黄骅坳陷孔南地区孔店组孔二段物源区分析

本文以黄骅坳陷孔南地区孔店组孔二段为研究对象,根据砂岩骨架成分、重矿物特征、砂体分布体系和地震剖面等资料,对区内孔二段的物源区及其母岩性质、物源方向进行了系统研究。结果表明,孔南地区孔二段沉积物主要来自盆地东部和西部,东部物源区为徐黑凸起和埕宁隆起,西部物源区为沧县隆起。     

大兴安岭南段兴-蒙草原区二叠纪砂岩物源分析

对大兴安岭南部兴-蒙草原区二叠纪砂岩的统计研究表明,本区二叠纪砂岩主要为长石岩屑砂岩,大量非成熟组分为该区二叠纪砂岩的形成提供了物源。主量、微量和稀土元素特征指示,二叠纪砂岩物源区的构造背景主要为大陆岛弧环境,砂岩碎屑来自上地壳长英质源区。二叠纪砂岩的时代由老到新表现出由再旋回造山带向切割岩浆弧源区过渡的特征。结合沉积学特征,反映中、晚二叠世构造背景由活动陆缘逐渐趋于稳定,该时期记录了中亚造山带东段最终闭合的过程。     

东昆仑南缘布青山构造混杂岩带的地质特征 及大地构造意义

在1∶50000地质填图的基础上,运用详细的野外剖面测制、岩石组合分析、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素定年等研究手段,将东昆仑南缘布青山构造混杂岩划分为基质和构造混杂岩块。构造混杂岩块包括变质基底岩块、洋壳型岩块和岛弧型岩块。其中,洋壳型混杂岩块又细分为早古生代蛇绿岩(516.4Ma±6.3Ma)、晚古生代蛇绿岩(332.8Ma±3.1Ma)和海山/洋岛玄武岩;岛弧型混杂岩块细分为加里东期中酸性侵入岩岩块(441.1Ma±6.3Ma)和火山熔岩岩块。建立了东昆仑南缘布青山构造混杂岩带2套典型的古洋盆扩张、俯冲消减的物质组合,分别代表东原特提斯洋和东古特提斯洋的形成与演化,从而为研究东特提斯洋演化的进程提供了新证据。     

吉林南部地区老岭群变质作用特征研究

吉林南部地区老岭群变质矿物较为发育,本文通过对其中发育的变质矿物进行详细鉴定和大量探针分析,将老岭群下亚群主要变质矿物划分为两个世代,分别代表两期变质作用M1和M2.结合研究区老岭群变质矿物组合、分布特征以及变质相带的研究,认为M1为中-低温区域动力热流变质作用,可以划分为低绿片岩相和高绿片岩相,而M2为局部热变质作用...     

Picoplankton composition related to thermohaline circulation: The Albanian boundary zone (southern Adriatic) in late spring

Picoplankton distribution at the boundary zone of the southern Adriatic in May 2009 on a 75 km long shelf-continental slope transect was assessed by combining epifluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry and high-performance liquid chromatography data with hydrographic observations. The picoplankton distribution was greatly influenced by the hydrographic conditions prevailing in the southern Adriatic because of the influence of the Levantine Intermediate Water (LIW) and East Adriatic Current (EAC) forcing. Heterotrophic bacteria numerically dominated the picoplankton community through the entire transect with no significant accumulation. By contrast, picophytoplankton accumulated in the 50–75 m layer, forming a pronounced deep chlorophyll maximum. Synechococcus dominated the photosynthetic picoplankton, whereas picoeukaryotes were the least abundant. The intrusion of warm LIW observed in the layer between 100 and 350 m was followed by Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus peaks (10 × 10³ cells mL⁻¹ and 90 × 10³ cells mL⁻¹, respectively), as well as by the appearance of two Synechococcus ecotypes. Most picoeukaryotes were observed at the offshore stations, where geostrophic current calculation revealed the strongest EAC influence. A strong EAC spread over the central and eastern basin created a barrier for Prochlorococcus, whereas the picoeukaryote maxima coincided with the core of the EAC, suggesting its persistence to hydrological instabilities.     

Long‐term trend of precipitation in China and its association with the El Niño–southern oscillation

The plausible long‐term trend of precipitation in China and its association with El Niño–southern oscillation (ENSO) are investigated by using non‐parametric techniques. It is concluded that a greater number of decreasing trends are observed than are expected to occur by chance. Geographically, the decreasing trend was concentrated in most parts of China, including the Songliao River, Hai River, Huai River, Yellow River, Zhujiang River, and southern part of the Yangtze River basins, whereas an increasing trend appeared primarily in the western and middle parts of China, mainly including the Inland River basin, and the northern part of the Yangtze River basins. Monthly mean precipitation for the summer and early autumn months generally decreased, with the greatest decrease occurring in August. The precipitation in spring from January to April and later autumn, including September and October, tended to increase. The teleconnection between precipitation and ENSO has been investigated by using the non‐parametric Kendall's τ. The correlation coefficients between the southern oscillation index (SOI) and precipitation show the areas with positive or negative associations. Approximately 20% of the stations exhibit statistically significant correlations between SOI and precipitation, of which 70% show a negative correlation, with most of them appearing in southeast China and several appearing in northwest and northeast China. Similar regional patterns are also observed when the precipitation records are further subdivided into El Niño, La Niña, and neutral periods. Statistical tests for the three kinds of time series were carried out using the non‐parametric Wilcoxon rank‐sum test, and it is noted that the stations with significant differences in precipitation averages are mainly marked in the Yellow River basin and south China. The frequencies of below‐ and above‐average precipitation that occurred during the El Niño, La Niña, and neutral periods are estimated as well. The result shows that greater precipitation may be associated with El Niño episodes in south China, but drought may easily occur during El Niño episodes in the Yellow River basin. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Long‐term trend analysis for precipitation in Asian Pacific FRIEND river basins

