A VIBRIO ANGUILLARUM STRAIN ASSOCIATED WITH SKIN ULCER ON CULTURED FLOUNDER, PARALICHTHYS OLIVACEUS

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＩｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｗａｓｆｏｃｕｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｎｅｅｄｔｏｓｔｕｄｙｔｈｅｂａｃｔｅｒｉｏｌｏｇｙｏｆｍａｒｉｎｅｆｉｓｈｉｎＣｈｉｎａ ,ｂｅｃａｕｓｅｏｆｂａｃｔｅｒｉａａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｉｏｎｗｉｔｈｈｉｇｈｍｏｒｔａｌｉｔｙｉｎｍａｒｉｎｅｆｉｓｈｃｕｌｔｕｒｅａｎｄｃｏｎｓｅｑｕｅｎｔｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃｌｏｓｓｔｏｆｉｓｈｆａｒｍｓ (Ｄｅｎｇｅｔａｌ.,1 996;Ｌｉｎｅｔａｌ.,1 999) .Ｖｉｂｒｉｏｇｅｎｕｓｂａｃｔｅｒｉａｈａｖｅｅｍｅｒｇｅｄａｓｔ…     

Ontogeny of the Lymphoid Organs of Japanese Flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus

Histological study on the ontogeny of the lymphoid organs, kidney, thymus and spleen of Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, from hatching to 40d was carried out. The pronephric kidney duct appeared early in hatching although the primordial haemopoietic stem cells wereobserved within a week after hatching. The spleen was first seen after 8d of hatching. The thymus appeared after 15d, situated near the pronephric kidney. Small lymphoid cells appeared during the later phase of the post-larval stage in the sequence of thymus, kidney and spleen. During the 40d of observations, there were no distinct inner or outer zones in thymus and no red or white pulp in spleen. These results suggest that the nonspecific defense immune system plays a very important role in the early larval stage of Japanese flounder.     

Genetic diversity in two Japanese flounder populations from China seas inferred using microsatellite markers and COI sequences

Japanese flounder is one of the most important commercial species in China; however, information on the genetic background of natural populations in China seas is scarce. The lack of genetic data has hampered fishery management and aquaculture development programs for this species. In the present study, we have analyzed the genetic diversity in natural populations of Japanese flounder sampled from the Yellow Sea (Qingdao population, QD) and East China Sea (Zhoushan population, ZS) using 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequencing data. A total of 68 different alleles were observed over 10 microsatellite loci. The total number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 9, and the number of genotypes per locus ranged from 3 to 45. The observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity in QD were 0.733 and 0.779, respectively, and in ZS the heterozygosity values were 0.708 and 0.783, respectively. Significant departures from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were observed in 7 of the 10 microsatellite loci in each of the two populations. The COI sequencing analysis revealed 25 polymorphic sites and 15 haplotypes in the two populations. The haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity in the QD population were 0.746±0.072 8 and 0.003 34±0.001 03 respectively, and in ZS population the genetic diversity values were 0.712±0.047 0 and 0.003 18±0.000 49, respectively. The microsatellite data (F_st =0.048 7, P<0.001) and mitochondrial DNA data (F_st =0.128, P<0.001) both revealed significant genetic differentiation between the two populations. The information on the genetic variation and differentiation in Japanese flounder obtained in this study could be used to set up suitable guidelines for the management and conservation of this species, as well as for managing artificial selection programs. In future studies, more geographically diverse stocks should be used to obtain a deeper understanding of the population structure of Japanese flounder in the China seas and adjacent regions.     

In vitro acute cytotoxicity of the neonicotinoid insecticide acetamiprid to FG cells, the gill cell line of flounder Paralichthy olivaceus

1 IntroductionAcetamiprid (( E)-N1-[( 6-chlor-3-pyridyl )methyl]-N2-cyano-N1-methylacetamidine), a cyano-substituted neonicotinoid compound ( Kagabu,1999), is a relatively newclass of insectide, exhibi-ting a broad insecticidal spectrum ( Matsunaka,2000; …     

