Structure of the satellitary accretion disk of Saturn

A detailed computation on the equilibrium structure of an accretion disk around Saturn from which the regular satellites presumably originated is reported. Such a disk is the predecessor of the self-dissipating disk that is formed when the mass infall stops (Cassen and Moosman, 1981, Icarus48, 353–376). When determining the disk structure local energy balance was assumed. Convention was taken into account by introducing local energy dissipation and, in an approximate manner, sonic convection. Changes in the disk structure were investigated by varying the free parameters, i.e., the external flux from both the protosun and the protoplanet, the abundance of dust and the strength of turbulence. It has been verified that the external energy flux does not play an important role in the evolution of the disk structure. Models characterized by either longer times (?3 10³ year) or a noticeable depletion of condensable elements (10^?2 times less than the solar value) have a total mass of the order of 0.34?0.1 times the mass of the regular satellites increased by the mass of the light elements. Low turbulence models (Reynolds critical number $\text{Re}{}^1\text{= 150}$) are characterized approximately by a total mass twice as large the mass of the regular satellites. All the studied models present a temperature distribution that allows the condensation of iron, silicate, and, in the outer regions, ice grains. All models but the one with 10^?2 of the solar value of condensable elements are characterized by a wide convective region that contains the formation zone of the regular satellites.     

磁层-电离层电动耦合的中纬电离层效应

本文通过对1982年磁扰期间琼中、北京两站地磁X分量变化的分析,证实了磁层-电离层电动耦合对中纬电离层电流的影响.分析发现:磁静、磁扰条件下的平均日变化中,两站X分量变化在白天有反向的趋势.这表明它们分处于与动力效应对应的电离层发电机电流圈中心之南北两侧.在磁暴主相期间,X分量变化形态与之明显不同,两站地磁南北分量有同向变化,且变幅相近,甚至有时北京站△X更大.对环电流能量增长指数R小于-25nT/h的21次事件所作的时序叠加分析（以R最负时为零时）进一步证明,这种同向变化是普遍存在的.两站零时之△X大小相近,相关系数高达0.98.该同向变化与R指数突然变负密切相关. 以上对比表明,与发电机电流造成两站X分量反向变化不同,同向变化是磁层源高纬扰动电流向中低纬直接穿透的结果.本文对动力和电动耦合两种过程的不同进行了初步讨论.     

论Eppley PIR精密红外辐射仪的测量精度

本文依据红外辐射表(PIR)的结构、性能和工作原理讨论了测量精度及有关影响因素,比较了粗测和精测两种方法的特点,在此基础上提出了各测量方法的适用范围和精度范围以及提高测量精度的措施,同时也给出了一些特定场合下的测量实例及提高测量精度的具体方法。分析表明:精测方法具有很好的测量精度以及很强的环境适应性。粗测在限定的温度范围内具有测量简单、换算方便、易于实现自动化等优点,精度尚能满足一般要求,但在限定的温度范围以外,测量精度急剧恶化。在影响测量精度的各因素中以温度响应中表体热辐射测量的影响最大,在粗测方法中表内电池的性能与测量精度关系重大。强烈日射对测量精度有一定影响,经订正后可基本消除。     

Using numerical modelling to evaluate tsunami hazard near the Kuril Island

A sequence of computer experiments is used to study questions concerning the tsunami problem as a quantitative estimate of tsunami danger, detailed geographical tsunami classification, determination of the parameters of critical tsunami waves, and the conditions of their development. We call a wave critical, if its impact on the coast is most hazardous.Using the Middle Kuril Island as an example, we present the results of a computer experiment which includes determining the wavefields on the shelf and estimating the effects connected with the deep-water Bussol and Diana Straits.Numerical simulation of tsunami waves of different sources permits the assessment of the extent of tsunami danger in different areas of the coastal zone of Simushir Island, depending on the location of the focus zone and their geometry.The major singularities of the wavefield arise in the zones of the deep-water straits. The distribution of the amplification factors is determined by both the global parameters of the wavefields and the local properties of individual harbours. The results obtained for a particular harbour in the northern part of Simushir Island, formed the basis for the quantitative estimate of tsunami danger for this area.     

内蒙古正镶白旗碎斑熔岩岩石学特征及其岩相划分

白旗碎斑熔岩为不规则穹状体,可分为边缘玻质碎斑熔岩、过渡霏细碎斑熔岩、中心粒状碎斑熔岩和根部花岗斑岩四个岩性带。从玻质碎斑熔岩到粒状碎斑熔岩,斑晶碎裂度逐渐减弱,珠边结构在粒状碎斑熔岩中最发育,根部花岗斑岩与正常次火山岩相近。碎斑熔岩中钾长石有序度低,指示了岩石高温成因特征。白旌碎斑熔岩属太平洋岩系钙碱质系列,原始岩浆由来源于上地幔和下地壳熔体的混熔作用形成。     

南极长城站地区现代环境地球化学特征

本文通过环境背景值、风化壳地球化学、对流层(大气气溶胶)地球化学和人为地球化学异常,初步探讨了南极长城站地区的现代环境地球化学特征。分析表明:环境要素固有的地球化学性质、区域环境条件和自然环境演变之间具有深刻的内在联系。     

Enhancement of radon signals in geophysical studies with the track technique

The existence of a suspected geological fault has been confirmed using Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors (SSNTDs) by measuring radon concentration variations in the upper soil above its inferred position. The results obtained prompted us to increase the natural radon signal in the soil, using an additional radon source; this enhancement technique, has been experimentally checked with SSNTD detectors.On leave from Faculté des Sciences, Laboratoire des D.S.T.N. Université de Dakar, Dakar-Fann, Sénégal     

漳州热田的对流热流和传导热流的研究

漳州地热系统属对流型地热系统.漳州热田是我国东南沿海地区目前所见热田中温度最高（121.5℃）的一个.地表热流值的研究表明,热田中心具有最大的实测热流值（359mw/m²）.本文根据热田内152个钻孔的测温资料和56块岩石样品的热导率数据,采用三种不同方法计算出漳州热田及其邻近地区的大地热流值,并讨论了热流值分布的特点.     

中国三个大地震的震源参数及讨论

大地震的震源机制及地震矩、应力降等参数,不(又对认识地震的破裂过程,而且对预报强地面运动都是非常重要的。一些文章对板内地震应力降的特点、地震矩与高频源谱的关系及区域特征的讨论,使我们可直接由长周期体波或面波得出的地震矩M₀估计出不同地区中大地震的高频源谱,以供强地面运动预报参考。 由于对发生在中国板内的1976年11月6日盐源地震（M_s=6.5）和1976年11月15日宁河地震（M_s=6.3）的震源参数还没有详尽的报道;另外,对1973年7月14日