基于DINEOF的静止海洋水色卫星数据重构方法研究

静止轨道海洋水色成像仪(Geostationary Ocean Color Imager, GOCI)提供了时间分辨率达小时级的海洋水色数据,使得对海洋环境的逐时变化监测成为可能。然而受到海洋上空云、雾和霾的影响,数据出现连续高缺失率甚至完全缺失的情况,使得数据使用价值大大降低。在经验正交函数重构法(Data INterpolating Empirical Orthogonal Functions, DINEOF)的基础上,突出时间要素在重构中的地位,运用异常像元检测、拉普拉斯平滑滤波和时间模态2次分解插值,提出了适用于静止海洋水色卫星数据的重构方法——DINEOF-G。利用此方法对杭州湾2017年的GOCI总悬浮物质量浓度数据进行重构,结果表明该方法相比经典方法在重构精度上提高了8%,数据重构率提高了36%,且重构结果较好地反映了杭州湾总悬浮物质量浓度的季节变化规律和空间分布特征。     

大连长兴岛海域疏浚区GF-1 WFV影像悬浮物遥感反演研究

利用2017年8-9月期间大连长兴岛海域实测遥感反射率、悬浮物浓度及GF-1 WFV数据,研究了该区域悬浮物浓度的遥感反演算法,发现遥感反射率与悬浮物浓度的散点图存在两种不同的变化趋势,将2008-2015年期间辽东湾内其它海域的数据与长兴岛海域数据进行叠加后,可初步推断产生两种变化趋势的主要原因在于疏浚区与非疏浚区悬浮物的粒径大小不同,导致其光学特性和反演算法也存在差异。将两种算法分别应用于2017年9月20日辽东湾及长兴岛近岸海域的GF-1 WFV4影像,发现采用非疏浚区算法反演长兴岛海域悬浮物浓度时,出现明显的低估现象,而疏浚区算法则能较好地反映出疏浚施工过程中悬浮物的分布规律,具有较好的工程应用价值。     

黄东海海区总悬浮物散射特性研究

我国黄东海水体散射特性非常复杂,这是造成该海域水色区划特点显著的原因之一。文中利用2003年4月黄东海试验数据(HD200304)对总悬浮物(TSM,Total Suspended Matter)的后向散射概率~bbs和单位散射系数bs*进行研究。基于对现场数据的统计分析,我们开发了总悬浮物后向散射概率模型,通过相对偏差分析表明,有近90%的样品反演相对偏差控制在±30%之内。对总悬浮物单位散射系数研究时,选择555 nm为参考波段,开发了不同波段间总悬浮物单位散射系数关系模型,通过相对偏差分析表明,有近94%的样品反演相对偏差在±10%之内,反演效果非常好。     

Measurements of suspended particulate matter with laser in-situ scattering and transmissometry in the Jiaozhou Bay in China

1 IntroductionKnowledge of suspended particle size and distri-bution is the key elements for better understandingthe sediment transport processes ( Wang et al.,2004), primary production (Ning et al., 2004),water quality controlling and pollution predictio…     

Skeletal linear extension rates of the foliose scleractinian coral Merulina ampliata (Ellis & Solander, 1786) in a turbid environment

Skeletal linear extension rates of a foliaceous, IndoPacific, skiophilous, heterotrophic, scleractinian Merulina ampliata (Ellis & Solander 1786) were obtained along a sediment/nutrient load gradient at the southern islands of Singapore. Measurements were made during November 1999– November 2000 using the alizarin red‐S staining technique. Suspended particulate matter concentration (r²_adj = 0.76), turbidity (r²_adj = 0.59), the organic content of suspended sediments (r² = 0.50), and nitrite‐nitrate concentration (r²_adj = 0.50) were significant predictors of the skeletal linear extension rate of M. ampliata. Maximum linear extension growth rates of M. ampliata (mean ± SD: 1.43 ± 0.67–3.26 ± 0.59 cm·year^?1) were comparable to 15‐year‐old accounts at the same research sites, indicating adaptation to low‐light, high‐sediment waters.     

