不同受火方式下混凝土框架结构的变形研究

针对单层框架和三层框架,通过高温数值分析,初步考察了不同受火方式下结构的变形特征。研究发现：①火灾蔓延对结构高温变形影响较大,此时节点的水平位移总体上小于结构全层／全部受火时的相应结果;②受火区间仅对相邻跨或相邻层有一定影响,而对隔跨或隔层影响相对较小;③非对称局部受火情况下,单层框架边节点的水平位移可能比全层受火时更大。     

反复荷载作用下型钢混凝土L形柱的受力性能

为了揭示型钢混凝土L形柱在地震作用下的受力性能,设计8个试件进行低周反复加载试验.试验分两批,第一批4个试件采用"建研式"加载,另外4个采用"悬臂柱式"加载.试验中考虑截面配钢形式、荷载加载方向、轴压比和剪跨比4个参数的影响.由试验获得了型钢混凝土L形柱的主要破坏形态和滞回曲线,分析了各参数对构件的破坏特点及滞回性能的影响,并对不同加载方式的试验结果进行了理论诠释.结果表明:型钢混凝土L形柱的破坏形态主要为剪切斜压破坏、剪弯破坏和弯曲破坏,破坏形态与剪跨比有关;构件具有良好的延性,极限侧移角大,耗能能力强,抗震性能好;L形柱截面不对称,采用"悬臂柱式"加载时,滞回曲线不对称,而"建研式"加载时,由于受到加载装置上下端头的约束,试件的滞回曲线对称.在框架结构中型钢混凝土L形柱受到刚性楼盖的约束,在水平荷载作用下滞回曲线是对称的.研究结果可供工程设计参考.     

耗能段腹板高厚比对Y型偏心支撑钢框架滞回性能影响的试验研究

Y型偏心支撑钢框架是偏心支撑结构中抗震耗能的结构形式之一,为了研究Y型偏心支撑钢框架中耗能梁段腹板高厚比对结构滞回性能的影响,进行了2榀1/3缩尺Y型偏心支撑钢框架的低周反复荷载试验.本文主要介绍了试验过程,分析了Y型偏心支撑钢框架在循环荷载作用下的破坏机理、滞回性能、延性、刚度退化规律以及耗能能力.试验结果表明:Y型偏心支撑钢框架延性好、耗能能力强,耗能梁段腹板高厚比的改变对Y型偏心支撑钢框架强度、刚度以及耗能能力具有较大的影响.耗能梁段腹板高厚比设计得合理,Y型偏心支撑钢框架侧向刚度较大,可以满足在小震或中震作用下的结构变形要求,在大震作用下提供良好的变形能力和耗散地震能量的功能.     

型钢混凝土框架pushover分析

Pushover分析方法是逐渐得到广泛应用的一种评估结构抗震性能的简化方法。由于型钢混凝土（SRC）构件塑性铰属性确定方面的原因,SRC构件难以直接应用于pushover分析方法,而常采用按“等刚度”原则转化为钢筋混凝土构件（RC）进行计算。本文从理论上给出了SRC压弯构件N-M相关曲线、Mx-My相关曲线的形成方法,提出了SRC构件M-φ曲线的确定及转化为塑性铰曲线的原则,并研究了SRC构件塑性铰区等效长度的计算方法,可为SRC结构进行pushover分析提供参考数据。按照本文方法,采用pushover方法对两跨三层SRC框架进行分析,结果与该结构模型振动台实验吻合较好。在此基础上,对10层SRC框架和采用刚度等效的3层、10层的钢筋混凝土（RC）框架进行了对比分析,结果表明,随着层数的增加,SRC结构相对于RC结构表现出更优越的抗震耗能能力。     

型钢混凝土柱恢复力模型试验研究

开展了6个1/2比例的型钢混凝土(SRC)框架柱试件的低周反复加载试验.重点考虑轴压力系数和配箍特征值对型钢混凝土柱变形性能和滞回特征的影响.在试验研究基础上,分析了滞回曲线特征,并确定了恢复力模型的滞回规则.通过对试验结果的回归分析确定了卸载刚度和反复加载下的强度退化率,主要考虑参数包括位移延性比和轴压力系数.恢复力模型的骨架曲线由弹性段、强化段和强度退化段组成三线形骨架曲线.骨架曲线采用基于截面条带法和按实验数据的统计回归分析方法确定,其强化段和强度退化段均考虑了轴压力系数的影响.从而建立了能够考虑轴压力系数对滞回特性影响的型钢混凝土柱剪力-侧移恢复力模型.     

