,构造分段特征对不同构造段油气成藏具有明显的影响和控制作用,主要表现为:不同构造段的油气富集层位不同;不同构造段的油气成藏时间及成藏期次特征存在差异,主成藏期也不同。     

不同饱水条件下蚀变岩边坡稳定性分析

露天矿坑蓄水后,边坡岩体长期处于浸水状态,导致岩石抗剪强度产生弱化,对边坡的稳定性产生不利影响。为分析不同饱水条件对边坡蚀变岩抗剪强度参数的影响,对仓上金矿露天矿蚀变岩试件分别进行0、8、20、35、60、100d的饱水处理。由饱水岩样的常规三轴试验结果可得,在不同酸性环境、不同饱水时间条件下,蚀变岩的内摩擦角和粘聚力产生明显的损伤弱化,饱水时间弱化作用强于浸水溶液的酸性状态。饱水时间大于60d后,抗剪强度参数的降低幅度明显减小,饱水时间产生的弱化作用是一定的。根据不平衡推力法对划分露天边坡条块,求解边坡的安全系数,随着饱水时间的增加和浸水溶液酸性的增强,边坡的安全系数呈现显著降低趋势,边坡发生滑坡的概率逐渐增大。试验与理论研究结果可以更好的为露天矿边坡的支护设计提供重要依据。     

2013年4月20日四川芦山MS7.0地震:一个高角度逆冲地震

利用中国地震台网和IRIS数据中心提供的近远震数字地震波形记录,首先读取P波初动方向,在考虑深度误差和速度模型引起的离源矢量误差基础上,利用网格搜索方法,计算了2013年4月20日四川芦山M_S7.0地震断层面解,其断层面走向/倾角/滑动角依次为212°/44°/92°.然后采用近远震波形联合反演方法(CAPjoint),反演了地震矩心深度和点源近似下双力偶解,表明地震发生在12 km深度,发震断层面参数为212°/47°/93°.通过分析波形反演中深度和震源区地震波速度模型对断层面倾角的影响,并结合短期余震机制解,认为芦山M_S7.0地震是一个高角度逆冲地震.     

Thrust geometries in unconsolidated Quaternary sediments and evolution of the Eupchon Fault, southeast Korea

Abstract The Korean peninsula is widely regarded as being located at the relatively stable eastern margin of the Asian continent. However, more than 10 Quaternary faults have recently been discovered in and reported from the southeastern part of the Korean Peninsula. One of these, the Eupchon Fault, was discovered during the construction of a primary school, and it is located close to a nuclear power plant. To understand the nature and characteristics of the Quaternary Eupchon Fault, we carried out two trench surveys near the discovery site. The fault system includes one main reverse fault (N20°E/40°SE) with approximately 4 m displacement, and a series of branch faults, cutting unconsolidated Quaternary sediments. Structures in the fault system include synthetic and antithetic faults, hanging‐wall anticlines, drag folds, back thrusts, pop‐up structures, flat‐ramp geometries and duplexes, which are very similar to those seen in thrust systems in consolidated rocks. In the upper part of the fault system, several tip damage zones are observed, indicating that the fault system propagates upward and terminates in the upper part of the section. Pebbles along the main fault plane show a preferred orientation of long axes, indicating the fault trace. The unconformity surface between the Quaternary deposits and the underlying Tertiary andesites or Cretaceous sedimentary rocks is displaced by this fault with a reverse movement sense. The stratigraphic relationship shows normal slip sense at the lower part of the section, indicating that the fault had a normal slip movement and was reversely reactivated during the Quaternary. The inferred length of the Quaternary thrust fault, based on the relationship between fault length and displacement, is 200–2000 m. The current maximum horizontal compressive stress direction in this area is generally east‐northeast–west‐southwest, which would be expected to produce oblique slip on the Eupchon Fault, with reverse and right‐lateral strike‐slip components.