In order to analyse the long‐term trend of precipitation in the Asian Pacific FRIEND region, records from 30 river basins to represent the large range of climatic and hydrological characteristics in the study area are selected. The long‐term trend in precipitation time series and its association with the southern oscillation index (SOI) series are investigated. Application of the nonparametric Mann–Kendall test for 30 precipitation time series has shown that only four of these 30 time series have a long‐term trend at the 5% level of significance. Nevertheless, most of the records tend to decrease over the last several decades. The dataset is further divided geographically into northern, middle, and southern zones, with 20°N and 20°S latitude as the dividing lines. The middle zone has the greatest variation and the southern zone the least variation over the past century. Also, the southern zone has greater variation during the past 30 years. The association between precipitation and SOI is investigated by dividing the precipitation records of each station into El Niño, La Niña, and neutral periods. The Wilcoxon rank‐sum test showed that differences in precipitation for the three classes were most marked in the southern zone of the study area. The frequencies of below‐ and above‐average precipitation for El Niño, La Niña, and neutral periods are estimated for the 30 precipitation time series as well. The results show that the frequencies of precipitation under each set of conditions, with lower precipitation generally associated with El Niño periods in the southern zone. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

共生于同一金刚石中的超镁铁岩与榴辉岩矿物包裹体

辽南５０号金伯利岩管金刚石的包裹体类型一直被认为是以超镁铁岩组合为主。最近，在同一岩管中发现一颗金刚石中有两种组合类型矿物共生：橄榄石，为超镁铁岩型；石榴石，绿辉石，为榴辉岩型组合。化学成分分析还表明，同一矿物的不同颗粒化学成分没有明显变化。根据石榴石与绿辉石的共生组合关系，钙、镁和铁之间的交换，计算其平衡温度为１２０３℃，压力为５×１０￣９Ｐａ。超镁铁岩与榴辉岩包裹体共生，表明该金刚石成生环境的复杂性。很可能是地幔动力学过程或者是幔源岩浆多期多相导致金刚石成生环境的迅速变化。     

Qualitative thermobarometry of inverted metamorphism in the Pelona and Rand Schists, southern California, using calciferous amphibole in mafic schist

Abstract The Rand and Pelona Schists consist of eugeoclinal rock types overlain by continental basement along the Vincent-Chocolate Mountains (VCM) faults. Both schists display inverted metamorphic zonation, defined in part by a systematic variation in composition of calcic to sodic-calcic amphibole in mafic schist structurally upward. The compositional progressions include increase of total A1, A1^IV and Ti, but decrease in the ratios of Na/(Na + Ca) to A1/(A1 + Si), and Na^M4 to (A1^VI+ Fe³⁺+ Ti). These variations imply that structurally high rocks belong to a lower-pressure metamorphic fades series than those at depth. This result is consistent with previous views that the inverted metamorphic zonations represent intact structural sequences.
Amphibole composition is dependent not only on structural position (i.e. P-T ), but also upon bulk-rock composition. The important controls are whole-rock Mg/(Mg + Fe²⁺+ Mn) and Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺. The greatest impact of these factors, however, is on the absolute values of Na and Al, rather than their ratio. Thus, interpretation of facies series is not seriously hindered by compositional variability.
Sodic amphibole in epidote blueschists from the Rand Schist is extensively replaced by sodic-calcic amphibole. Sodic-calcic amphibole in the Rand Schist and Pelona Schist is, itself, rimmed by actinolitic amphibole. Similar blueschist to greenschist transitions in other metamorphic terranes are typically attributed to exhumation. In the Rand and Pelona Schists, the sequence probably formed during burial.     

借用规模与集聚阴影视角下中国小城镇服务功能评估——以苏南地区为例

当前地理学领域对镇域尺度的小城镇服务功能的研究存在不足。为弥补这一缺失,论文基于借用规模与集聚阴影的视角,对小城镇的服务功能开展定量评估,从高德地图开放API平台采集POI数据,选取与服务功能相关的14类行业,利用核密度法、层次分析法、多元线性回归模型对邻近上海的苏南地区小城镇的服务功能进行评价。研究发现：① 靠近上海的小城镇服务设施核密度值总体较高。高密度区及次一级的密集区主要集中在各市的主城区、各区(县级市)及周边地区,并沿高速、国道和铁路等交通干线分布,呈现出明显的“点—轴”式空间结构,远离中心城区(镇)的小城镇除少部分人口较少的小城镇外,发展相对均衡。不同类型的服务行业空间分布特征存在差异,但差异不大。② 靠近上海的小城镇服务功能指数总体较高,主要集中在100 km缓冲区内,从150 km至200 km缓冲区服务功能指数依次递减。③ 上海对苏南地区小城镇服务功能指数有显著影响,100 km缓冲区内影响最为显著,苏南地区小城镇服务功能对上海的借用规模与集聚阴影过程并存。