利用半参数模型估计确定验潮组网的深度基准面

深度基准面的确定是进行海洋测量的基础,准确确定深度基准面是进行海洋测量的有效前提。提出了一种将CORS技术与验潮组网技术进行结合的新传递深度基准面的方法,实现长、短期验潮站同步验潮实现深度基准面的增强传递;提出了采用半参数模型理论来求取潮差比的计算方法;具体阐述了验潮组网通过间接平差求取短期验潮站的深度基准面的计算方法,减少了验潮测量的人力投入,计算潮差比时考虑了系统误差的影响,计算短期验潮站时考虑了观测误差对深度基准面传递的影响。     

潜艇指挥台围壳对阻力和伴流场影响数值研究

采用Reynolds平均Navier-Stokes(RANS)方法计算潜艇三维粘性流场,分析潜艇指挥台围壳对潜艇水动力性能的影响.采用全附体SUBOFF模型验证了CFD方法,通过将螺旋桨盘面处的实效伴流场、艇体表面压力分布以及模型总阻力的模拟结果与Taylor船池的实验结果进行对比.比较结果显示CFD计算结果与实验数据具有很好的一致性,表明CFD方法可以用于潜艇指挥台围壳设计的水动力计算.通过数值计算研究指挥台围壳的高度和在艇上的分布位置对其后方的流场、螺旋桨盘面处的伴流场和阻力的影响.     

SESAM锁模激光器在卫星激光测距领域应用研究

本文在分析SESAM(Semiconductor Saturable Absorber Mirrors)锁模激光器原理及技术特点、描述其工作流程的基础上,展示了SESAM锁模激光器用于卫星激光测距的实测结果,通过对卫星激光测距数据数量及质量分析,得出了SESAM锁模激光器以窄脉冲宽度、高能量密度、输出稳定等优势首次在国内应用于卫星激光测距系统后,使系统整体性能得到明显提升的结论。     

淹没植物对河道糙率的影响

基于河道水动力及植物柔性变形分析,建立淹没状态下的植物河道糙率计算的理论关系,同时,利用试验资料及理论分析成果,进一步获得了植物河道糙率的附加值,借此可以分析与评价河道植物对水流阻力的影响程度.     

Parametric vibration of submerged floating tunnel tether under random excitation

For the study of the parametric vibration response of submerged floating tunnel tether under random excitation,a nonlinear random parametric vibration equation of coupled tether and tube of submerged floating tunnel is set up.Subsequently,vibration response of tether in the tether-tube system is analyzed by Monte Carlo method.It may be concluded that when the tube is subjected to zero-mean Gaussian white noise random excitation,the displacement and velocity root mean square responses of tether reach the peak if the circular frequency of tube doubles that of tether;the displacement and velocity root mean square responses of tether increase as the random excitation root mean square increases;owing to the damping force of water,the displacement and velocity root mean square responses of tether decrease rapidly compared with tether in air;increasing the damping of the tether or tube reduces the displacement and velocity root mean square responses of tether;the large-amplitude vibration of tether may be avoided by locating dampers on the tether or tube.     

Parametric study for underwater blast-induced pipeline response embedded in marine sediments

Abstract

Blast response of submerged pipelines has been a research focus in recent years. In this article, a three-dimensional numerical model is established to investigate dynamic response of pipelines due to underwater explosion. The u–p approximation is integrated into finite element method (FEM) to simulate pore water effect in the seabed. Numerical continuity between hydraulic pressure in the flow field and pore pressure in the marine sediment is guaranteed to realize the blast response of submerged pipelines in ocean environment. Both fluid–structure interaction (FSI) and pipeline–seabed interaction (PSI) have been considered in the proposed model simultaneously. A comprehensive parametric study is carried out after validation of the present model with test data from underground explosion and underwater explosion, respectively. The effect of embedment depth, TNT equivalent, stand-off distance, pipeline diameter, and pipeline thickness to blast response of the submerged pipelines is investigated based on numerical results. Variation of deformation patterns and stress distribution of the pipeline with various installation and structure parameters has been illustrated and discussed to facilitate engineering practice.     

抛石潜堤护面块石稳定试验

通过断面模型试验确定了抛石潜堤护面块石的稳定重量,并与理论计算结果进行比较,阐明了模型试验的重要性。     

高阶非线性完全频散性波浪数值模型及应用

为更精确地模拟强非线性完全频散性波浪的传播,采用长波上非线性重力表面波传播高阶数学模型,综合参考此模式已有的研究成果,建立了一个高达五阶的完全频散性非线性数值模型。应用该五阶模式对斜坡地形、潜堤地形及正弦沙链地形进行模拟计算,并与已有的实验资料进行对比,结果显示五阶模式较低阶模式模拟结果的精度上有了明显提高,模拟波形与实验结果吻合度良好,证明高阶模式更适用于高频散高非线性波浪传播的数值模拟。     

近期长江大通至南京河段潮动力变化趋势与机制

近期长江感潮河段径、潮动力已然发生变化,但其变化机制与趋势有待进一步探讨。通过对长江大通至南京河段的野外调查,并分析了近40年来大通、芜湖和南京站水文资料,探讨了近期该河段的潮动力变化机制与趋势。结果表明:近年来长江大通至南京段潮动力有增强趋势。具体表现为相近径流量条件,潮差平均增大约10 cm,主要分潮振幅增加10%～30%,潮汐形态系数有减小趋势。引起上述变化的原因可能有:(1)近期感潮河段整体冲刷变深导致潮波上溯阻力减小;(2)口外潮汐动力增强以及海平面上升等使潮汐上溯能力增强。此外,长江流域修建了大量水库群,导致该河段径流量变化由自然因素主导变成自然与人为调控共同作用为主,从而影响了潮动力的相对强弱。     

多基线-数字近景摄影测量

根据交会精度与影像匹配自动化的需要,与当今航空数码相机沿航线方向视场角偏小的事实,阐述了大重叠、多基线摄影测量的必要性及其现实意义;重点介绍了利用非量测相机进行多基线的正直、交向摄影方法与数据处理的特点,特别是“多基线交向摄影”,通过多次、多相机对三峡工程地下电站尾水边坡进行拍摄试验,获得了传统非量测相机难以比拟的、非常满意的结果。