东白令海三种经济鲽类捕捞群体结构与生长特性比较

对东白令海水域双线鲽(Lepidopsetta bilineata)、太平洋拟庸鲽(Hippoglosso-ides elassodon)和阿拉斯加鲽(Pleuronectes quadrituberculata)等三种经济鲽类的捕捞群体结构和生长特性进行比较。得出结论是:(1)捕捞群体结构复杂;(2)渐近体长和渐近体重较大、寿命长、K值小;(3)雌鱼比雄鱼个体大、生长快、寿命长;(4)三种鲽类的捕捞群体结构和生长特性有明显差异。     

渤、黄、东海内潮的数值模拟

在全球的海洋中,中国东海和临近海域是最显著的内潮生成地之一。本文采用NODC(Levitus) World Ocean Atlas 1998提供的季平均温、盐资料,计算海水的密度,并计算垂向密度梯度的最大值点,得到一个较符合海水实际的密度分层。使用三维非线性数值模型(将海洋分为2层)研究了潮汐(M2,S2,K1,O1分潮)作用下渤黄东海的内潮,揭示了整个海区内潮起伏的空间分布,结果发现大振幅的波动均发生在台湾东北(冲绳海槽)海域和中国近海地形突变之处,其中前者更显著。对于各分潮模拟得到的表面潮与TOPEX/Poseidon高度计资料基本一致。研究结果表明上层海水的深度和厚度的梯度对内潮有一定的影响;冬季分布区域比夏季小,强度比夏季大。     

海上矿石运输最优船队的组建

针对海上矿石运输，介绍了一种完成定量任务并能使投资费用最少为目标的最优船队组建方法，同时对易变参数进行了灵敏度分析，使决策更加科学化     

黄海陆架表层水温的低频振动

本文在对位于黄海南部陆架上的朝连岛站30年水温资料进行分析时发现,该站的表层水温有周期大于20个月的低频振动,其中以准两年周期和6年周期最显著。陆架水温的这种低频振动是对东亚季风异常的响应。这种低频振动在冬季与渤海冰情的变化同步;在夏季与黄海底层冷水团的强弱相关。同时,这种低频振动在对马暖流上也有一定的反映。     

A preliminary study of carbon system in the East China Sea

In the central part of the East China Sea, the activity of CO₂ in the surface water and total carbonate, pH and alkalinity in the water column were determined in winter and autumn of 1993. The activity of CO₂ in the continental shelf water was about 50 ppm lower than that of surface air. This decrease corresponds to the absorption of about 40 gC/m²/yr of atmospheric CO₂ in the coastal zone or 1 GtC/yr in the global continental shelf, if this rate is applicable to entire coastal seas. The normalized total carbonate contents were higher in the water near the coast and near the bottom. This increase toward the bottom may be due to the organic matter deposited on the bottom. This conclusion is supported by the distribution of pH. The normalized alkalinity distribution also showed higher values in the near-coast water, but in the surface water, indicating the supply of bicarbonate from river water. The residence time of the East China Sea water, including the Yellow Sea water, has been calculated to be about 0.8 yr from the excess alkalinity and the alkalinity input. Using this residence time and the excess carbonate, we can estimate that the amount of dissolved carbonate transported from the coastal zone to the oceanic basin is about 70 gC/m²/yr or 2 GtC/yr/area-of-global-continental-shelf. This also means that the rivers transport carbon to the oceans at a rate of 30 gC/m²/yr of the coastal sea or 0.8 GtC/yr/ area-of-global shelf, the carbon consisting of dissolved inorganic carbonate and terrestrial organic carbon decomposed on the continental shelf.     

协方差阵二次型容许估计的一个必要条件

研究协方差阵Σ的二次型容许估计问题。设 y1,y2 ,… ,yniid,n≥ 2 ,y1与 p维正态分布N (β,Σ )有相同的前四阶矩。其中β =(β1,β2 ,… ,βp)′∈ Rp与Σ =(σij) p× p >0均未知。记 y =△ (y1,y2 ,… ,yn)′。在二次损失 L (d ,Σ ) =tr(d -Σ) 2下给出Σ的二次型估计 a S2 + nby-y-′是容许估计的必要条件为 :(n - 1) a + b + 2 max(a,b)≤ 1。此必要条件比张立振等协方差阵的二次型容许估计中的必要条件有了明显的加强     

光照强度对海洋微藻脂肪含量及脂肪酸组成影响的研究

近年来，海洋微藻脂肪酸组成的研究及其应用越来越受到国内外科学家的重视。高度不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)，特别是长链的n-3 PUFA，如二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)对海洋动物和人类都具有营养学和医学上的价值。在海洋微藻的培养过程中，光照强度是海洋微藻生长的条件之一，光线的明与暗，光度的强与弱，不仅对微藻的生长速率、产量有影响，而且对其脂肪含量和脂肪酸的组成也有影响(Teshima et al.，1983；Thompson et al.，1990； Renaud et al., 1991)。 作者在以往研究的基础上，选择了3种有代表性的海洋微藻：(1)小球藻Chlorella sp-2(李荷芳等，1999)，此藻脂肪酸中EPA含量高、且不含DHA；(2)球等鞭金藻(Isochrysis galbana)，该藻DHA含量较高，但几乎不含EPA；(3)前沟藻(Amphidinium sp.)的EPA、DHA含量均高。将以上3种微藻作为原料，在不同的光照强度下进行培养，测定并分析藻体中的脂肪含量和脂肪酸组成的变化，从而了解光强对海洋微藻脂肪含量及其脂肪酸组成的影响。     

北黄海盆地区域地质特征

北黄海盆地位于黄海的北部，由于勘探程度低，研究投入少，使得它成为我国迄今为止尚未发现油气的惟一海区。随着我国在南黄海盆地和朝鲜在北黄海盆地东部发现油气，如何实现北黄海盆地油气突破，成为我们研究的焦点。结合该区现有资料和前人研究成果，对北黄海盆地的地球物理场和地质构造特征进行了全面的论述，并在此基础上，对该区油气资源远景作了初步评价。     

Experimental activities that intentionally perturb the marine environment: Implications for the marine environmental protection and marine scientific research provisions of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

The global community's ability to assess the environmental effects of marine scientific research (MSR) as required by the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea's (UNCLOS) marine environment provisions (MEP) is limited, as shown by experimental activities that intentionally manipulate the marine environment. Such work enhances knowledge of the ocean, but it may also have significant environmental effects. This growing use of the ocean as a laboratory has global scientific, environmental, legal and policy implications. Examined here is the relationship between the MSR and the MEP provisions of UNCLOS. International, science-driven guidelines are proposed.     

杭州湾乍浦断面潮流分布特征

根据2000年9月在杭州湾乍浦断面设置的8个潮流同步观测站的资料,对该断面潮流分布特征进行了分析和探讨,结果表明:该断面大潮涨急时呈现两个大流速核;断面南部的流速要比北部的大,涨潮流速大于落潮流速。这对了解杭州湾水文特征有着一定意义,同时为杭州湾跨海大桥的设计建设提供参考。