运河船闸大修期变形监测

分析了运河船闸检修期变形监测的必要性和紧迫性,研究了船闸变形监测控制网与监测点的布设方法,并讨论了监测周期和精度的确定方法。工程应用表明,该种监测方法有效可靠,对类似工程具有一定的借鉴意义。     

基于北斗卫星的海洋测量数据传输系统

针对目前我国海洋测量船上测量数据无法实时传输的现状,采用我国自主研发的北斗卫星导航系统为无线信道单元,结合数据压缩及长报文通信协议等技术,设计了基于北斗卫星的海洋测量数据传输系统,解决了海洋测量船上测量数据实时传输的问题。     

瘫船稳性第二层薄弱性衡准研究

基于IMO第二代完整稳性草案中瘫船稳性第二层薄弱性衡准的有关研究,分析草案提出的简化计算方法,采用一个单自由度船舶横摇运动微分方程,利用例船CEHIPAR2792数据,编译相应程序,求得不规则横风横浪作用下瘫船横摇运动相应特征,进而计算特定海况下的倾覆概率及特定海区的平均倾覆指数,并与草案值进行对比。分析不同拟合扶正力臂曲线方法和剩余稳性高对计算结果的影响,并对瘫船稳性第二层薄弱性衡准方法进行修改。     

System Identification Modeling of Ship Manoeuvring Motion in 4 Degrees of Freedom Based on Support Vector Machines

Based on support vector machines, three modeling methods, i.e., white-box modeling, grey-box modeling and black-box modeling of ship manoeuvring motion in 4 degrees of freedom are investigated. With the whole-ship mathematical model for ship manoeuvring motion, in which the hydrodynamic coefficients are obtained from roll planar motion mechanism test, some zigzag tests and turning circle manoeuvres are simulated. In the white-box modeling and grey-box modeling, the training data taken every 5 s from the simulated 20°/20° zigzag test are used, while in the black-box modeling, the training data taken every 5 s from the simulated 15°/15°, 20°/20° zigzag tests and 15°, 25° turning manoeuvres are used; and the trained support vector machines are used to predict the whole 20°/20° zigzag test. Comparisons between the simulated and predicted 20?/20° zigzag tests show good predictive ability of the proposed methods. Besides, all mathematical models obtained by the proposed modeling methods are used to predict the 10°/10° zigzag test and 35° turning circle manoeuvre, and the predicted results are compared with those of simulation tests to demonstrate the good generalization performance of the mathematical models. Finally, the proposed modeling methods are analyzed and compared with each other in aspects of application conditions, prediction accuracy and computation speed. The appropriate modeling method can be chosen according to the intended use of the mathematical models and the available data needed for system identification.     

基于北斗卫星的船舶动态监控系统的设计与实现

我国是海洋渔业大国,为了有效保护渔业资源和渔民生命财产安全,需建立渔船动态监管信息系统。我国自主研发的北斗卫星导航系统集定位、导航和双向短报文通信为一体,特别适用于我国海洋渔业安全监管领域。本文描述了基于北斗卫星的船舶动态监控系统的设计,并详细介绍了该系统的主要功能。目前,该系统已在全国各地投入使用,大大提高了渔业生产和渔船安全救助能力。     

Evaluation of Hydrodynamic Coefficients of Ships Oscillating in A Numerical Wave Tank

A technique for the evaluation of the hydrodynamic coefficients of ships is outlined for ship oscillating in a numerical wave tank, which is established on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) theories. The numerical simulation of ship sections and bodies forced oscillating in the tank are carried out. The added mass and damping coefficients are obtained by the decomposition of the computational results, which agree well with the corresponding ones of potential theories.     

防火隔热材料在海洋船舶上的应用研究

研制耐火度高且无毒的防火隔热材料,增强船舶结构的防火能力.对于确保船舶的安全运营具有重要意义.文中深入分析了国内船舶防火隔热材料的性能、优缺点及其应用情况.介绍了国外绿色船用材料的研究现状和性能,对船用防火隔热材料的研发具有一定的参考价值和指导意义.     

船体结构腐蚀检测规划的成本及效益分析

建立了基于风险的船体结构腐蚀优化检测规划的成本-效益分析模型。以费效比作为选择最优检测策略的标准,最优的检测策略是在保证结构设计工作寿命期内的可靠指标大于最低可靠指标的基础上,使得结构生命周期内总的费效比最大。在此基础上,以受点腐蚀损伤的船体构件为例,对其检测策略进行了成本-效益评估,并对计算结果进行了敏感性分析。结果表明,基于风险的成本及效益分析方法可以将检测规划的经济性和可靠性有效地结合起来,能够在风险与成本之间达到一种平衡,它在优化检测策略时是有效的。     

Experimental studies of a damaged ship section in forced heave motion

This work documents a detailed series of experiments performed in a wave flume on a thin walled prismatic hull form. The model consists of a rectangular opening located on the side. The length of the model is slightly smaller than the flume breadth to achieve two-dimensional (2D) behavior in the experiments. Forced oscillatory heave tests in calm water have been carried out by varying the model-motion parameters and examining both intact and damaged conditions. Video recordings, measurements of the wave elevation inside the damaged compartment and of the force on the model were performed in all the experiments. The effect of damage opening in the model on hydrodynamic loads is examined by comparing with an intact section. A theoretical analysis is used to explain the behavior of added mass and damping coefficients in heave for a 2D damaged section. The presented results demonstrate occurrence of sloshing and piston mode resonances in the tests and their influence on the hydrodynamics loads of a damaged ship. Detailed physical investigations are presented at these resonance frequencies for the damaged section. Effect of filling level in the damage compartment, damage-opening length and air compressibility in the airtight compartment is examined. Nonlinear effects are documented and appear dominant, especially, for lowest filling level where we have shallow-water depth conditions in the damaged compartment. Resonance phenomena that can lead to significant local loads are identified for the shallow water condition. Air compressibility in the airtight compartment and floodwater act as a coupled system and influence inflow/outflow of floodwater in the compartment. It has a significant effect on local floodwater behavior in the damaged compartment.     

高桩-混凝土承台式海上风电塔强振分析

对某个风电场的23座高桩-混凝土承台式海上风电塔进行了1年的强振监测,统计了其在台风、偏航冲击等作用力下的强振特性。监测数据分析发现:机舱对风向偏航时会引起塔筒强烈振动,且此类型强振现象持续时间达几十秒,有时振动加速度可超过10 m/s^2,每个月多达几百次;在某次台风作用下,塔筒的振动加速度接近10 m/s^2;施工船靠船时的碰撞引起塔筒的强振幅值接近15 m/s^2;通过分析风电塔1年运营期间的塔筒固有频率值,发现前3阶固有频率值、阻尼比未发现变化。监测结果表明:高桩-混凝土承台式风电塔在台风、机舱偏航,施工船碰撞时都会产生强烈振动。因此,机舱偏航和施工船碰撞引起风电塔的强振现象过于频繁发生,是风电塔疲劳损伤的重要因素。本文的研究成果可为此类型风电塔设计、运营安全监测及损伤诊断提供参考。