GEOLOGICAL MARKS OF A POSSIBLE EXTRATERRESTRIAL IMPACT EVENT ON THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN SINIAN/CAMBRIAN IN TIANMENSHAN IN WESTERN HUNAN

Geologic marks related to extraterrestrial impact events, such as impact split gravels, impact brecciate layers, impact dikes, microirghizites, microtektites, especially meteoritic residues, were discovered on the boundary between Sinian/Cambrian at Tianmenshan of Western Hunan, which may possibly demonstrate that an extraterrestrial impact event has ever occurred there on the S/C boundary.     

多相地貌单元场地勘察中基岩与卵砾石、孤石的鉴别

在多相地貌单元场地勘察中，基岩与卵砾石的鉴别难度较大。应利用初步感性认识、钻进状态、岩样特征等多手段对基岩与卵砾石进行判别，以提高判别率。     

杭州湾大桥岩土工程勘察

文章对杭州湾大桥的勘察工作进行了全面的回顾，并对杭州湾地区地质结构作概略的介绍。     

Molecular modeling of the 10-Å phase at subduction zone conditions

Molecular dynamics (MD) modeling of the 10-Å phase, Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂·xH₂O, with x=2/3, 1.0 and 2.0 shows complex structural changes with pressure, temperature and water content and provides new insight into the structures and stabilization of these phases under subduction zone conditions. The structure(s) of this phase and its role as a reservoir of water in the mantle have been controversial, and these calculations provide specific predictions that can be tested by in situ diffraction studies. At ambient conditions, the computed structures of talc (x=0) and the 10-Å phases with x=2/3 and 1.0 are stable over the 350-ps period of the MD simulations. Under these conditions, the 10-Å phases show phlogopite-like layer stacking in good agreement with previously published structures based on powder X-ray diffraction data for samples quenched from high-pressure and high-temperature experiments. The calculations show that the 10-Å phase with x=2.0 is unstable at ambient conditions. The computed structures at P=5.5 GPa and T=750 K, well within the known stability field of the 10-Å phase, change significantly with water content, reflecting changing H-bonding configurations. For x=2/3, the layer stacking is talc-like, and for x=1.0, it is phlogopite-like. The calculations show that transformation between these two stackings occurs readily, and that the talc-like stacking for the x=2/3 composition is unlikely to be quenchable to ambient conditions. For x=2.0, the layer stacking at P=5.5 GPa and T=750 K is different than any previously proposed structure for a 10-Å phase. In this structure, the neighboring basal oxygens of adjacent magnesium silicate layers are displaced by b/3 (about 3 Å) resulting in the Si atoms of one siloxane sheet being located above the center of the six-member ring across the interlayer. The water molecules are located 1.2 Å above the center of all six-member rings and accept H-bonds from the OH groups located below the rings. The b/3-displaced structure does not readily transform to either the talc-like or phlogopite-like structure, because neither of these stackings can accommodate two water molecules per formula unit. There is likely to be a compositional discontinuity and phase transition between the b/3-displaced phase and the phase with phlogopite-like stacking. The simulations reported here are the first to use the recently developed CLAYFF force field to calculate mineral structures at elevated pressures and temperatures.     

柴达木盆地北缘"沙柳河岩群"的重新启用

柴北缘变质基底岩系中的表壳岩包含了岩石组合、沉积建造、变质程度和地质时代不同的两套岩石组合。其中，分布在柴达木地块的沙柳河、鱼卡河等地的以大理岩、石英岩和含石榴石英片岩为主含榴辉岩透镜体的表壳岩系，时代限定在1．0～1．3Ga，与分布在欧龙布鲁克微陆块的全吉山、德令哈等地形成时代大约2.3～2.4Ga的达肯大坂岩群有着明显的不同，后者以斜长角闪岩、石榴石英片岩和黑云变粒岩为主，并具有较强的钾质混合岩化。由于前者岩石组合清楚，沉积建造特征明显，构造意义独特，且有一定的区域分布性和可比性，所以具备建立新的岩群的条件。根据定名优先的原则，决定重新启用沙柳河岩群。     

滇西北新生代逆冲推覆构造

滇西北地区新生代逆冲推覆构造较为发育，从西到东可分出走向NS、相互平行的4带：澜沧江带，云岭带，石钟山带和剑川-洱源带。其中，澜沧江带与云岭带组成对冲格局，云岭带又与石钟山带组成反冲格局，石钟山带与剑川-洱源带又组成对冲格局。参与逆冲推覆的地层主要是中生代三叠系、侏罗系、白垩系及新生代云龙组、宝相寺组，推覆体由石炭系、二叠系、上三叠统岩石组成。逆冲推覆时间为喜马拉雅期。     

青藏高原祖尔肯乌拉山地区火山岩Ar-Ar年代学初步研究

对祖尔肯乌拉山地区 4个火山岩样品进行了Ar -Ar年龄测定 ,其坪年龄分别为 (40 91± 1 18)Ma、(41 0 7± 0 80 )Ma、(42 0 0± 1 31)Ma、(39 0 0± 2 0 6 )Ma。它们代表了这些火山岩的形成时代 ,表明本区在古近纪始新世中期发生过大规模的火山活动     

预测和控制深基坑变形的抗隆起稳定系数法

本文讨论了在软土基坑工程设计施工中所涉及到的抗隆起稳定系数的合理计算方法；通过对大量上海深基坑工程的计算分析并结合现场实测数据论证了利用抗隆起稳定系数进行基坑变形预测和控制的合理性，并提出了适用稳定系数法控制基坑变形的设计计算预测公式：δh/H～Ks关系式。     

新疆富蕴县柯鲁木特锂-钽-铌矿床228号脉地质特征分析

通过对柯鲁木特锂-钽-铌矿床228号矿脉的普查，发现该矿脉锂、钽、铌的含量较高，矿脉规模大。为了进一步在该区开展找矿工作，阐述了228号含矿伟晶岩脉的共生结构分带的产出特征、结构带内部特征、稀有元素含量变化及其不同矿化类型等，在总结了228号及其相似的113号、116号含矿伟晶岩脉成矿地质背景的基础上，指出伟晶岩的主要形成阶段和矿化阶段是在一个比较封闭的地质环境中生成的，并认为含矿伟晶岩脉的形成与二云母二长花岗岩有着密不可分的关系。     

碳酸岩Sr、Nd、Pb 同位素地球化学研究评述

碳酸岩是出露相对较少的幔源岩石，其中Sr与Nd是研究地幔物质组成的主要对象之一。本文统计了世界上主要碳酸岩的锶、钕、铅同位素组成特征；研究显示，碳酸岩源区主要是洋岛玄武岩高U／Pb的HIMU端员和富集端员(EM1或EM2)的混合作用；此外大部分碳酸岩的锶、钕同位素落在大洋玄武岩范围内；这些均表明其成因与地慢柱有密切联系。碳酸岩及与之共生的硅酸岩的同源或独立源区模式部很难充分解释两者同位素组成特征，逭反映碳酸岩的演化模式涉及更复杂的过程。可能是俯冲作用使碳酸岩源区经历不同时间和程度的富集、亏损过程导致地幔源区成分不均一。