BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Women, Work, and Ideology in the Third World . Haleh Afshar, ed. The Birth of the National Park Service. The Founding Years 1913–33 . Horace M. Albright Theatres of Accumulation: Studies in Asian and Latin American Urbanization . Warwick Armstrong and T.G. McGee. New Tools for Social Scientists, Advances and Applications in Research Methods . William D. Berry and Michael S. Lewis -Beck , eds . Uncertain Dimensions: Western Overseas Empires in the Twentieth Century . Raymond F. Betts. Geography of Sugar Cane . Helmut Blume. The Mines of Neptune: Minerals and Metals from the Sea . Elisabeth Mann Borgese. Geographical Dimensions of Energy . F.J. Calzonetti and B.D. Solomon, eds. Statistical Methods for Geographers . W. A. V. Clark and P. L. Hosking. In The Wake of Columbus, Islands and Controversy . John DeVorsey, Jr., and John Parker, eds. Housing, States and Localities . Peter Dickens, Simon Duncan, Mark Goodwin and Fred Gray. Physician Location and Specialty Choice . Richard L. Ernst and Donald E. Yett. Practical Ecology for Geography and Biology: Survey, Mapping, and Data Analysis . D.D. Gilbertson , M. Kent and F.B. Pyatt Large Scale Water Transfers: Emerging Environmental and Social Experiences . Genady N. Golubev and Asit K. Biswas, eds. The Nature of the Environment . Andrew Goudie. Planning for Population Change . W.T.S. Gould and R. Lawton. The Niger and its Neighbors: Environmental History and Hydrobiology. Human Use and Health Hazards of the Major West African Rivers . A.T. Grove, ed. Remote Sensing of Ice and Snow . Dorothy K. Hall and Jaroslav Martinec. Atlas of Antebellum Southern Agriculture . Sam Bowers Hilliard. Galilee Divided; The Israel-Lebanon Frontier, 1916-1984 . Frederic C. Hor . Plains Country Towns . John C. Hudson. Agricultural Geography: A Social and Economic Analysis . Brian W. Ilbery. Industry in the 1980s: Structural Change and Interdependence . U.N. Industrial Development Organization. Crabgrass Frontier: The Suburbanization of the United States . Kenneth T. Jackson. The Industrial Geography of Italy . Russell King. Studies in Linguistic Geography: The Dialects of English in Britain and Ireland . John M. Kirk, Stewart Sanderson, J.D.A. Widdowson, eds. Tourism: A Community Approach . Peter E. Murphy. Cities and Services: The Geography of Collective Consumption . Steven Pinch. An Historical Geography of Europe 1800–1914 . Norman J. G. Pounds. An Introduction to Human Ecology Research on Agricultural Systems in Southeast Asia . A. Terry Rambo and Percy E. Sajise, eds. Discovering Past Landscapes . Michael Reed, ed. Managing the Ocean: Resources, Research, Law . Jacques G. Richardson, ed. Carta fitosociologica de la transecta botanica de la Patagonia Austral . F.A. Roig , Juan Anchorema , Orlando Dollenz , A.M. Faggi and Eduardo Mandez Intermetropolitan Migration in Canada: Changing Determinants over Three Decades . R. Paul Shaw. Chinese Cities—The Growth of the Metropolis since 1949 . Victor F. Sit, ed. Urbanization in the World-Economy . Michael Timberlake, ed. The Al Business: Commercial Uses of Artificial Intelligence . Patrick H. Winston and Karen A. Prendergast, eds.     

盐水处理对沙拐枣气体交换特征、光合色素和可溶性糖含量的影响

通过对室外不同浓度盐水(0、4、12、20、28 g/L粗盐)灌溉的桶栽沙拐枣(Calligonum spp.)气体交换参数、光合色素和可溶性糖含量随时间变化情况的分析结果表明:随着盐处理时间的延续,(1)低盐(4～12 g/L)处理条件下沙拐枣光合作用先逐渐增强,后又因非气孔因素限制而下降;高盐(20～28 g/L)处理条件下植株前期受气孔因素限制,后期受非气孔因素限制,光合作用严重下降.(2)不同盐处理条件下沙拐枣叶绿素a(chla)、叶绿素b(chlb)、总叶绿素(chl)含量均下降,类胡萝卜素(car)、chla/b、car/chl先增加后下降,但低盐处理较高盐处理变化小.(3)低盐处理对沙拐枣可溶性糖含量变化不大,而高盐处理下其极显著增加.因此,短期低盐处理促进沙拐枣光合作用,但长期盐处理亦使植物光合作用下降;高盐处理抑制沙拐枣生长,长期处理将导致植物死亡.     