Topographic and atmospheric effects on goce gradiometric data in a local north-oriented frame: A case study in Fennoscandia and Iran

Satellite gradiometry is an observation technique providing data that allow for evaluation of Stokes’ (geopotential) coefficients. This technique is capable of determining higher degrees/orders of the geopotential coefficients than can be achieved by traditional dynamic satellite geodesy. The satellite gradiometry data include topographic and atmospheric effects. By removing those effects, the satellite data becomes smoother and harmonic outside sea level and therefore more suitable for downward continuation to the Earth’s surface. For example, in this way one may determine a set of spherical harmonics of the gravity field that is harmonic in the exterior to sea level. This article deals with the above effects on the satellite gravity gradients in the local north-oriented frame. The conventional expressions of the gradients in this frame have a rather complicated form, depending on the first-and second-order derivatives of the associated Legendre functions, which contain singular factors when approaching the poles. On the contrary, we express the harmonic series of atmospheric and topographic effects as non-singular expressions. The theory is applied to the regions of Fennoscandia and Iran, where maps of such effects and their statistics are presented and discussed.     

Local fracture‐induced phenomena in steel moment frames

Brittle fractures were observed at the welded beam‐to‐column connections of a number of steel moment frame buildings following the M6.7 1994 Northridge earthquake. Such fractures cause a rapid loss of connection strength and stiffness, as well as a sudden release of the strain energy stored by the connection at the time of fracture. Immediately following the fracture, a number of highly transient phenomena occur locally in the members adjacent to the connection, as well as globally in the structure as a whole. Four significant local phenomena were observed locally during shaking table tests of a one‐third scale, two‐story, one‐bay steel moment frame in which quasi‐brittle beam‐to‐column fractures occurred: (a) change in beam deflected shape; (b) change in moment distribution in adjacent members; (c) generation and propagation of elastic waves; and (d) initiation of dynamic modal response at the member level. Owing to the highly transient nature of these phenomena, they were observed to have second‐order effects on overall behavior of the system. In comparison, the reductions in local strength and stiffness caused by the fractures had much more significant effects on system behavior. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Coupled shear‐bending formulation for seismic analysis of stacked wood shear wall systems

A summary of the development of a new coupled shear‐bending model for analysis of stacked wood shear walls and multi‐story wood‐frame buildings is presented in this paper. The model focuses on dynamic response of light‐frame wood structures under seismic excitation. The formulation is intended to provide a more versatile option than present pure shear models in that the new model is capable of accurately capturing the overall lateral response of each story diaphragm and separates the inter‐story shear deformation and the deformation associated with rotation of the diaphragm due to rod elongation, which is an analogue to the bending deformation in an Euler–Bernoulli beam model. Modeling the coupling of bending and shear deformation is shown to provide more accurate representation of stacked shear wall system behavior than a pure shear model, particularly for the upper stories in the assembly. The formulation is coupled with the newly developed evolutionary parameter hysteretic model for wood shear walls. Existing data from a shake table test of an isolated three‐story wood shear wall were used to verify the accuracy of the model prediction. The numerical results agreed very well with shake table test measurements. The influence of a continuous rod hold‐down system on the dynamic behavior of the three‐story stacked wood shear wall was also successfully simulated. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

改善混凝土剪力墙抗震性能的研究

混凝土剪力墙被广泛运用于各类结构体系中。它作为主要的抗侧力单元,其刚度大、承载力高,但当剪力墙以受剪破坏为主时,其抗震性能较差。为此,不少学者提出了各种改善混凝土剪力墙抗震性能的措施。本文对几种采用不同构造措施的剪力墙作了简要介绍,特别是介绍一种新型双重组合剪力墙。     

箱型钢结构应力场的模糊模式识别

本文依据模糊模式识别理论,以深圳市民中心屋顶网架结构的智能健康监测系统为背景,系统地介绍了屋顶网架结构支承箱型钢牛腿应力场的模糊模式识别方法。文中,在说明了方法的基本思路的基础上,详细介绍了方法的基本原理和仿真分析的步骤。并通过对深圳市民中心25号钢牛腿应力场识别的仿真,验证了方法的效果和可靠性。