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211.
The ability of seismological criteria to identify earthquakes from underground explosions depends partly on the orientation of the earthquake source. Well-determined double-couple moment tensor solutions for a large number of earthquakes have been published in the Harvard centroid moment tensor (CMT) and United Slates Geological Survey (USGS) catalogues. Statistical analyses of these catalogues indicate that the distribution of the orientation of earthquake mechanisms is not random. The distribution of the T axes shows significant clustering around the downward vertical, indicating that a larger number of earthquake mechanisms radiate compressional P -wave energy to teleseismic distances from near the maximum of the radiation pattern than is predicted if earthquake sources are randomly oriented double couples. The clustered T axes correspond to compressional dip-slip mechanisms, and it is this type of mechanism which is believed to cause both the m b : M s (the ratio of body-wave to surface-wave magnitude) and first-motion criteria to misidentify an earthquake as an explosion. 相似文献
212.
本文对西南极菲尔德斯形变网GPS监测数据的误差特性进行分析,利用数理统计原理检验了数据中的系统误差,提出了削弱这类系统误差的方法。该方法有3个特点:1.以监测网中两个稳定点为基准;2.对监测网数据进行尺度因子改正与坐标变换迭代计算;3.归算后监测网点位结构不变。经改化处理后的数据,基本上消除了系统误差的影响。 相似文献
213.
粒度分析在塔克拉玛干沙漠研究中的应用 总被引:18,自引:6,他引:18
本文重点探讨了塔克拉玛干沙漠的风成沙粒度组成特征及其与物源的关系,同时对沙丘的下伏地层沙、现代河流沙及丘间地沙的粒度组成也进行了对比。通过对该沙漠第四纪沉积物的粒度分析,证实了风成沙的粒度分布以极细沙为主,不含粗沙,粉沙含量极小;粒度组合、分选主要受营力和源区物质制约,结果使粒度空间分布形成格局。总之,通过粒度分析得到一系列量化指征,可为研究风沙流运动,探讨沉积环境和改造沙漠、发展沙产业提供理论依据。 相似文献
214.
大水沟独立碲矿床的直接赋矿围岩为低绿片岩相变质岩。前人认为其原岩为陆源碎屑岩。通过对该赋矿岩系的地质特征(包括岩相学特征与副矿物组合标型特征)、岩石化学特征、硅同位素地球化学特征和稀土元素地球化学特征(包括元素钪的地球化学特征)的研究,证明其原岩为分异程度较低的幔源拉斑玄武岩,并具有典型岩浆玄武岩的演化趋势。 相似文献
215.
黔西南纳哥金矿地质地球化学特征及成因探讨余大龙,毛健全,潘年勋,杜定权(贵州工学院,贵阳550003)关键词微细浸染型金矿,地质地球化学,成因,黔西南1地质背景纳哥金矿共有矿体17个,普查储量6t(其中>3g/t的约1.2t)1)。矿区位于贞丰县城东... 相似文献
216.
Characteristics of Volcanic Rocks in the Shoshonite Province, Eastern China, and Their Metallogenesis 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
Wang Dezi Ren Qijiang Qiu Jiansheng Chen Kerong Xu Zhaowen Zeng Jiahu Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 《《地质学报》英文版》1996,70(3):246-259
The shoshonite province in eastern China is characterized by extensive distribution (ca. 80000 km2) of Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous (165-100 Ma) shoshonite series with subordinate high-K calc-alkali series. It was formed in a dominantly tensile stress field. In comparison with their analogues in island arcs and active continental margins in other countries, the volcanic rocks in the shoshonite province have their specific characteristics in petrology, mineralogy and geochemistry as well as related mineralization association, which are the comprehensive reflection of the special composition and structure of the mantle and crust of the province and the special Mesozoic regional tectonic setting. 相似文献
217.
Chen Jun Wan Hongtao Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsuand Lu HuayuKey Lab. of Loess Quaternary Geology Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi an Shaanxi Liu Xinzhu 《《地质学报》英文版》1996,70(3):290-302
The chemical leaching method is used for a systematic analysis of distribution characteristics of acid-soluble and acid-insoluble REE and other trace elements from the Luochuan loess deposits. The study shows that the acid-insoluble phase in loess and palaeosol is a stable component of old aeolian dusts and is characteristic of the provenance; the acid-soluble phase is the unstable component in the weathering pedogenic process and reflects rock-forming features after accumulation of aeolian dusts. The acid-insoluble REE and acid-soluble Sr and Pb can be used as geochemical indicators respectively to trace the provenance characteristics and the weathering pedogenic process. 相似文献
218.
Hazard mapping based on macroseismic data considering the influence of geological conditions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The object of this study is to consider directly the influence of regional geological conditions on the assessment of seismic hazard. It is assumed that macroseismic data at individual locations contain, in an average way, the influence of geological conditions.A Data Base referring to 199 historical (5) and instrumental (194, in the 1947–1993 period) events with macroseismic information in 1195 locations of Portugal was built. For any given seismic event, whenever macroseismic information was available at a location (town, village, etc.), an EMS-92 intensity value was estimated. To each one of those locations a geological unit, representing the most common type of soil, was assigned, based on the Geological Portuguese Map at a scale 1:500 000; the geological units were grouped into three categories: soft, intermediate and hard soils.The Data Base was used to determine the attenuation laws in terms of macroseismic intensity for the three different geological site conditions, using multiple linear regression analysis. The reasonability of the laws was tested by (i) checking residual distributions and (ii) comparing the map of isoseismals of important earthquakes with the isoseismals generated by the attenuation curves derived for each one of the three different soil classes, taking into consideration the soil class of each site. The main results of attenuation modeling are: high dispersion on macroseismic intensity data; all the models predict intensity values, for short hypocentral distances, lower than the ones observed; and for some important analyzed earthquakes and for the observed range of distances, the models confirm the expectancy that macroseismic intensity increases from hard to soft soil.The approach to obtain the hazard assessment at each location consisted in the use of the attenuation law specifically derived for the class of soil of that particular location. This method, which considers the influence of the regional geology, was illustrated with the mapping of hazard for the country for several return periods. Comparison with previous maps not taking into consideration the regional geological conditions emphasizes the importance of this new parameter. It can be concluded that (i) soil segmentation is clearly the cause for hazard increase in the region to the north of Lisbon, especially at sites with soft and intermediate soils as the ones in lower Tagus valley; the maximum increase on hazard is, in any case, less than one degree; (ii) when geological conditions are disregarded in the attenuation regression analysis, hazard pattern is similar to the one obtained for the case of hard soil everywhere. 相似文献
219.
黄铁矿表面及其与Au(HS)2^—溶液作用的STM研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文用STM研究了黄铁矿和方铅矿表面的原子结构、纳米级微形貌、电子态分布及其吸附态的特点。STM电流图象揭示了表面缺陷与表面电子态之间的对应关系,硫化和的表面的化学反应活性可能是表现缺陷引起的局域导电性增强有关。STM观察进一步表明黄铁矿和方铅矿对金的硫氢配合物的吸附作用优先发生于扭折位和台阶边缘等高能部位,反映出吸附态的分布也是与表面电子态分布相对应的。这样就从微观领域考证了硫化物表面对化学活性 相似文献
220.