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81.
中更新世气候转型期是第四纪古气候研究的一个特殊时期。利用大洋钻探ODP 184航次在南海北部钻取的1144站时间分辨率高达约290年的沉积物样品,开展中更新世气候转型期古气候变化的研究。在中更新世距今80~100万年前,浮游和底栖有孔虫壳体的稳定氧碳同位素变化揭示出,中更新世气候转型中心,即中更新世革命0.9 Ma左右,南海北部表层海水温度的降低和降水量的增加指示东亚冬、夏季风增强。以中更新世革命为界,水体垂向结构上温跃层和营养跃层的深度从之前的间冰期较浅转变为之后的间冰期较深,底层水与表层水的垂直温度梯度从冰期时较大转变为冰期时较小。轨道尺度上,冰消期时南海北部的表层水、次表层水和底层水的变化几乎是同时发生的,不存在超前或滞后的相位差。千年尺度上,有孔虫的氧碳同位素变化都呈现出非常明显的约0.8 ka和约1.4 ka的气候波动周期。氧同位素0.8 ka滤波显示出:在中更新世气候转型期,较强的信号主要出现在间冰期,有时也出现在冰期,与晚第四纪千年尺度气候波动主要出现在冰期不同,说明中更新世的气候转型不仅表现在轨道尺度的气候周期变化上,同时也体现在千年尺度气候波动的特征变化中。
相似文献
82.
Data of neutral meridional wind obtained by the meteor radar at Esrange and data of temperature and pressure measured by the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument on board the Thermosphere–Ionosphere–Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) spacecraft were studied with respect to a day-to-day atmospheric variability with periods ranging from 1.5 to 5 days. The detailed analysis was carried out for February 2004. Perturbations of the atmospheric parameters at the examined periods appeared mainly as eastward-propagating waves of zonal wavenumbers 1 and 2. We suggested that these waves excited by the jet instability on both flanks of the polar-night jet in the upper stratosphere and mesosphere interact nonlinearly with each other, and this interaction generates secondary waves. The radar observed both primary and secondary waves at mesospheric heights. The data analysis supports this suggestion. Under conditions of weaker instability observed in February 2003 the perturbations of atmospheric parameters of periods ranging from 1.5 to 5 days had smaller amplitudes at heights of the mesosphere than those in February 2004. It was found that the Eliassen-Palm fluxes calculated for the waves generated by the jet instability were mainly downward directed. This result suggests a possible dynamical influence of the mesospheric layers on the lower atmospheric levels. 相似文献
83.
Real‐time pseudodynamic (PSD) testing is an experimental technique for evaluating the dynamic behaviour of a complex structure. During the test, when the targeted command displacements are not achieved by the test structure, or a delay in the measured restoring forces from the test structure exists, the reliability of the testing method is impaired. The stability and accuracy of real‐time PSD testing in the presence of amplitude error and a time delay in the restoring force is presented. Systems consisting of an elastic single degree of freedom (SDOF) structure with load‐rate independent and dependent restoring forces are considered. Bode plots are used to assess the effects of amplitude error and a time delay on the steady‐state accuracy of the system. A method called the pseudodelay technique is used to derive the exact solution to the delay differential equation for the critical time delay that causes instability of the system. The solution is expressed in terms of the test structure parameters (mass, damping, stiffness). An error in the restoring force amplitude is shown to degrade the accuracy of a real‐time PSD test but not destabilize the system, while a time delay can lead to instability. Example calculations are performed for determining the critical time delay, and numerical simulations with both a constant delay and variable delay in the restoring force are shown to agree well with the stability limit for the system based on the critical time delay solution. The simulation models are also used to investigate the effects of a time delay in the PSD test of an inelastic SDOF system. The effect of energy dissipation in an inelastic structure increases the limit for the critical time delay, due to the energy removed from the system by the energy dissipation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
84.
大气中对称不稳定机制的动力学分析及暴雨的分析与预报 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用气块法从力学角度对对称不稳定机制及在对称不稳定条件下产生的环流进行分析,更全面地定义了对称不稳定及它的产生机制和中尺度环流形成的过程。对暴雨个例诊断分析表明,有些强降水区在降水前和降水过程中存在着不对称不稳定,说明对称不稳定条件下形成的环流对暴雨有引发和加强作用。在以往研究原基础上,总结出了利用常规观测资料分析对称不是否存在,及其能量大小的方法,用它来预报是否降水及降水的强度,从而提高降水预报准确率。 相似文献
85.
采用滞弹性近似研究了WAVE-CISK下对称性扰动的谱点分布,得到了WAVE-CISK下对称不稳定扰动谱点分布的半圆定理,用其可估计该对称不稳定增长率的上界.发现存在WAVE-CISK时加热反馈和层结参数对该不稳定的增长率均有重要影响.WAVE-CISK加热反馈越强、基流的垂直切变越大,扰动的垂直结构越简单则该不稳定增长率的上界就越大.存在WAVE-CISK时滞弹性近似下的对称不稳定发生的条件也较Boussinesq近似下的更苛刻. 相似文献
86.
87.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF SYMMETRIC DISTURBANCE SUPERPOSED ON BAROCLINIC FRONTAL ZONE UNDER THE ACTION OF DEFORMATION FIELD*
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The development of symmetric disturbance superposed on the background field of Hoskins-Bretherton (1972) frontogenesis model is investigated by means of WKBJ approach,It is found that the forcing of large-scale deformation,the frontal circulation and the spatial-temporal variations of stability parameters (F2,N2,M2) can bring about the development of symmetric disturbance,even though the frontal baroclinic flow is symmetric stable (F2N2-M2>0),The frontogenetical process of deformation confluence zone and the ascending branch of frontal circulation are in favor of the development of symmetric disturbance,The actions of ageostrophic shear in frontal zone and the variation of stability parameters are dependent on the structure of disturbance. 相似文献
88.
多次透射公式的一种稳定实现措施 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
基于对双曲偏微分议程数值解稳定性的GKS(Gustafsson,Kreiss and Sundstrom)准则的物理解释,本文提出了在波动模拟中多次透射公式飘移失稳的一个简单措施,并用波源问题和散射问题的数值试验检验了建议的稳定措施的有效性。 相似文献
89.
90.
理查逊数和晴空颠簸的关系 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
对切变气流中重力内波的稳定性进行了数值计算,结果表明,判别晴空颠是否发生的临界Ri数随波长,层结稳定度和基本气流变强度的不同而有所变化,预报业务中用Ri〈0.25作为预报晴空的指标易出现空报。 相似文献