广西某难选冶银矿提银工艺研究

高砷高硫银矿有害杂质含量高 ,矿物成份复杂 ,直接氰化浸出率不到 2 0 %,属难选冶银矿。采用固化焙烧—氰化提银工艺 ,银浸出率可达 95 %以上。焙烧产生的As2 O3 、SO2 能以其盐的形式固定于焙砂中 ,不造成环境污染。     

A protocol for preparing subfossil chironomid head capsules (Diptera: Chironomidae) for stable isotope analysis in paleoclimate reconstruction and considerations of contamination sources

Several techniques are available to examine the isotopic composition of historic lake waters, providing data that can subsequently be used to examine environmental changes. A recently-developed technique is the stable oxygen isotope analysis of subfossil chironomid (Diptera: Chironomidae) head capsules (mostly chitin) preserved in lake sediments. This technique involves a high Temperature Conversion Elemental Analyzer (TC/EA), which has been a relatively recent addition to the suite of online peripherals for analyzing the stable isotopic composition of organic samples. The highly precise and accurate ¹⁸O/¹⁶O and D/H measurements obtainable using the TC/EA with samples in the microgram range make this instrumentation suitable for studying geochemical and biological processes. Preparation of organic samples for isotopic analysis typically requires first weighing each sample into silver/tin capsules. These capsules can introduce oxygen and hydrogen contamination (a “blank effect”), which is especially problematic for analysis of small organic samples (e.g. less than 100 μg). Here we tested tin and silver capsules from two manufacturers and a range of sizes to assess contamination to small organic samples on the TC/EA. We also assessed how a method for cleaning silver capsules affected our analysis of commercial chitin. In general, capsules made of silver have less detectible oxygen than those made of tin, and capsules from the two manufacturers varied in their detectible oxygen. There was no detectable H contamination from silver capsules. In addition to our empirical findings, we present a model demonstrating the influence that contaminant oxygen can have on the δ¹⁸O of small organic samples. Sample mass becomes an important issue for such analyses. In light of our findings, we recommend a minimum sample mass ≥50 μg (approximately 120 whole chironomid head capsules) on a TC/EA-IRMS (Delta^plus XP system). Finally, we present a detailed protocol for preparing and transferring chironomid head capsules into silver capsules that minimizes the influence of contaminant oxygen. This protocol provides the paleo-community with another potential method for reconstructing paleoenvironments.     

中国层控银矿床主要地质特征及分类

矿体含银量>100g/t,其它有益组分不及工业品位,称之为单一型银矿床;矿体含银量>80g/t,其它有益组分达到工业品位,称之为共生组合型银矿床。中国银矿床明显受地层层位控制,其主要赋矿地层有:元古界高于庄组、三岔子组、大石桥组、银洞沟组、歪头山组;古生界为泥盆系。其次为寒武—奥陶系和石炭—二叠系;中生—新生界。赋矿岩石建造主要有5种类型:1.碳酸盐岩;2.中酸性火山熔岩或次火山岩;3.含火山物质的沉积岩;4.沉积碎屑岩;5.变质岩。中国银矿床的形成具长期性和多期次性的特点,其主要表现在岩浆活动、区域变质和构造变动等的改造作用。银矿床的分布基本与活动带的分布区相一致。中国层控银矿床共分四大类和二个亚类。     

世界毒品生产的地理分布及其空间扩散

本文首先阐述了毒品的内涵，揭示了毒品的非法生产和非法贸易给人类社会带来的严重恶果，探讨了世界毒品生产的地理分布及其新动向。着重分析了世界三大毒品生产区域“金三角”，“金新月”和“银三角”的毒品生产现状，以此基础上，描述了世界毒品的空间扩散。最后指出，由于多种原因，世界禁毒任重而道远。     

锰银精矿及粗银粉中银的容量法快速测定

对某地锰银精矿及冶炼半成品——粗银粉,采用湿法溶样后,直接采用硫氰酸钾容量法测定Ag,对w(Ag)为0．22％～70．96％的样品,测定结果与原子吸收法以及火试金容量法结果相符。     

青海东昆仑莫河下拉银多金属矿区晚泥盆世花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb年代学及地球化学特征

莫河下拉银多金属矿床是青海省东昆仑成矿带上近些年新发现的矿床。笔者对矿区平硐口花岗斑岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U--Pb测年和岩石地球化学特征研究,以期揭示岩体的成岩时代、岩浆源区和形成的构造背景。锆石测年结果显示岩体形成于古生代晚泥盆世(371.6±2.9Ma)。元素地球化学特征表现为高硅、高碱、富铁铝、相对富钾和贫钙镁的特征;微量元素表现为明显富集Rb、Th、La、Ce、Nd、Zr、Sm和Gd等元素,强烈亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti等元素、相对亏损Nb和Ta的特征;稀土元素表现为轻稀土元素(LREE)明显富集和Eu的强烈负异常。综合研究认为,矿区平硐口花岗斑岩的成因类型为A2型花岗岩,形成物质来源主要为部分熔融的长英质地壳,形成的大地构造背景为晚泥盆世万宝沟大洋玄武岩高原和苦海古陆拼贴到柴达木地块南缘后的后碰撞伸展环境。