花鲈、许氏平鲉游泳能力的初步实验研究

实验利用小型海水循环水槽测定了花鲈（Lateolabrax maculatus）、许氏平（鱼由）（Sebastes schlegeli）的最大巡航（可持续）游泳速度.体长18～29cm的花鲈,其最大巡航游泳速度为41.1～127.37cm/s,如用单位时间内游过体长的倍数（BL/s）来表示,其最大巡航游泳速度范围在2.28～4.74BL/s之间.体长10～14.5cm的许氏平（鱼由）,其最大巡航游泳速度为36.90～49.52cm/s或4.32～3.01BL/s.     

三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)冻藏过程中肌肉蛋白质生化特性的变化

以三疣梭子蟹肌肉基本营养成分、蛋白质组成、肌原纤维蛋白含量、Ca~(2+)-ATPase活性、总巯基含量、二硫键含量以及肌原纤维蛋白的SDS-PAGE分析作为指标,研究了三疣梭子蟹在不同冻藏温度下肌肉蛋白质生化特征的变化。结果表明,三疣梭子蟹是典型的高蛋白食品;随着冻藏时间的延长,水溶性蛋白含量先增加后减少,盐溶性蛋白和不溶性蛋白含量逐渐减少,碱溶性蛋白含量逐渐增加;肌原纤维蛋白含量、Ca~(2+)-ATPase活性、总巯基含量随着冻藏时间的延长,均呈现下降趋势,而二硫键含量则呈上升趋势,且–20℃和–40℃两组之间差异显著(P0.05)。SDS-PAGE分析结果表明,组成肌原纤维蛋白的各种蛋白质均有不同程度降解,且–20℃比–40℃组降解更明显。因此,–40℃冻藏对梭子蟹肌肉蛋白质生化特性的影响较小。     

Changes in vertical distribution and aggregative behaviour in response to population density for larval sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis) and sea stars (Asterias rubens)

We examined the effects of the presence of larval conspecifics on larval vertical distribution of four‐arm and six‐arm plutei of Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis and bipinnaria of Asterias rubens, in laboratory experiments, by manipulating population density. Larvae were introduced to experimental columns (10 × 10 × 30 cm) at one of two or three population densities (S. droebachiensis: 0.1 and 10 larvae·ml^?1; A. rubens: 0.1, 1 and 10 larvae·ml^?1). Subsequent changes in vertical distribution were determined from images of the larvae in the columns illuminated by a 532‐nm laser and captured by a high‐resolution camera. Larvae of both species were found higher in the water column in the high than in the low and intermediate population densities. The relationship between vertical swimming velocity and nearest neighbour distance (NND) was measured for four‐arm plutei of S. droebachiensis, and used to determine a range in distances among individuals that may affect potential interactions. The variation in swimming velocity decreased with increasing proximity below a threshold distance among individuals of 10 mm, which was greater than the estimated distance in the high population density. We suggest that the increased larval aggregation near the water surface under high population density is the result of a behavioural response to conspecifics.     

TCA2003全站仪在游泳池长度控制中的应用

比赛用游泳馆泳池长度必须满足相应国际标准,对其精度有严格的质量控制。根据日照市游泳馆工程设计的特点及精度要求,提出了运用TCA2003型全站仪对游泳池长度进行全过程长度控制的方法,并进行了精度分析。     

基于太阳能无人艇的海洋气象观测系统及其初步试验

中国沿海地区以及濒临海域经常发生多种灾害性天气,包括大风、暴雨、大雾和海上强对流天气等,原位探测资料的缺乏极大影响了这些天气生消演变规律的深入研究以及预报准确性的提高.为了实现海上自动部署、机动安全和实时的多要素原位探测,研发了一种基于太阳能无人艇的海洋气象水文探测系统,工程样机命名为MWO-Ⅰ(Marine Weat...     

Residential Tourism,Swimming Pools,and Water Demand in the Western Mediterranean

Many Mediterranean areas have recently witnessed a proliferation of new urban and tourist-related features following low-density residential patterns that contrast with the traditional high-density urban typologies of Mediterranean cities. The aim of this research is to investigate the links between residential tourism and water consumption through swimming pools, which constitute one key element of the new urban landscapes in the coast of Alicante (southeastern Spain). We have digitized pools in nine municipalities of coastal Alicante and calculated the average depth and estimated water losses due to evaporation. Results show that swimming pools are widely available in tourist residential enclaves but that they tend to display different characteristics according to factors such as the history of the urbanization process and relative wealth of the different areas. We have detected a clear contrast between the large individual pools of the richer northern municipalities and the smaller individual pools and community pools in the newly developed but less well-off urban enclaves of the southern coast.     

Emergence Patterns of Small Subtidal Arthropods in Relation to Day/Night, Tidal, and Surface/Bottom Factors: Investigations in the Boreal Sea, Japan (Akkeshi, Hokkaido)

The emergence of small arthropods was studied in the boreal sea, Japan (Akkeshi, Hokkaido). In the shallow subtidal zone, two impeller pumps were set in the surface and bottom waters. The pumps ran continuously for 25 days (22 August-16 September, 1998), and invertebrates were sampled using a nylon net (300 to 500 m in mesh size). The small arthropods collected with the net belonged to 16 orders comprising about 60 taxa. In the dominant 23 taxa, a two-way ANOVA was applied to determine whether there was any significant difference in abundance between day and night and between surface and bottom. While emergence of 15 taxa (65%) was significantly different with regard to the day/night factor, that of the other 8 taxa (35%) was not. As to the difference between the two depths, the distribution of 15 taxa (65%) was significantly different. Furthermore, in 25 taxa for which over 100 specimens were collected in each of the two depths of water, emergence patterns were examined with regard to the synchrony with day/night and tidal cycles. There were various nocturnal patterns, and the strength of the synchrony with the day/night cycle was different for each species or group. Within the same taxa, nocturnal patterns were more clearly manifested in the surface water than in the bottom water. A tidal rhythm of emergence was only seen in zoeas of shrimp. Variations of the emergence patterns of benthic crustaceans are accounted for by a hypothesis that the frequency of swimming during day versus at night is different in each species. On the other hand, the emergence patterns of some zooplankton reflect by the daily rhythm of vertical migration or dispersal in the water column.