Records of Indosinian Orogenesis in Lhasa Terrane, Tibet

Based on the deformation characteristics of the ductile shear zones in Sumdo (松多) Group, the quartz fabric by EBSD (electron backscatter diffraction), the data of muscovite 40Ar-39Ar geochronology (220-230 Ma) from ductile shear zones and the zircon SHRIMP U-Pb chronology (190 Ma) of granites in Snmdo region, Lhasa (拉萨) terrane is thought to have experienced an important Indosinian orogenic event at 220-230 Ma, which caused the closure of the paleo-Tethys Ocean along the tectonic zone of eclogite and the collision between northern part and southern part of the Lhasa terrane. The zircon SHRIMP U-Pb chronology of 190 Ma for biotite adamellite, with the distributing characteristics of the granite massif intruding in Sumdo Group, indicates that the biotite adamellitc should be the late orogenic or post-orogenic granite resulting from the lndosinian orogenesis. The discovery of Indosinian orogenic belt in Lhasa terrane expansed the southern boundary of lndosinian orogenic belt in Qinghai (青海)-Tibet plateau to Lhasa terrane from Qiangtang (羌塘) terrane, which changed the understanding about the distribution of Indosinian orogenic belt in Qinghai-Tibet plateau and extended the "T" type lndosinian orogenic belt in China. The study is very important for the formation and distribution of paleo-Tethys Ocean in Tibet. The ancient terrane framework and evolution of Qinghai-Tibet plateau need further research.     

梯队式变刚度滞变-摩擦隔震体系的抗震设计方法

首先,在简述已有隔震体系抗震设计方法的基础上,分析了滞变一摩擦隔震体系各种因素对基底剪力的影响;然后,通过大量仿真分析,采用多项式回归的方法提出了与规范衔接的水平地震作用的计算公式;最后,提出了梯队式变刚度滞变一摩擦隔震体系的抗震设计方法,并通过工程实例验证了方法的有效性。     

碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土柱的剪力-位移关系及其破坏位移增大系数分析

编制了碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土柱的剪力-位移关系全过程分析程序,通过对多种工况下碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土柱的剪力-位移关系进行大量计算分析,较全面地探讨了碳纤维布配箍特征值、轴压比、剪跨比、箍筋配箍特征值、纵筋配筋率、混凝土强度等参数对碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土柱的剪力-位移关系及其破坏位移增大系数的影响。在此基础上,给出了碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土柱破坏位移增大系数的回归计算公式,统计建立了碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土柱的剪力-位移关系三折线模型中各无量纲特征参数的确定方法。     

Comparison of vane shear and fall cone strengths of soft marine clay

A total of 1,014 measures of sediment shear strengths were measured by means of miniature vane shear and fall cone tests on five gravity cores collected in Eckernfo‐erde Bay, Baltic Sea. Paired t test was used to compare the shear strengths measured by the two methods. It was found that fall cone strength calculated with Wood's K₆₀value (0.29) overestimates the vane shear strength by 0.15 kPa (a = 0.001) and the sample mean of the fall cone strength is 4.1% higher than the mean of the vane shear strength. However, fall cone strength calculated with Hansbo's K₆₀ value (0.24) underestimates the vane shear strength by 0.88 kPa (a = 0.001), and the sample mean of the fall cone strength is 13.8% less than the mean of the vane shear strength. Both calculated fall cone strengths are significantly different from the vane shear strength, with a p value of less than 0.001. Regression analysis of the Echernfoerde Bay data indicates that a new K₆₀ value is 0.275 with a confidence interval (a = 0.01) from 0.2704 to 0.2786. Paired t test shows that there is no significant difference between miniature vane shear and fall cone tests for these samples if the fall cone strength is calculated with K₆₀ = 0.275.     

Estimation of Residual Undrained Shear Strength from Gravity Corer Penetration Data

Residual undrained shear strength, s _{u_res} , is an important parameter for analyzing the response of structures buried within potentially unstable soil mass. A framework for estimating s _{u_res} of fine grained sediments from gravity corer penetration has been developed considering viscous drag during free fall of the corer through seawater and cohesive energy loss during sediment penetration. The procedure was used to estimate s _{u_res} using data from a submarine geotechnical investigation in western Canada. Comparison of the results with alternative estimates of s _{u_res} from miniature torvane tests on the gravity core samples and CPTs performed nearby reveals a reasonable agreement.     