雷州半岛甘蔗的营养状况

通过对雷州半岛蔗区甘蔗营养状况的普查 ,利用数理统计方法 ,分析了养分间、养分与经济性状间的相关关系。结果表明 :增N、提高土壤pH值可显著提高茎长 ,茎长的提高可促进单茎重、工业蔗产量、含糖量极显著提高。增K、Mg可显著提高有效茎 ,有效茎的提高可促进工业蔗产量显著提高 ,却导致锤度显著下降。偏施Mg会导致锤度极显著下降。因而采取的措施为增N、K ,合理配施镁含量低的石灰和P肥 ,以促进茎长、单茎重、有效茎的提高 ,从而提高产量 ;控施Mg肥 ,达到提高糖分含量的目的     

灰树花糖蛋白中总糖含量的测定

探讨糖蛋白中总糖含量测定的简捷方法,以2种灰树花糖蛋白(GF6A,GF6B)为原料,分别以硫酸-苯酚法和次亚碘酸钠法对其中的总糖含量进行了比较分析。结果显示,应用前者方法测定多糖含量分别为85.45%和38.46%,采用后者方法测定结果分别为87.03%,36.51%,2种方法测定的结果相近,其中以硫酸-苯酚法因不需对样品进行预水解,方法简便、可靠,更适合于糖蛋白中总糖含量测定。     

不同播期下甜高粱含糖量变化及其与气象因子的关系

为确定甜高粱适宜播期及含糖量关键气象影响因子,以新疆玛纳斯地区甜高粱主栽品种为试验材料,对不同播期下甜高粱含糖量的变化及其与气象因子的关系进行了比较分析。结果表明,随生育期延迟,甜高粱茎秆总糖含量、蔗糖含量逐渐升高,成熟期最高;还原糖含量开花期达到最大值,灌浆期后逐渐下降,至成熟期最低。不同播期之间甜高粱茎秆含糖量存在显著差异(P<0.05),"新高粱3号"适宜早播,以4月25日播种较为适宜;T601适宜迟播,以5月8日播种较为适宜。相关分析结果表明,不同播期下不同品种甜高粱茎秆糖分含量与平均温度、降水、日照时数和风速存在显著相关(P<0.05),可根据气温、降水和日照时数进行甜高粱含糖量预测。     

The Impacts of the Appalachian Mountains on the Post-Glacial Migration Pathways and Gene Flow of Sugar Maple (Acer Saccharum)

Understanding the post-glacial migration of species from their Pleistocene refugia to their modern ranges requires an examination of the influence of topography on migration pathways. We refined the migration ranges of sugar maple (Acer saccharum) since the last ice age, as described by Delcourt and Delcourt (1987), to exclude elevations where sugar maple was unlikely to have existed. The elevations, used as indictors of climatic limits, were based on the modern regional elevation limits of sugar maple. Paleo-range maps of sugar maple were combined with a digital elevation model in a geographic information system to remove the climatically unsuitable regions for sugar maple along its post-glacial migration. The genetic consequences of the interrupted migration pathways of sugar maple are discussed in relation to published studies of broad-spatial-scale genetic diversity in sugar maple.     

Drawing the EBA (Everything but Arms) map: Least Developed Country classification and the case of EBA sugar

