Octoradiate Spiral Organisms in the Ediacaran of South China

Shales of the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation of South China contain a new disc-shaped macrofossil, Eoandromeda octobrachiata, characterized by eight spiral arms that were probably housed within an outer membrane. Although the presence of eight radiating structures entails a resemblance to cnidarian octocorals as well as to ctenophores, direct homologies with these extant groups are unlikely. Instead we bring attention to the helicospiral morphology of newly reported embryos from the Doushantuo Formation, suggesting that the long-sought adults of the Ediacaran embryonic metazoans have finally been found.     

雅鲁藏布江大拐弯入口段泥石流特征及应对措施

雅鲁藏布江大拐弯入口段活动的地质构造、特殊的地形与气候条件酿就了暴雨泥石流及冰川泥石流等地质灾害。近60a来,则隆弄冰川泥石流曾两度摧毁直白村;鲁霞-德阳段暴雨泥石流的洪积扇已经深入雅鲁藏布江中,该段河道处于半阻塞状态。两处地点的泥石流对上下游村庄、城镇及设施带来严重威胁。依据地貌调查及室内DEM定量分析,了解泥石流地质灾害的空间分布特征及其成因,对前人认为则隆弄冰川泥石流堰塞雅鲁藏布江造成上游回水成湖淹没米林、林芝等地的观点提出了新的看法;米林、林芝古淹没事件可能是对多地点泥石流爆发的响应。对米林—加拉一线不同地点不同类型的泥石流灾害可能造成的不良环境效应进行评估后提出几点应对措施。     

A Numerical Study of Mesoscale-Topography Influence on the Heavy Rainband of Typhoon Hato (2017)

During the movement of Typhoon Hato (2017) over land, heavy rainfall occurred when the spiral rainband which was about 100 km distance away from the center of the typhoon passed the Dayao Mountain (with an elevation of 1.2 km). In this study, the structures and forming mechanism of the heavy rainband along the mountain range are investigated by using high-resolution model simulations. The results show the importance of topography in causing the heavy rainband. Upslope of the steep terrain lifts the cyclonic flow to produce strong upward motion when the rainband passes across with high wind speed. At the same time, the warm and humid air is lifted to the steep slope, causing unstable energy to accumulate over the windward slope, which is conducive to the occurrence of rainfall. In particular, the convective cells generated upstream of rainband will further strengthen and develop due to the uplift when they move close to the mountain foot. Some precipitation particles in the convective cells fall to the ground while others move downstream with the intense updrafts, forming heavy rainfall near the summit. As a result, the largest accumulative rainfall coincides well with the orientation of the mountain ridge.     

长螺旋CFG桩施工中的几个技术问题

为避免长螺旋CFG桩施工中产生质量问题,施工中应注意在桩位控制、桩基施工、混凝土质量、冬季施工措施、褥垫层设置、成桩后防护等方面引起重视,针对以上几个技术问题进行了经验总结和探讨。     

节能型变频器在长螺旋旋喷搅拌桩止水帷幕中的应用

长螺旋旋喷搅拌桩技术是一种新型的止水帷幕技术,采用改装的长螺旋钻机在机械搅拌土体的同时进行高压喷射水泥浆形成桩体。由于长螺旋钻机钻杆转速较慢,但提升速度较快,使高压水泥浆不能充分切割土体,使桩体均匀性差,强度低,止水效果不好,而在长螺旋钻机中使用变频器后可人为改变钻杆升降速度,使旋喷搅拌更充分,桩体更完整,止水效果更好。同时也省去了繁琐的动滑轮系统,使得装置更简便。发电机功率变小,钻机电流变小,达到了节能的目的。     

2011年6月18日常州大暴雨成因分析

利用常规观测资料和NCEP再分析资料对2011年6月18日常州大暴雨过程从中尺度分析,物理量场诊断和雷达回波等进行了成因分析,结果表明:(1)中低层切变线、梅雨锋是本次暴雨过程产生的重要影响系统。(2)地面中尺度辐合线是造成常州、金坛出现强降水的主要原因之一,而中尺度辐合线和中尺度气旋的共同作用则是溧阳出现强降水的重要因素。(3)此次暴雨过程中,常州地区位于高能区,层结不稳定。强降水发生时,水汽明显加强,边界层的抬升运动也明显增强,存在较强的垂直上升运动。(4)西南急流为本地输送充沛的水汽和大量的不稳定能量,东北急流提供冷空气,促使冷暖气流强烈交汇,从而导致了暴雨的发生。(5)中γ尺度和中β尺度系统长时间维持,有利于连续强降水的产生。     

大参数小半径非完整缓和曲线的计算

本文分析了级数形式缓和曲线切线支距坐标公式与计算偏角的相互关系,当计算偏角大于90°应使用积分公式计算缓和曲线切线支距坐标,并推导了含任意非完整缓和曲线的路线交点曲线要素公式。