牙鲆胸腺的组织学研究

牙鲆的胸腺位于鳃腔背面结缔组织膜上,紧贴着肾脏的头部,界限清晰,胸腺不向咽腔突出,胸腺上皮没有粘液细胞。牙鲆胸腺没有明显的外区和内区之分,胸腺细胞和巨噬细胞比较均匀地分布于整个组织中,未能观察到胸腺小体。在胸腺的细胞类型上,首次发现了大量的交错突细胞,常与淋巴细胞相伴,其特点是具有大量的”迷路样”膜结构。同时还发现,牙鲆胸腺可以不对称并存在快速退化现象,在3月龄时最易观察,而6月龄以上的牙鲆即退化消失。     

摄食转基因集胞藻牙鲆的安全性评价

评价转牙鲆生长因子基因集胞藻作为鱼类饲料添加剂的安全性。将摄食转基因集胞藻的牙鲆肌肉以10.0 g/kg.BW.d剂量给小鼠连续灌喂8周,对试验鼠的摄食量、体重、血液常规和血生化指标、脏体系数以及生殖机能进行了检测,对组织器官进行了病理学检查。研究结果显示,灌喂摄食转基因藻牙鲆的小鼠,其摄食量、体重、血液常规、血生化指标及脏体系数与对照小鼠无显著差异(P>0.05),其生殖机能和肝、肾等组织器官未受损害。表明转基因集胞藻作为牙鲆饲料添加剂不能通过食物链对食鱼生物造成不良影响,是安全无毒的。     

鱼类淋巴囊肿病毒靶器官的组织病理研究

探讨病毒传播途径,运用组织病理学技术,对患淋巴囊肿病毒病的牙鲆和鲈鱼的组织进行显微观察,并对病毒感染的靶器官进行了研究。结果表明,在牙鲆体表皮下结缔组织中,当大量成纤维细胞膨大、变圆,大小为10~18μm时,细胞膜外未出现囊壁,少数细胞的细胞质中观察到嗜碱性物质;18~20μm的膨大细胞在细胞膜外出现囊壁,细胞质内出现嗜碱性物质;>20μm的细胞具有了淋巴囊肿细胞的典型特征。另外,在牙鲆鳃、肠上皮下结缔组织和粘膜下层中,脾、头肾边缘组织和表面系膜、肝表面系膜,以及鲈鱼的鳃等部位均观察到淋巴囊肿细胞,并在牙鲆和鲈鱼脾内观察到膨大细胞。因此,淋巴囊肿病毒的靶器官主要是鱼体表皮下结缔组织,其次是鳃、体腔膜、肠、脾和头肾。鱼体表皮下结缔组织是淋巴囊肿病毒病的检测、检疫和早期诊断的最佳样品。     

二、三倍体牙鲆肌肉和脑组织实时定量PCR内参基因的筛选及鉴定

多倍体诱导会造成物种中不同基因的表达水平变化不同,以内参基因作为对照的相对实时定量PCR是检测基因表达水平变化的一种高效方法,这就需要对多倍体中的内参基因进行筛选以获得较适宜的参比基因.本研究以二倍体和三倍体牙鲆肌肉和脑组织为对象,以绝对定量及2-ΔCt等方法分析管家基因18S rRNA、β-肌动蛋白基因(β-acti...     

石鲽(Kareius bicoloratus L.)源杀鲑气单胞菌杀鲽亚种生物学性状的研究

采用分类方法，对从两起石鲽(Kareius bicoloratus L．)细菌性败血感染症病例的病(死)鱼中分离到的相应病原菌，进行形态特征、培养特征、自凝性、色素产生情况及生理生化特性等较系统的表观分类学指征鉴定及代表菌株DNA中(G C)％的测定等研究。结果表明，分离菌为杀鲑气单胞菌的新亚种(subsp．nov．)并定名为杀鲑气单胞菌杀鲽亚种(Aeromonas salmonicida subsp．flounderacida subsp．nov．)。经血清型检定，表明60株菌均为同种血清型。选择代表菌株做对健康石鲽、牙鲆、鲤、鲫及泥鳅的人工感染试验，表明了相应的原发病原学意义及较强的致病作用。药敏试验结果表明，对供试37种抗菌药物中的青霉素G等6种耐药，对头孢噻肟等25种高敏，对多黏菌素B、利福平2种敏感，对头孢唑啉等4种在株间存在一定敏感性差异。该研究结果能较全面地反映出该菌的主要生物学性状。