基于Canny理论的彩色图像边缘检测

选用定位准确的Canny算子,提出一种基于Canny理论的彩色图像边缘检测方法。彩色图像的梯度幅值用其r、g、b分量的梯度幅值之和计算,方向角用r、g、b分量的y方向梯度幅值之和与r、g、b分量的x方向梯度幅值之和的比来确定。从检测结果中可以看出,基于Can-ny理论的彩色图像边缘检测能检测出更多的边缘细节。这说明,用该方法检测彩色图像的边缘是有效的。     

On the control of an infinite capacity storage system

We consider an infinite-capacity storage system. The cumulative input to the system is assumed to be either (a) a non-decreasing Lévy process or (b) an integrated continuous-time Markov chain. Reward accumulates at a rate depending on the instantaneous release rate. The objective is to choose the release rule in such a way as to maximize the expected total discounted return. In this note we show how to determine the expected discounted return when the release rate is either constant or a linear function of the content.     

地震信号内插与噪音剔除（一）

信号内插与噪音剔除是相互有着有机联系的两个方面。首先讨论地震信号的内插方法,提出了一种“最佳内插算子”,从而导出了另一种“检噪算子”,它可以有效地把干扰波从记录中识别出来,并将其“剔除”出去。进而讨论空间域数据的内插问题——道内插问题。在一定的条件下,空间域数据内插与时间域内插是完全等效的,因此道内插也可以采用与时间域相同的“最佳内插算子”。地震记录上的干扰波其绝大部分表现为空间域的脉冲式干扰,所以用“检噪算子”在空间域作褶积,便能识别干扰,从而对干扰加以剔除。本文解决了一种迭代的剔除方法,取得了好的效果。     

An asymptotic method of modeling radio occultations

A short-wave asymptotic method of modeling radio signals registered during radio occultation experiments is discussed. The method uses the theory of Fourier integral operators. Use of this method allows for a faster simulation of radio occultation data as compared to the method of multiple phase screens. The method was tested using global fields from analyses of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast. The comparison of the asymptotic solution with the multiple phase screen method shows their good agreement. The limits of the applicability of the new method are discussed.     

基于模糊逻辑T算子和协T算子的地下水水质评价

本文运用地下水水质的模糊综合评判分析方法,选取地下水水质的主要影响因子,借助模糊逻辑T算子和协T算子,编制了有效的MATLAB计算机程序,绘制了隶属度函数的数学图形,对北方某水源地地下水水化学资料进行了模糊数学综合评价.评价结果表明,研究区采样点水质为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级的占96.63%,大部分地下水水质较好,符合饮用水的要求.借助T和协T逻辑算子的模糊综合评判法评价地下水水质效果较好.     

Uncertainty of the numerical solution of a nonlinear system’s long-term behavior and global convergence of the numerical pattern

The computational uncertainty principle in nonlinear ordinary differential equations makes the numerical solution of the long-term behavior of nonlinear atmospheric equations have no meaning. The main reason is that, in the error analysis theory of present-day computational mathematics, the non-linear process between truncation error and rounding erroris treated as a linear operation. In this paper, based on the operator equations of large-scale atmospheric movement, the above limitation is overcome by using the notion of cell mapping. Through studying the global asymptotic characteristics of the numerical pattern of the large-scale atmospheric equations, the definitions of the global convergence and an appropriate discrete algorithm of the numerical pattern are put forward. Three determinant theorems about the global convergence of the numerical pattern are presented, which provide the theoretical basis for constructing the globally convergent numerical pattern. Further, it is pointed out that only a globally convergent numerical pattern can improve the veracity of climatic prediction.     

Edge enhancement in multispectral satellite images by means of vector operators

Edge enhancement is an element of analysis to derive the spatial structure of satellite images. Two methods to extract edges from multispectral satellite images are presented. A multispectral image is modeled as a vector field with a number of dimensions equal to the number of bands in the image. In this model, a pixel is defined as a vector formed by a number of elements equal to the number of bands. Two vector operators are applied to such vector field. In our first method, we extend the definition of the gradient. In this extension, the vector difference of the window central pixel with neighboring pixels is obtained. A multispectral image is then generated where each pixel represents the maximum change in spectral response in the image in any direction. This image is named a multispectral gradient. The other method, considers the generalization of the Laplacian by means of an η-dimensional Fourier transform. This image is named a multispectral Laplacian. The vector operators perform a simultaneous extraction of edge-content in the spectral bands of a multispectral image. Our methods are parameter-free. Our methods work for a multispectral image of any number of bands. Two examples are discussed that involve multispectral satellite images at two scales. We compare our results with widely used edge enhancement procedures. The evaluation of results shows better performance of proposed methods when compared to widely used edge operators.     

在频率—波数域消除海上地震资料中的虚反射的一种方法

消除虚反射是海上地震勘探资料处理中的一个重要问题,本文提出一种在频率－波数域消除虚反射的方法,并给出了消除虚反射滤波因子的形式,然后利用此方法对合成地震记录进行了消除效果验证。     

Poincaré's méthode nouvelle by skew composition

Poincaré designed the méthode nouvelle in order to build approximate integrals of Hamiltonians developed as series of a small parameter. Due to several critical deficiencies, however, the method has fallen into disuse in favor of techniques based on Lie transformations. The paper shows how to repair these shortcomings in order to give Poincaré’s méthode nouvelle the same functionality as the Lie transformations. This is done notably with two new operations over power series: a skew composition to expand series whose coefficients are themselves series, and a skew reversion to solve implicit vector equations involving power series. These operations generalize both Arbogast’s technique and Lagrange’s inversion formula to the fullest extent possible. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

基于截断牛顿法的频率域全波形反演方法

全波形反演方法可以视为大型非线性最小化问题.其中Hessian算子对反演结果有着重要的影响,传统的优化方法只能近似地表示Hessian算子,反演精度较低,收敛速度较慢,且对于反演目标照明不足的深部区域,往往出现参数无法聚焦的情况.而一种新的优化方法截断牛顿法,通过计算Hessian矩阵与已知向量乘积的形式,能够获得更精确的Hessian算子信息,从而解决以上问题.本文基于截断牛顿法在频率域实现全波形反演,通过模型试算表明,截断牛顿法相对于有限内存BFGS(Limited-memory Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno,L-BFGS)法,能够得到更精确的反演结果,同时能提高收敛速度,尤其对于照明不足的深部区域,截断牛顿法有更明显的优势.