Resolving physically and biologically driven suspended particulate matter dynamics in a tidal basin with a distribution-based model

Understanding suspended particulate matter (SPM) dynamics in coastal waters is crucial to assess changes in coastal sediment budgets and biogeochemical fluxes. SPM dynamics are subject to various physical and biological factors and processes such as, e.g. tidal currents and aggregation which can be enhanced by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that are produced by algae and bacteria. It is still unclear how the different factors and processes interact and together determine SPM dynamics. To unravel the interacting processes and factors, we propose a new distribution-based modeling approach. Based on the derivation of explicit equations for size distribution characteristics of SPM such as the average radius, we derived a model of reduced complexity characterized by low initialization and parameterization effort as well as low computational cost. The proposed 0D model includes the processes of aggregation and fragmentation due to shear, aggregation due to differential settling, deposition, resuspension and tidal exchange, and describes the evolution of the SPM concentration in the water column linked by the settling velocity to the change of the mass average radius of the aggregate distribution. A systematic parameter variation for critical bottom shear stress of erosion, the size of resuspended aggregates, the fractal dimension, the collision efficiency, and the aggregate strength has been performed and compared to observations in the back-barrier basin of Spiekeroog Island in the German Wadden Sea. This analysis confirms the hypothesis that in winter biological influences on SPM dynamics are smaller compared to summer. This is mainly reflected by a significant shift in the various parameters. We hence conclude that biological control mechanisms have a much more quantitative relevance for SPM dynamics than currently represented by state-of-the-art SPM transport models.     

Distribution and sources of organochlorine pesticides in water and sediments from Daliao River estuary of Liaodong Bay,Bohai Sea (China)

The levels of 19 kinds of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the aqueous phase, suspended particulate matter (SPM), pore water and sediments from Daliao River estuary of Liaodong Bay (Bohai Sea) in northeast China were investigated to evaluate their potential pollution risks. The total OCPs concentrations in the aqueous phase, SPM, pore water and sediments were 3.7–30.1 ng l⁻¹, 4.6–52.6 ng l⁻¹, 157–830 ng l⁻¹ and 2.1–21.3 ng g⁻¹ dry weight, respectively. The concentrations of OCPs, in the Daliao River estuary, are in the mid-range, as compared to those reported in other estuaries worldwide. The distribution of HCHs and DDTs were different indicating different contamination sources. Lindane is the main type of HCH and continuing use in northeast China of ‘pure’ HCH (lindane) rather than technical HCH accounts for the source. The ratios of (DDE + DDD)/DDT in the samples indicate no recent inputs of these chemicals to the estuary.     

椒江河口洪季最大浑浊带核部的悬沙分选机制

以实测悬沙粒径、流速、含沙量资料为基础,通过悬沙不同粒级组分、中值粒径以及粒度参数的统计,分析椒江河口最大浑浊带核部悬沙粒径分布变化特性。研究表明,悬沙粒径分选主要受物质来源、潮流动力作用下底部部分物质再悬浮和絮凝沉降3个因素的影响。其中第二个因素起主导作用,大潮期比小潮期显著,第三个因素的作用主要发生在涨落憩前后低流速期,并在表层较近底层的水体明显。     

闽江口入海悬沙输运的数值模拟

闽江河口位于福建省东部,本文利用欧拉-拉格朗日差分方法模拟闽江口及附近海域在不同径流下的潮流场,并建立拉格朗日水质点跟踪方法近似模拟了悬沙在海域中的迁移过程．水质点运动轨迹计算结果表明,闽江口悬沙在外海主要向南方或东南方输运,其轨迹呈现螺旋线．在洪峰流量下,悬沙运移距离较远．     

夏季台湾浅滩周边水域悬浮物质浊度和叶绿素a荧光分布特征

2004年7～8月在台湾浅滩周边水域进行了两个断面的水体悬浮物浊度、叶绿素a荧光调查,通过对该区域悬浮物质浊度、叶绿素a荧光的夏季分布变化特征研究,结合水文相关要素分析,初步揭示了区域海洋沉积和再悬浮过程对悬浮体浊度、叶绿素a荧光分布的影响。指出悬浮物质浊度在近岸与陆架外缘主要受再悬浮作用影响,而浅滩区再悬浮作用不明显：在陆架外缘区浮游植物的聚集作用对浊度有一定的贡献作用,而近岸区则不明显。