Offering the world's Least Developed Countries (LDCs) unhindered access to European markets for all exports other than arms, the European Union's Everything but Arms programme is the most favourable of its preferential trade arrangements. This paper discusses the classification of LDCs and focuses on the geography of LDC sugar trade to suggest unintended consequences of the EBA programme in creating new country configurations in the global South.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: The Rice Economy of Asia . Randolph Barker and Robert W. Herdt with Beth Rose. Using Microcomputers: A Guidebook for Writers, Teachers, and Researchers in the Social Sciences . Blaine A. Erie—the Lake that Survived . Noel M. Burns. Geology and Society . Donald R. Coates. Caves and Karst of Kentucky . Percy H. Dougherty, ed. Altered Harvest: Agriculture, Genetics, and the Fate of the World's Food Supply . Jack Doyle. The Middle East and North Africa, A Political Geography . Alasdair Drysdale and Gerald H. Blake. Clamor at the Gates. The New American Immigration . Nathan Glazer, ed. Development and the Landowner: An analysis of the British experience . Robin Goodchild and Richard Munton. Discovering Landscape in England and Wales . Andrew Goudie and Rita Gardner. The Modern Plantation in the Third World . Edgar Graham and Ingrid Floering. Social Relations and Spatial Structures . Derek Gregory and John Urry, eds. The World Food Problem 1950–1980 . David Grigg. Costa Rica: A Geographical Interpretation in Historical Perspective . Carolyn Hall. The Urbanization of Capital: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey Consciousness and the Urban Experience: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey. Reviving Main Street . Deryck Holdsworth, ed. Rural Roads and Poverty Alleviation . John Howe and Peter Richards, eds. Uneven Development in Southern Europe: Studies of Accumulation, Class, Migration and the State . Ray Hudson and Jim Lewis, eds. Karst Geomorphology . J. N. Jennings. The Geomorphology of North-west England . R. H. Johnson, ed. Climate Impact Assessment: Studies of the Interaction of Climate and Society . Robert Kates, Jesse Ausubel, Mimi Berberian, eds. Public Service Provision and Urban Development . Andrew Kirby, Paul Knox, and Steven Pinch, ed. State and Market: The Politics of the Public and the Private . Jan-Erik Lane, ed. Living Cities . Twentieth Century Fund Task Force on Urban Preservation Policies. World Climatic Systems . John G. Lockwood. Urban Ethnicity in the United States. New Immigrants and Old Minorities . Lionel Maldonaldo and Joan Moore, eds. Culture and Conservation: The Human Dimension in Environmental Planning . Jeffrey A. McNeely and David Pitt, eds. The Andean Past. Land, Societies, and Conflicts . Magnus Mörner. Gaia: An Atlas of Planet Management . Norman Myers, ed. Progress in Industrial Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Political Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Rivers and Landscape . Geoff Petts and Ian Foster. Urbanization and Planning in the 3rd World: Spatial Perceptions and Public Participation . Robert B. Potter. One Island, Two Nations? A Political Geographical Analysis of the National Conflict in Ireland . D. G. Pringle. Circulation in Third World Countries . R. Mansell Prothero and Murray Chapman. The Ozarks Outdoors: A Guide for Fishermen, Hunters, and Tourists . Milton D. Rafferty. Suburban Burglary: A Time and a Place for Everything . George Rengert and John Wasilchick. Geomorphology and Soils . K.S. Richards, R.R. Arnett, and S. Ellis, eds. The Homes and Homeless of Post-War Britain . Frederick Shaw. Indochinese Refugees in America . Paul J. Strand and Woodrow Jones, Jr. Wild Horses and Sacred Cows . Richard Symanski. Forever Wild: Environmental Aesthetics and the Adirondack Forest Preserve . Philip G. Terrie. The Regional Economic Impact of Technological Change . A.T. Thwaites and R.P. Oakey, eds. The Good Life . Yi-Fu Tuan.     

A bridge between dual porosity and multiscale models of heterogeneous deformable porous media

In this paper, a multiscale homogenization approach is developed for fully coupled saturated porous media to represent the idealized sugar cube model, which is generally employed in fractured porous media on the basis of dual porosity models. In this manner, an extended version of the Hill-Mandel theory that incorporates the microdynamic effects into the multiscale analysis is presented, and the concept of the deformable dual porosity model is demonstrated. Numerical simulations are performed employing the multiscale analysis and dual porosity model, and the results are compared with the direct numerical simulation through 2 numerical examples. Finally, a combined multiscale-dual porosity technique is introduced by employing a bridge between these 2 techniques as an alternative approach that reduces the computational cost of numerical simulation in modeling of heterogeneous deformable porous media.     

影响勐海甘蔗产量与糖分的气候因子变化特征

为在甘蔗栽培、糖业生产、糖业贸易中针对气候因子的变化采取及时有效的应对措施提供依据,对影响云南勐海甘蔗产量和糖分的气候因子近45年来的趋势性、阶段性和周期性进行分析。结果表明：影响甘蔗产量的气候因子中,3~10月的积温增加趋势显著;3~10月的积温和降水量有显著的阶段性;3~10月的积温、降水量、日照时数都有显著的振荡周期。影响甘蔗糖分的气候因子中,10~11月的平均最低气温增加趋势比较显著,有显著的周期性和阶段性;11月至次年2月的降水量有3~4年的振荡周期,趋势性和阶段性不显著。