1：100万图号中行号、列号正误的快速判断方法

针对多个县(市)、区土地调查文字材料将1:100万图号中的行、列号用错而产生严重缺陷的事实,本人认真学习了"国家基本比例尺地形图分幅和编号"的基础知识,并总结归纳出简易的快速判断正误的方法,以杜绝类似差错的发生.     

Profiling Planctomycetales diversity with reference to anammox‐related bacteria in a South China Sea,deep‐sea sediment

A systematic assessment of Planctomycetales diversity in a South China Sea, deep‐sea sediment (1657 m) was conducted using the 16S rRNA gene analysis approach. PCR amplification of the samples from seven sediment layers (0.1, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 m below the surface sediment) using the primer set Pla‐46‐F/1392‐R showed that the Planctomycetales existed within a limited range of sediment depths (≤ 5 m), and had a decreasing trend in diversity with increasing depth. The majority of the retrieved Pla‐46‐F/1392‐R sequences belonged to Pirellula‐related Planctomycetales, and two sequences retrieved from the 0.1‐m layer (GenBank accession numbers: DQ996944 and DQ996945 ) shared the same anammox‐related signature oligonucleotides and were closely related to commonly recognized anammox organisms. To identify new anammox‐related biomarkers, three primer sets were designed for amplifying the fragments of hydroxylamine oxidoreductase and S‐adenosylmethionine radical enzyme genes, but no related sequences were found. Our multiple 16S rRNA gene primer sets (Journal of Rapid Methods and Automation in Microbiology, 2008, in press) revealed even an higher diversity of Planctomycetales in the 0.1‐m layer of the sediment, especially at genus level. Our data profiled the distribution pattern of Planctomycetales diversity along sediment depths, and provided molecular evidence for the existence of anammox‐related bacteria in a new location, which broadens our understanding of Planctomycetales diversity in deep sea sediments.     

营口-潍坊断裂带新生代运动学特征

营口-潍坊断裂带在新生代时期对渤海湾盆地东部构造、沉积及油气成藏规律等方面具有重要影响和控制作用.依据大量实际地震资料,从剖面上识别出了花状构造、丝带效应、反转构造等营口-潍坊断裂带新生代时期走滑活动的标志,在平面上识别出了4种组合构造样式,在此基础上,应用拉分盆地走滑量计算的理论模型,对营口-潍坊断裂带新生代时期的走滑位移量进行了初步估算,认为营口-潍坊断裂带在新生代时期具右旋走滑活动特征,其主要走滑活动表现为3期,分别为始新世早期、渐新世早-中期和上新世晚期-第四纪,新生代累计右旋走滑位移量约为10～20 km.     

Temporal and spatial changes of dunes in the Changjiang (Yangtze) estuary,China

The response of subaqueous dunes to the variation of riverine sediment supply in an estuary is rarely reported. Five sets of field measurements of bed sediments and topography were made in the Changjiang estuary, China during dry and flood seasons for the past 9 years. Results show that dunes were mainly three-dimensional (3D) during flood seasons and two-dimensional (2D) dunes during dry seasons. Dunes were also much larger in flood seasons. Dunes mainly occurred within the main channels of the estuary although they extended 11.7 km seaward of their normal extent in the South Channel during dry seasons from 2002 to 2006. This extension of the dune field is likely due to a sharp decline of sediment discharge caused by large reservoirs such as Three Gorges.     

The international legal framework for marine spatial planning

Increasing demand for ocean resources, both living and non-living, have already lead to loss of biodiversity, habitat depletion and irreversible damage to the marine environment. Furthermore, introduction of new kinds of sea uses, spatial extension of ongoing sea uses and the need to better protect and conserve the marine biological diversity will result in increasing conflicts among the various users, as well as between the users and the environment. Marine spatial planning as a process to allocate space for specific uses can help to avoid user conflicts, to improve the management of marine spatial claims, and to sustain an ecosystem-based management of ocean and seas. This article explores the rights and duties towards exploitation and protection of the marine environment under the jurisdiction of coastal states as reflected in two important global conventions, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and the Convention on Biological Diversity. Both Conventions provide the main legal framework for marine spatial planning that have to be taken into account in planning at the regional and national level.     

热带太平洋次表层三维海温距平场的EOF分析

应用太平洋次表层海温距平资料构造了一个立体的西低东高的四级阶梯模型,使用EOF方法对此模型进行时空分解,重点讨论了分解结果与ENSO循环的关系,并对Nino 3距平指数进行试预报,结果表明,用 EOF分解的第一主分量代表暖池-厄尔尼诺(拉尼娜)模态,第二主分量代表次表层温度距平的东西运移模态,厄尔尼诺事件正是东西运移模态突变的结果.时滞相关分析估算,一次ENSO循环的平均周期约为41个月,厄尔尼诺、拉尼娜模态与温度距平的东西运移模态的位相差平均约为9.7个月.应用逐步回归方法得到超前Nino 3距平指数3、6和12个月的3个预报方程.预报结果表明,第一、第二时间系数对Nino 3距平指数均具有一定的预报价值,预报时效可达1 a左右.     

上游建库引水对健跳港冲淤影响的经验预测

从分析健跳港水文和泥沙特性出发,探讨了健跳港水动力和河床演变的基本特征,结果表明,尽管健跳港内落潮最大流速大于涨潮最大流速,但该港泥沙净输沙方向还是朝向港内;流域径流对健跳港海床稳定起着重要作用,维护健跳港冲淤平衡的主要动力来自洪水期的径流.利用水沙关系和河相关系模型预测了健跳港上游引水后对该港海床淤积的影响.     

表活剂对低渗裂缝性砂岩油藏渗吸驱油效果影响分析

由于低渗裂缝性油藏储集空间物理性质的复杂性和特殊性,渗吸效果控制着低渗透裂缝性油藏水驱开发动态与开发效果,而现场所采用的表面活性剂对渗吸驱油效果的影响将决定着措施成败。在分析油藏渗吸驱油机理基础上,通过对比实验研究,综合分析了不同种类和浓度表活剂对渗吸驱油效果的影响。总体上岩心渗吸驱油效率随表活剂浓度增加而降低,但一定浓度的,能较好的改善岩石表面润湿性的表活剂溶液将有助于渗吸驱油。这一研究为制定低渗裂缝性油藏合理的渗吸注水开发方式提供了理论依据。     

基坑及周边建筑物变形监测方案

结合某基坑变形监测项目,从观测墩及觇牌的设计、观测方法、精度估计等方面对基坑水平位移观测进行了介绍,并介绍了利用差异沉降量推算法进行倾斜观测的方法.     

厦门市二调数据成果1980西安坐标转换

根据第二次全国土地调查有关技术文件的要求,各地汇总和提交的成果资料的数学基础必须是1980西安坐标系,而当前许多城市的土地调查工作是基于地方坐标系进行的.本文以厦门市为例,从技术路线、实现方法、精度检查等方面就地方坐标系下的调查成果如何转换为西安坐标系进行了较为详细的探讨,为其他地区的类似工作提供了有益的借鉴.