Numerical Simulation of Rainfall-induced Xianchi Reservoir Landslide in Yunyang, Chongqing, China

A calamitous landslide happened at 22:00 on September 1, 2014 in the Yunyang area of Chongqing City, southwest China, enforcing the evacuation of 508 people and damaging 23 buildings. The landslide volume comprised 1.44 million m3 of material in the source area and 0.4 million m3 of shoveled material. The debris flow runout extended 400 m vertically and 1600 m horizontally. The Xianchi reservoir landslide event has been investigated as follows: (1) samples collected from the main body of landslide were carried out using GCTS ring shear apparatus; (2) the parameters of shear and pore water pressure have been measured; and (3) the post-failure characteristics of landslide have been analyzed using the numerical simulation method. The excess pore-water pressure and erosion in the motion path are considered to be the key reasons for the long-runout motion and the scale-up of landslides, such as that at Xianchi, were caused by the heavy rainfall. The aim of this paper is to acquired numerical parameters and the basic resistance model, which is beneficial to improve simulation accuracy for hazard assessment for similar to potentially dangerous hillslopes in China and elsewhere.     

非均质与各向异性黏土基坑抗隆起稳定分析

经典的Prandtl 机构不能很好地反映支护结构入土深度的影响,也不能反映土体强度非均质和各向异性的影响。根据塑性极限分析上限定理,基于修正的Prandtl机构,推导了既可以合理反映支护结构入土深度影响,又可以反映土体强度非均质和各向异性特性的基坑抗隆起稳定的上限解公式,同时基于商业化程序的二次开发,建立了可以考虑土体强度非均质和各向异性影响的强度折减弹塑性有限元方法。通过提出的修正Prandtl机构上限解与强度折减有限元方法以及多块体上限解的对比,验证了修正机构上限解以及强度折减有限元法的合理性和可行性,最后讨论了非均质系数、各向异性系数、支护机构入土深度等因素对基坑抗隆起稳定性的影响,并通过了实例的验证,相关结论可供工程参考。     

白鹤滩层间错动带微结构特性及其化学改性初探

白鹤滩水电站层间错动带结构疏松、性状软弱、空间展布范围大、力学强度低,严重影响着地下厂房洞室的稳定性。为了揭示并改良层间错动带的力学特性,首先通过矿物成分分析试验、扫描电镜试验和压汞试验,从微观结构角度对层间错动带的矿物组成特征、颗粒排列规律、孔隙分布规律进行了详细的研究,阐明了层间错动带的微观结构特性及其对灌浆材料选择的影响,进而开展了层间错动带化学溶液浸泡对比试验。试验表明,硅酸钠溶液可以有效改善层间错动带的完整性,明显提高层间错动带的弹性波速、抗压强度、弹性模量和凝聚力。其研究结果对白鹤滩层间错动带的工程加固和改性设计具有一定的借鉴意义。     

人工胶结砂物理力学特性试验研究

采用二次掺水法制备氧化钙胶结砂样,为加速碳酸化将试样放置在充满干冰的养护箱中养护,养护完成后对不同氧化钙掺入比的试样进行固结排水三轴试验和碳酸钙定量化学试验,分析了氧化钙掺入量对胶结砂物理力学特性的影响,定义了反映胶结物生成量的化学指标 ,利用 修正了摩尔-库仑强度理论。结果表明：二次掺水法可有效控制人工胶结砂的初始含水率,CaCO3胶结物的形成对试样物理力学特性有极大影响。在不同围压下,试样均表现出应力软化。随氧化钙掺入比的增加,试样应力软化现象逐渐增强,并且黏聚力及内摩擦角增量逐渐增大。胶结砂具有压硬性,围压、氧化钙的掺入比对试样剪胀有抑制作用。随着 的增加,试样黏聚力、摩擦角增量均有明显提高,通过试验数据得到了 与试样黏聚力、内摩擦角增量之间的函数关系,进而对摩尔-库仑强度理论进行了修正,修正后的公式能够反映胶结物的形成对胶结砂强度的影响。     

低幅值小应变振动下土体弹性刚度的非线性特征与表述方法

随着高速铁路建设的兴起,轨道以及沿线附近建筑物承受低幅值小应变振动荷载的作用。对于小应变振动下土体的有限元计算,如何确定连接应力和应变之间纽带的刚度张量E,对于建立合理的预测模型来分析高速铁路轨道以及沿线建筑物的沉降变形至关重要。低幅值小应变振动下剪切模量G和阻尼比D随剪应变幅值的变化是反映土体刚度及阻尼特征最重要的两个参数。通过共振柱试验发现,振动荷载作用下土体的剪切模量G必须通过振动应变幅值和固结围压共同来确定,即使在小应变（剪应变幅值10-6相似文献