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iGMAS全球电离层TEC格网产品精度分析

为了分析与评估国际GNSS监测评估系统(iGMAS)全球电离层TEC格网产品精度,该文基于iGMAS及IGS各电离层分析中心发布的全球电离层TEC格网产品,进行了精度比较分析,结果表明:iGMAS与IGS、CODE、JPL、ESOC、UPC等IGS电离层工作组发布的全球电离层TEC格网产品,在全球、不同纬度带和欧洲等不同区域均表现出较高的一致性和强相关性,互差为0~2.0 TECU;JPL分析中心GIM的内符合精度约为2.5 TECU,iGMAS、IGS、CODE、ESOC和UPC等分析中心GIM的内符合精度均小于1.5 TECU;在2~8 TECU的精度范围内,iGMAS全球电离层TEC格网产品的精度总体与IGS、CODE、JPL、ESOC、UPC等IGS电离层工作组的精度相当。     

Volume estimation of small scale debris flows based on observations of topographic changes using airborne LiDAR DEMs

This paper describes a geographic information system(GIS)-based method for observing changes in topography caused by the initiation, transport, and deposition of debris flows using highresolution light detection and ranging(LiDAR) digital elevation models(DEMs) obtained before and after the debris flow events. The paper also describes a method for estimating the volume of debris flows using the differences between the LiDAR DEMs. The relative and absolute positioning accuracies of the LiDAR DEMs were evaluated using a real-time precise global navigation satellite system(GNSS) positioning method. In addition, longitudinal and cross-sectional profiles of the study area were constructed to determine the topographic changes caused by the debris flows. The volume of the debris flows was estimated based on the difference between the LiDAR DEMs. The accuracies of the relative and absolute positioning of the two LiDAR DEMs were determined to be ±10 cm and ±11 cm RMSE, respectively, which demonstrates the efficiency of the method for determining topographic changes at an scale equivalent to that of field investigations. Based on the topographic changes, the volume of the debris flows in the study area was estimated to be 3747 m3, which is comparable with the volume estimated based on the data from field investigations.     

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????????????????GNSS??????????????о???????????1???????????????????仯?????????????仯????????仯???????仯?й??2???????????????????????????????????????????????仯????????С??3?????3.5 m????????????????????????????????????????     

电离层闪烁对GNSS接收机性能影响比较分析

电离层闪烁是引起GNSS接收机性能降低甚至失锁的重要环境干扰因素。利用实测数据,比较分析了不同电离层闪烁活动强度下,不同GNSS系统（BD和GPS）接收机的定位性能。结果表明：电离层闪烁较弱时（S4〈0．3）,两种接收机均可以实现基本的定位功能;电离层闪烁较强（S4〉0.7）,且持续时间较长时,不同GNSS接收机将出现定位结果的抖动、跳变或失去定位能力;GNSS接收机应对电离层闪烁影响的能力与接收机设计相关。研究结果可作为抗闪烁接收机开发或闪烁影响分级的参考。     

基于精选基准消秩亏的GNSS参考网数据处理方法

全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）参考网多用于估计卫星轨道/钟差、监测地表形变和速度场、确定精密地球自转参数等方面。相关数据处理模式包括：双差基线解（DD）和非差精密单点定位（PPP）等。本文首先从GNSS基本观测方程出发,通过选取两组基准参数,导出了上述两模式下的列满秩观测方程,然后分析了它们的不足,例如：相位偏差在DD模式中吸收了钟差,丧失了时不变特性;模糊度在PPP模式中吸收了相位偏差,失去了整数性。基于上述分析,本文提出了一种新的参考网数据处理方案,以充分融合DD和PPP模式的优势。它的关键策略是精选基准参数,以达到消秩亏的目的,具体优点体现在：相位偏差独立可估,若合理约束为时不变参数,可充分减少参数个数,提高网解精度;待估模糊度具备整周特性,经由模糊度固定,可改善网解可靠性。     

GNSS与三角高程在公路跨河中的应用分析

主要研究利用GNSS无约束平差控制网数据和三角高程进行跨河高程测量,结合电子水准仪运用常规水准测量的方法测得高差,通过对比三种跨河水准测量,分析GNSS跨河高程测量与三角高程测量数据精度,从而依实际工作环境选择最优的跨河方式。     

GNSS RTK技术在农村集体土地所有权调查中的运用与精度分析

在农村集体土地所有权调查中,针对不同类型界址点,采取不同方式进行GNSS RTK实地测量,并通过不同型号的GNSS RTK接收机进行坐标检测,探讨在郊区农村地区GNSS RTK碎步点测量精度及误差。     

基于再分析资料ERA5的对流层延迟估计方法及精度评估

提出基于再分析资料ERA5的天顶对流层延迟计算方法,使用中国大陆构造环境监测网络提供的26个GNSS测站2017年全年数据,评估由该方法计算的天顶对流层延迟的精度,并与前一代再分析资料ERA-Interim的计算结果进行对比分析。结果显示,ERA5计算的天顶对流层延迟均方根误差比ERA-Interim计算结果低,表明新一代产品的精度有明显提升。