GIS技术在矿业权价款评估中的应用研究

地理信息系统(GIS)在国土及矿政管理中进行了广泛的应用,取得了很好的效果。本文研究利用GIS空间分析功能在矿业权范围内分析涉及国家出资地质勘查项目情况,统计矿业权范围内占国家出资地质勘查面积,依据相关的法律和法规进行价款计算,为矿业权登记、转让等环节中价款评估提供科学依据。     

Estimated mass and stiffness matrices of shear building from modal test data

A method that estimates mass and stiffness matrices of shear building from modal test data is presented in this paper. The method depends on only measurable points that are less in number than the total structural degrees of freedom, and on the first two orders of structural mode measured. So it is applicable to most of the general test. Based on this method modal data of unmeasurable points are estimated, then global mass and stiffness matrices of structure are obtained by using the first two orders of modal data. Taking advantage of iteration the optimum global mass and stiffness matrices are gained. Finally, an example is studied in this paper. Its result shows that this method is reliable. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

西秦岭北带泥盆纪Nereites遗迹相及其环境分析

西秦岭北带泥盆系舒家坝组下一中上部的巨厚陆源碎屑岩系中含有极丰富的遗迹化石,它们可为解释该组沉积环境提供重要信息:（1）由大量典型深水遗迹化石组成的Nereites遗迹相,可与世界各地浊积岩系和复理石相中的Nereites遗迹相进行对比,该遗迹相主要发育在浊流沉积区直至深海平原,其沉积水深最大可超过2000m;（2）舒家坝组的遗迹群落中,除大量属深水型分子外,还见有典型的浅水分子,两种水深性质不同的遗迹组合共生在一个沉积剖面,正是浊积岩系和复理石相才具有的独特分布特征;（3）根据沉积层序和遗迹组合的对比确认舒家坝组不存在风暴岩。     

Arctic sea-ice motion and its relation to pressure field

Daily Arctic sea-ice motion maps during the winter seasons (December–March) from December 1988 to March 2003 derived from NSCAT, QuikSCAT, SSM/I, and AMSRE data by a wavelet analysis method have been merged with those derived from buoy data. These merged sea-ice motion data have been used to study the circulation regimes and winter-to-winter variability of Arctic sea-ice motion. The relation between sea-ice motion and the pressure field in the Arctic Ocean was also studied by applying Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to the monthly merged sea-ice motion data and the monthly pressure field data from IABP. The mean Arctic sea-ice motion map of the 15 winter seasons has two distinct features: the Beaufort Gyre and a cyclonic circulation system in the Eurasian Basin, which moves ice from the Laptev Sea to Fram Strait. The strengths and sizes of the two features change from one winter season to another. Seasons with a strong or normal Beaufort Gyre alternate with seasons with a weak or no Beaufort Gyre every one to three seasons. The principal components of the first two modes of PCA of the monthly sea-ice motion are closely correlated with their counterparts of the monthly pressure field in the Arctic Ocean. The mode-one components of these two anomalies alternate between anticyclonic and cyclonic circulation systems. The correlation between Arctic Oscillation indexes and the principal components of the first mode of PCA of the monthly Arctic sea-ice motion is low but statistically significant.     

基于EEMD-SARIMA的对流层延迟预测模型研究

在无气象数据的条件下,提出一种基于集合经验模态分解（EEMD）和季节性自回归移动平均模型（SARIMA）的对流层延迟（ZTD）预报新方法,并分别选取长春、上海、乌鲁木齐3个地区4个季节的ZTD数据进行预测分析。结果表明,基于EEMD-SARIMA的ZTD改正预报模型能够满足不同地区、不同季节下的ZTD估计需求,是一种高精度的ZTD预报方法。     

深水导管架下水扶正过程定量风险分析

运用QRA技术(定量风险评估)对导管架下水过程进行深入分析,提出风险概率评价模型和事故损失综合评估方法。首先辨识潜在的风险事件及相关风险因素,然后量化风险事件的模糊概率和损失程度,最后依据风险量化结果和ALARP(aslow as reasonably practically)原则对需要控制的风险事件给出控制措施。通过定量风险分析,达到及时查找并消除各方面事故隐患的目的。     

基于PPGIS的乡村旅游社区景观价值变化研究——以丽江束河古镇为例

景观价值是人对环境的主观感知和效用评价,景观价值变化的研究能够帮助理解旅游社区的社会现象.以丽江束河古镇为例,采用参与式制图与半结构化访谈方法调查当地居民对旅游开发前后的感知景观价值,最终获取的有效问卷与填图为293份,提取空间数据点658个.通过对访谈结果进行编码和归纳得到旅游开发前后各7种景观价值类型.采用质性分析...     

Finite element analysis of the effect of corrosion on the behavior of reinforced earth walls

A simple model for the corrosion‐induced loss of stiffness and strength of the steel strips of earth‐reinforced walls was introduced in a finite element simulation of the long‐term behavior of the wall, in which the backfill‐strips interactions are taken into account by means of a generalized homogenization procedure (called a multiphase model). The results show an initial phase of slow displacements induced by the loss of stiffness, followed after a few decades by a steep acceleration of the displacements, leading to wall failure. The influences of the parameter controlling corrosion, the backfill cohesion and the heterogeneity of the corrosion process are discussed. Results are used to discuss a strategy for reinforced earth wall surveillance. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

中国土地利用效益的时空特征研究

基于经济、社会、生态三维视角构建土地利用效益评价指标体系,运用灰色关联方法测度2004—2014年中国土地利用效益水平,并借助于Arc GIS空间分析技术分析其空间异质性及空间演变格局。从时序特征来看,2004—2014年全国土地利用效益波动性提升。从空间特征来看,中国土地利用效益的空间格局存在差异性,但差异日渐缩小;土地利用效益的增减空间分布不均,随着时间的推移,土地利用效益提升省份增加的幅度越来越大,土地利用效益降低省份的下降幅度越来越小;中国土地利用效益空间集聚特征明显,热点主要分布在内蒙古、辽宁和西藏,冷点主要分布在东南沿海地区;土地利用效益的变化也表现出集聚特征,东南沿海与西部地区为中国土地利用效益变化最强烈的集聚区,其土地利用效益变化呈互逆发展态势;中国土地利用效益变化具有明显的政策导向性。     

雅砻江流域主汛期降水长期预报的一种方法

本文使用天气学方法，从影响雅砻江区域主汛期降水量的长期预报有关因子出发，再运用数理统计方法反复筛选，仅取３个主要因子：西部青藏高原８个站冬春积温，北部冬季极涡面积指数，南部冬季印缅槽平均强度，建立逐步回归预报方程。结果显示：对主汛期６～９月降水量预报拟合准确率为１６／１７即约９４％。回归分析中发现：尽管西太平洋副热带高压对盆地西部降水有很大影响，盛夏且与高原积温有较密切相关，但由放大范围长时段的青藏高原积温，对于雅砻江区域主汛期降水量的影响超过西太平洋副热高压，因而在逐步回归过程中，副高因子仍被剔除．